scholarly journals Organic Production Practices and Technical Inefficiency of Durian Farms in Thailand

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wirat Krasachat
Keyword(s):  
Organic Production ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Production Practices

scholarly journals Microbiological evaluation of lettuce produced by conventional and organic systems in farms of Londrina, PR

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Harumi Niguma ◽  
Jacinta Sanchez Pelayo ◽  
Tereza Cristina Rocha Moreira de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Conventional System ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Organic System ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Production Practices

The aims of this study were to evaluate the contamination of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), produced in Londrina, Paraná (PR), with total coliform, coliform at 45 °C, E. coli, and Salmonella spp.; and to determine the E. coli contamination of irrigation water used at the farms studied. Four farms were evaluated, of which three produced lettuce using a conventional system and one using an organic system. An evaluation of the production practices of the farms was also carried out. A total of 111 samples were analyzed, 71 lettuce samples from the conventional system and 40 samples from the organic system. A total of eight irrigation water samples were collected for analysis. Coliform at 45 °C counts above the limit tolerated by Brazilian legislation were observed in 2.8% (2/71) of conventionally grown lettuce samples, and Salmonella spp. was isolated in 1.4% (1/71) of those samples. In the organic lettuce samples, 12.5% (5/40) had coliform at 45 °C counts above the limit tolerated and Salmonella spp. was not detected. Irrigation water samples from three farms were unsatisfactory, with counts higher than 102MPN of E. coli per 100mL. The results of this study demonstrate that most conventionally grown lettuce samples show good sanitary conditions in production, and that lettuce contamination is not related to contamination found in irrigation water samples. The results also showed that the organic production practices required by Brazilian certification agencies should be applied to ensure that contamination of produced lettuce remains controlled.

scholarly journals A Comparison of 13 Sweet Pepper Varieties under an Organic Farming System

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Boyhan ◽  
Cecilia McGregor ◽  
Suzanne O’Connell ◽  
Johannah Biang ◽  
David Berle
Keyword(s):  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
King Arthur ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Organic Farming System

There is a dearth of information on pepper (Capsicum annuum) variety production under organic conditions; therefore, a randomized complete block designed experiment of 13 pepper varieties were evaluated in 2016 and 2017 using organic production practices on land managed organically for the 6 previous years. Total yield, graded yield, and early yield were the main factors of interest. There were by-year interactions, so the data were analyzed separately for each year. All of the peppers evaluated except for ‘Sweet Chocolate’ were bell pepper types. The average total yield was 1229 and 1754 boxes/acre (28 lb/box) in 2016 and 2017, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences for total yield or early total yield in 2016. In 2017, the top five highest yielding varieties were Aristotle X3R®, Gridiron, King Arthur, Flavorburst, and Blitz. With the exception of ‘Flavorburst’, all of these entries were among the highest yielding for fancy fruit (≥3 inches diameter and 3.5 inches length). The greatest early yield in 2017 included ‘Aristotle X3R®’, ‘Flavorburst’, ‘Touchdown’, ‘Islander’, and ‘Gridiron’. In 2017, early yields of fancy fruit greater than 100 boxes/acre included ‘Aristotle X3R®’, ‘Red Knight X3R®’, ‘Blitz’, and ‘Gridiron’.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Watermelon Varieties under Organic Production Practices in Georgia

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Boyhan ◽  
Suzanne O’Connell ◽  
Ryan McNeill ◽  
Suzanne Stone
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Certified Organic ◽  
Solids Content

Organic production is a fast-growing sector of agriculture in need of variety evaluations under their unique production systems. This study evaluated 16 watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) varieties for their performance characteristics under organic production practices. Plants were grown on plastic mulch-covered beds on land that had been certified organic in accordance with the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Organic Program. Six of the entries were F1 hybrids; the remaining entries were open-pollinated (OP) varieties. Of the 10 OP varieties, three were considered heirloom varieties, including Cream of Saskatchewan, Georgia Rattlesnake, and Moon & Stars. ‘Georgia Rattlesnake’ was the highest yielding variety and had the greatest average fruit weight. Along with ‘Georgia Rattlesnake’, ‘Nunhems 800’, ‘Nunhems 860’, ‘Orangeglo’, and ‘SSX 8585’ were included in the top five yielding varieties. The top five yielding varieties had fruit size that averaged more than 20 lb. Fruit size correlated with rind thickness, with lighter fruit having thinner rind (Pearson’s correlation, r = 0.779), which is not unexpected. ‘Sangria’ had the greatest average soluble solids content at 11.2%, which was greater than all entries with soluble solids less than 10%.

Growth of organic production faces key obstacles

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Food ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Product Labelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Chemical Inputs ◽  
The Cost

Significance The organic production system is based on a set of cultivation and production practices that prioritise sustainability throughout the supply chain while guaranteeing fair working conditions. To ensure that organic food reaches the largest number of consumers and is financially attractive to industries, increased attention is being paid to certification of organic products. Impacts A decline in artificial and chemical inputs by the agrarian economy would help reduce the sector’s sizeable carbon footprint. Wealthier consumers will switch to organic foods as the COVID-19 pandemic increases their focus on health and immunity. Government subsidies for supporting the cost of certification are especially useful to small farmers. Digital technologies for agriculture such as product labelling will remove some of the barriers to increasing organic consumption.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tomato Varieties under Organic Production Practices in Georgia

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
George E. Boyhan ◽  
Suzzanne Tate ◽  
Ryan McNeill ◽  
Jeffrey McConnaughey
Keyword(s):  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
High Yields ◽  
National Organic Program

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a popular crop among organic growers, particularly open-pollinated varieties; however, there is a lack of information evaluating these varieties in comparison with commercial F1 hybrids. This study was undertaken to compare conventionally produced commercial F1 tomato varieties available in the southeastern United States with open-pollinated varieties popular among organic growers. Nineteen tomato varieties were evaluated in 2011 and 2012 using the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Organic Program guidelines; however, the land used had not been in 3 years of organic production. Staked tomatoes were grown on plastic mulch. Data collected included early and total graded yield. In general, F1 hybrid, determinate or semideterminate varieties, had the best early and total yields compared with open-pollinated varieties. HSX 8115H and ‘Celebrity’ had the highest early total yield. ‘Costoluto Fiorentino’, an open-pollinated variety, also had good early total yield, but significantly less than HSX 8115H or ‘Celebrity’. ‘Costoluto Fiorentino’ was the only open-pollinated variety among the five highest yielding varieties for early total yield. In addition, ‘Celebrity’ had the greatest total yield of all the entries tested. All of the top five varieties for total yield were F1 hybrids and either determinate or semideterminate types. ‘Costoluto Fiorentino’ had total yield of 22,046 lb/acre, which was 14.3% lower than the lowest yielding variety in the top five yielding varieties. ‘Florida Pink’ had the largest average fruit weight, which also had the lowest total yield of all the entries. Although the open-pollinated varieties, popular among organic and local growers, yielded less than F1 hybrids, they may possess characteristics of color, flavor, or texture that are desired and were not evaluated in this study. This may be an opportunity for plant breeders to develop varieties desired by local organic growers that have unique characteristics, in addition to high yields and disease resistance.

scholarly journals SOUTHEASTERN CONSUMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCTION ATTRIBUTES OF FRESH TOMATOES

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
McKENZIE MAPLES ◽  
MATTHEW G. INTERIS ◽  
KIMBERLY L. MORGAN ◽  
ARDIAN HARRI
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Pesticide Residue ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Complete Conversion ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Final Point ◽  
Marginal Production ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study examines southeastern consumers’ willingness to pay for marginal changes in production practices that lessen the impact on the environment but that fall short of a complete conversion to organic production. We find that consumers are willing to pay more for tomatoes grown using less water, that contain less pesticide residue, that are not grown with petroleum-based fertilizers, and that travel shorter distances to the final point of sale. These estimates provide a starting point for producers who cannot convert to organic production but for whom it might be profitable to make (more feasible) marginal production changes.

scholarly journals Effect of Conventional and Organic Production Practices on the Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter spp. in Poultry

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 3600-3607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taradon Luangtongkum ◽  
Teresa Y. Morishita ◽  
Aaron J. Ison ◽  
Shouxiong Huang ◽  
Patrick F. McDermott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Agar Dilution ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

ABSTRACT Intestinal tracts of broilers and turkeys from 10 conventional broiler farms and 10 conventional turkey farms, where antimicrobials were routinely used, and from 5 organic broiler farms and 5 organic turkey farms, where antimicrobials had never been used, were collected and cultured for Campylobacter species. A total of 694 Campylobacter isolates from the conventional and organic poultry operations were tested for antimicrobial resistance to nine antimicrobial agents by the agar dilution method. Although Campylobacter species were highly prevalent in both the conventional and organic poultry operations, the antimicrobial resistance rates were significantly different between the organic operations and the conventional operations. Less than 2% of Campylobacter strains isolated from organically raised poultry were resistant to fluoroquinolones, while 46% and 67% of Campylobacter isolates from conventionally raised broilers and conventionally raised turkeys, respectively, were resistant to these antimicrobials. In addition, a high frequency of resistance to erythromycin (80%), clindamycin (64%), kanamycin (76%), and ampicillin (31%) was observed among Campylobacter isolates from conventionally raised turkeys. None of the Campylobacter isolates obtained in this study was resistant to gentamicin, while a large number of the isolates from both conventional and organic poultry operations were resistant to tetracycline. Multidrug resistance was observed mainly among Campylobacter strains isolated from the conventional turkey operation (81%). Findings from this study clearly indicate the influence of conventional and organic poultry production practices on antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter on poultry farms.

scholarly journals Guidelines and Acceptable Postharvest Practices for Organically Grown Produce

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Plotto ◽  
Jan A. Narciso
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
Production Practices ◽  
Organically Grown ◽  
National Organic Program ◽  
Processing Aids

Organic foods are produced using agricultural practices that emphasize renewable resources and conservation of soil and water. Horticultural crops are grown and processed without synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, ingredients and processing aids. Crops or ingredients derived from genetic engineering, and use of ionizing radiation are prohibited in organic production. The challenge is to deliver produce that has the same safety, quality and shelf life as conventional products, with a limited array of tools available for sanitation and postharvest treatments. Organic operators, professionals servicing the industry, as well as researchers involved in organic production practices, should be aware of all the points in the process of storing, handling and transforming horticultural crops where accidental contamination could occur, and thus compromise organic integrity. This presentation summarizes the major points of the National Organic Program for processing and handling, and gives suggestions for postharvest research. For example, finding organic alternatives for postharvest decay control is critical to maintain food safety. Additionally, ingredients compatible for fresh cut and produce coatings must be developed for the organic market for food safety and competitiveness.

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