Network Infrastructures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Kunneke ◽  
Claude Ménard ◽  
John Groenewegen
Keyword(s):  
Complex Networks ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Institutional Dimension ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Network Infrastructures

Infrastructures are complex networks dominated by tight interdependencies between technologies and institutions. These networks supply services crucial to modern societies, services that can be provided only if several critical functions are fulfilled. This book proposes a theoretical framework with a set of concepts to analyse rigorously how these critical functions require coordination within the technological dimension as well as within the institutional dimension. It also shows how fundamental the alignment between these two dimensions is. It argues that this alignment operates along different layers characterized successively by the structure, governance and transactions that connect technologies and institutions. These issues of coordination and alignment, at the core of the book, are substantiated through in-depth case studies of networks from the energy, water and wastewater, and transportation sectors.

scholarly journals Connecting Environmental Changes, Migration Causality, and Transnational Practices. Insights from the Moroccan Diaspora in Belgium

2021 ◽  
pp. 149-168
Author(s):  
Lore Van Praag ◽  
Loubna Ou-Salah ◽  
Elodie Hut ◽  
Caroline Zickgraf
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
The Core

AbstractIn this chapter we turn to relevant findings arising from fieldwork conducted in Belgium in the context of the MIGRADAPT project. Although the Moroccan case study that forms the core of this book must be interpreted independently from the empirical data provided in this chapter (and vice versa), both case studies hinge on the same theoretical framework and are, as such, inherently complementary and connected, although not meant to be directly comparative.

scholarly journals Bounding Boundaries: Building a Typology of Careers with the Concept of Boundary

M n gement ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Dubois ◽  
Pierre François
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Career Patterns ◽  
Social Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Social ◽  
Original Case ◽  
Core Idea ◽  
Definition Of

The core idea of this paper is that the concept of boundary can help us to understand the social form careers take. The concept of boundary has informed much of the literature on careers. Scholars are now looking beyond the boundaryless/boundaried divide as the boundaryless argument has been convincingly contested theoretically and empirically. This is what we do in this article. It offers a definition of career boundaries which can be empirically tested as both objective and subjective construct along two dimensions: the existence of fixed career patterns and that of individual, shared, or collective awareness of these patterns. This leads us to build a six-case typology combining these two dimensions. To test the explanatory power of this theoretical framework, we use the original case of French poets. As poets do not work in stable organizations, we could expect erratic careers. We find that poets’ careers are not erratic, but follow fixed patterns, structured by publishers and the pace of publications, with, respectively, shared and individual awareness of these patterns. We also find that similarly reputed poets tend to follow similar career patterns as they cross the same boundaries at a similar moment in their career. We end by discussing how our typology can help to understand careers, using examples from the literature from various professional settings.

scholarly journals How Firms Cooperate in Business Groups? Evidence from Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-88
Author(s):  
Wioletta Mierzejewska ◽  
◽  
Patryk Dziurski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Groups ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Interorganizational Cooperation ◽  
The Core ◽  
Vertical Cooperation ◽  
Cross Case Analysis

Purpose: The study aims to identify the main directions of intragroup cooperation, along with crucial areas of cooperation in business groups, and develops theoretical models of cooperation in a business group. Methodology: The qualitative approach is applied in the study that is based on the cross-case analysis of four business groups operating in Poland. Findings: Results indicate that business groups cooperate mainly vertically (cooperation between the core company and affiliates) in operations. Horizontal (among affiliates) and vertical cooperation in other areas – marketing, R&D, finance, and human resources – are not so intense. The study enables us to propose a theoretical framework of cooperation models in business groups based on two dimensions – the direction of cooperation and the number of cooperation areas. It leads to the identification of four models: two-sided loose cooperation, two-sided tight cooperation, multi-sided loose cooperation, and multi-sided tight cooperation. Implications: Identification of main directions of cooperation in business groups, along with areas of cooperation have implications for both researchers and managers. Findings of the study and the theoretical framework of cooperation models in business groups can be used as a basis for the further theoretical exploration of the organization and functioning of business groups in the economy and a strategic decision guideline for managers. Originality: The literature focuses mainly on the interorganizational cooperation between dispersedly owned standalone entities. Studies on intraorganizational cooperation in business groups are limited. The study aims to provide a better understanding of cooperation between entities in business groups.

scholarly journals The core components of education 4.0 in higher education: Three case studies in engineering education

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 107278
Author(s):  
Jhonattan Miranda ◽  
Christelle Navarrete ◽  
Julieta Noguez ◽  
José-Martin Molina-Espinosa ◽  
María-Soledad Ramírez-Montoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Components

Monitoring and validation of decentralised water and wastewater systems for increased uptake

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 2576-2581 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sharma ◽  
S. Cook ◽  
M. N. Chong
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Decentralised Systems ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Decentralised water and wastewater systems are being implemented to meet growing demand for municipal services either in combination with centralised systems or as standalone systems. In Australia, there has been increased investment in decentralised water and wastewater systems in response to the capacity constraints of existing centralised systems, an extended period of below average rainfall, uncertainly in traditional water sources due to potential climate change impacts, and the need to reduce the environmental impact of urban development. The implementation of decentralised water systems as a mainstream practice at different development scales is impeded by the knowledge gaps on their actual performance in a range of development types and settings. As the wide-spread uptake of these approaches in modern cities is relatively new compared to centralised approaches, there is limited information available on their planning, design, implementation, reliability and robustness. This paper presents a number of case studies where monitoring studies are under way to validate the performance of decentralised water and wastewater systems. The results from these case studies show the yield and reliability of these decentralised systems, as well as the associated energy demand and ecological footprint. The outputs from these case studies, and other monitoring studies, are important in improving decentralised system design guidelines and developing industry wide management norms for the operation and maintenance of decentralised systems.

The Oxford Handbook of Grammatical Number

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Noun Phrases ◽  
Numeral Classifiers ◽  
Number Marking ◽  
The Core ◽  
Grammatical Number ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Linguistic Means

This volume offers an overview of current research on grammatical number in language. The chapters Part i of the handbook present foundational notions in the study of grammatical number covering the semantic analyses of plurality, the mass–count distinction, the relationship between number and quantity expressions and the mental representation of number and individuation. The core instance of grammatical number is marking for number distinctions in nominal expressions as in English the book/the books and the chapters in Part ii, Number in the nominal domain, explore morphological, semantic, and syntactic aspects of number marking within noun phrases. The contributions examine morphological marking of number the relationship between syntax and nominal number marking, and the interactions between numeral classifiers with semantic number and number marking. They also address cases of mismatches in form and meaning with respect to number displayed by lexical plurals and collective nouns. The final chapter reviews nominal number processing from the perspective of language pathologies. While number marking on nouns has been the focus of most research on number, number distinctions can also be found in the event domain. Part iii, Number in the event domain, presents an overview of different linguistic means of expressing plurality in the event domain, covering verbal plurality marking, pluractional modifiers of the form Noun preposition Noun, frequency adjectives and dependent indefinites. Part iv provides fifteen case studies examining different aspects of grammatical number marking in a range of typologically diverse languages.

The integrative potential of science and research cooperation for suturing the Baltic Sea region in the 21st century

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-32
Author(s):  
Kazimierz Musiał
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Research Cooperation ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Science And Research

The aim of the article is to demonstrate how science and researchcooperation may help to reintegrate the Baltic region in the 21st century withthe participation of Russia. This is done through the analysis of documentsand strategies of Baltic Sea regionalism in the context of the regional knowledgeregime. Attention is paid to different positionalities of the regional actorsand their narratives. The theoretical framework is secured by an analysis ofcritical junctures drawing on case studies from the years 1989-91 and 2014 andthe subsequent reconfiguration of the power / knowledge nexus. The analysisshows that this reconfiguration actively contributes to creating and changingthe content and context of the Baltic Sea regionalism as based on new symbolic,economic, and political capitals. The conclusion points to the potentialof Russia’s involvement in the co-creation of the regional knowledge regimeand defines the conditions and methods of possible cooperation.

scholarly journals Breathing and orientation underwater in swimming pool: Effects of age, practice, and duration of an aquatic stimulation program in babies and infants

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Eduarda Veloso ◽  
João Barreiros ◽  
Carlos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Swimming Pool ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Breathing Control ◽  
The Relationship

Nowadays there are not many investigation results about infant and baby's motor behavior in the aquatic environment. The present study seeks to describe it before the 40 months of age and to examine the relationship between the motor acquisitions and the chronological age, time of practice and program duration. A system of categories and sub-categories of baby's motor behavior was developed for two dimensions: breathing control and underwater orientation. This system was validated with obtained values of 96% of objectivity and 100% of consistency. Then, 101 babies and infants were evaluated between 3 and 40 months of age, some of them in different moments, in a total of 216 observations (N=216). Breathing control and underwater orientation skills were strongly correlated with chronological age, time of practice and program duration. All the correlations were positive with 0.75-0.86% and significant (ρâ‰-0.01), meaning that as age, time of practice or program duration increases, the breathing control and underwater orientation skills showed clear improvement. Chronological ages for developmental steps in aquatic environment were identified. Results are discussed within a maturation-stimulation theoretical framework. The evaluation tool that was proposed and validated is ready for use and can be applied in other research settings.

Analogism at Chavín de Huántar

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-98
Author(s):  
Nicco La Mattina
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
The Core ◽  
Chavin De Huantar ◽  
Chavín De Huántar ◽  
A Site ◽  
Material Record

Approaches to understanding the core beliefs and worldviews of ancient peoples are not superficially facilitated by the archaeological record. Sometimes, pre-Columbian people are described by analogy to presumably similar contemporary people; that is, a theoretical framework applicable to certain modern peoples is applied a priori in the investigation of a site. This chapter argues that at Chavín de Huántar, interpretations centred around animism and shamanism employ these concepts a priori as ways of understanding the material record. Many of the references to shamanism make specific analogies to Amazonian practices and import these ideas to Chavín de Huántar. Furthermore, the chapter authors argue that, if the iconographic and material record at Chavín de Huánta are carefully evaluated, interpretations centred around animism and shamanism will not follow. The authors demonstrate that the analogist ontology formulated by Descola finds a firmer grounding in the iconographic and material record when these are considered together.

Affective image operations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Eder
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Stimulate Action ◽  
Political Force ◽  
Moving Images ◽  
Web Videos ◽  
War Propaganda ◽  
Affective Structure

Affective image operations are attempts to influence behaviour and stimulate action by evoking affects through images. The paper explores their forms and uses in political conflict, from video activism to war propaganda. Drawing together interdisciplinary research, the chapter develops a theoretical framework for analysing the affective and political force of still and moving images, arguing that the affective structure of images has four layers: Political affects and emotions are triggered by the specific interplay of visual forms, worlds, messages, and reflections. On the basis of this framework, several frequent types of affective image operations can be distinguished, illustrated by brief case studies of political web videos.

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