Literary Geographies in Balzac and Proust

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Conroy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Space ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Place Names ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Geographical Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Literary Geography ◽  
Fictional Worlds ◽  
Literary Cartography

Literary geography is one of the core aspects of the study of the novel, both in its realist and post-realist incarnations. Literary geography is not just about connecting place-names to locations on the map; literary geographers also explore how spaces interact in fictional worlds and the imaginary of physical space as seen through the lens of characters' perceptions. The tools of literary cartography and geographical analysis can be particularly useful in seeing how places relate to one another and how characters are associated with specific places. This Element explores the literary geographies of Balzac and Proust as exemplary of realist and post-realist traditions of place-making in novelistic spaces. The central concern of this Element is how literary cartography, or the mapping of place-names, can contribute to our understanding of place-making in the novel.

An Ecofeminist Reading of Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’urbervilles and its Movie Adaptation by Roman Polanski: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Djouher Benyoucef
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Core ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Tess Of The D'urbervilles ◽  
Roman Polanski

Ecofeminist examination of audio-visual and textual narratives is the central concern of this article. At the core of my study is a comparative analysis of Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the d’Urbervilles (1891) and its movie adaptation by Roman Polanski (1979), with an aim to explore convergent and divergent ecofeminist imperatives. I argue that the novel highlights the intersection between the oppression of women and exploitation of nature. By contrast, the movie adopts an ambiguous stance that undermines the potential of an ethical ecofeminist critique. This is clearly reflected through scenes that represent the encounter between Alec and Tess as a pastoral romance taking place against the backdrop of nature, that ultimately serve to cast their association as the result of natural instinct rather than a crime. This reworking of the novel seems to suggest that the movie’s thrust as a whole is towards exonerating Alec, which undermines the novels’ ecofeminist overtones.

Untimely Development, Ugly History:A Drama in Muslinand the Rejection of National-Historical Time

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-183
Author(s):  
Mary L. Mullen
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
The Core

This article considers the politics and aesthetics of the colonial Bildungsroman by reading George Moore's often-overlooked novel A Drama in Muslin (1886). It argues that the colonial Bildungsroman does not simply register difference from the metropolitan novel of development or express tension between the core and periphery, as Jed Esty suggests, but rather can imagine a heterogeneous historical time that does not find its end in the nation-state. A Drama in Muslin combines naturalist and realist modes, and moves between Ireland and England to construct a form of untimely development that emphasises political processes (dissent, negotiation) rather than political forms (the state, the nation). Ultimately, the messy, discordant history represented in the novel shows the political potential of anachronism as it celebrates the untimeliness of everyday life.

scholarly journals Hård sentimentalisme og seksualiseret middelalder i Tom Kristensens En Kavaler i Spanien

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-82
Author(s):  
Rasmus Vangshardt
Keyword(s):  
Sentimental Novel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Artistic Development ◽  
Medieval Spain ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Erotic

AbstractTom Kristensen’s travel book En Kavaler i Spanien (1926) was the result of a stay at the Danish explorer Knud Rasmussen’s house, where Kristensen not only met his physical and psychological superior, he also began his artistic development and personal breakdown towards the novel Hærværk (1930). The article argues that with a departure from this context, En Kavaler i Spanien can be read as an original and complex subgenre of the sentimental novel and it suggests that the work might best be categorized as ‘hard sentimentalism’. This subgenre of the travel novel can be identified in the intertwinement of the core thematic of the book — eroticism, medieval Spain and identity loss — with style and form. The paradoxical generic notion of ‘hard sentimentalism’ is used to connect medieval Spain with the erotic, but in an increasingly dangerous way, which threatens the traveler’s identity by increasing homosexual attraction and opening an abyss of degeneration and distorted emptiness behind the flirt.

scholarly journals Presuppositions, implicatures, and contextual equivalence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Marty ◽  
Jacopo Romoli
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Theory ◽  
Empirical Adequacy ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Systematic Comparison ◽  
The Core ◽  
New Information ◽  
Maximize Presupposition ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Contextual Equivalence

AbstractMaximize Presupposition! (MP), as originally proposed in Heim (Semantik: Ein internationales Handbuch der zeitgenössischen Forschung, pp. 487–535, 1991) and developed in subsequent works, offers an account of the otherwise mysterious unassertability of a variety of sentences. At the core of MP is the idea that speakers are urged to use a sentence ψ over a sentence ϕ if ψ contributes the same new information as ϕ, yet carries a stronger presupposition. While MP has been refined in many ways throughout the years, most (if not all) of its formulations have retained this characterisation of the MP-competition. Recently, however, the empirical adequacy of this characterisation has been questioned in light of certain newly discovered cases that are infelicitous, despite meeting MP-competition conditions. This has led some researchers to broaden the scope of MP, extending it to competition between sentences which are not contextually equivalent (Spector and Sudo in Linguistics and Philosophy 40(5):473–517, 2017) and whose presuppositions are not satisfied in the context (Anvari in Proceedings of Semantics and Linguistic Theory 28, pp. 711–726, 2018; Manuscript, IJN-ENS, 2019). In this paper, we present a body of evidence showing that these formulations of MP are sometimes too liberal, sometimes too restrictive: they overgenerate infelicity for a variety of felicitous cases while leaving the infelicity of minimally different cases unaccounted for. We propose an alternative, implicature-based approach stemming from Magri (PhD dissertation, MIT, 2009), Meyer (PhD dissertation, MIT, 2013), and Marty (PhD dissertation, MIT, 2017), which reintroduces contextual equivalence and presupposition satisfaction in some form through the notion of relevance. This approach is shown to account for the classical and most of the novel cases. Yet some of the latter remain problematic for this approach as well. We end the paper with a systematic comparison of the different approaches to MP and MP-like phenomena, covering both the classical and the novel cases. All in all, the issue of how to properly restrict the competition for MP-like phenomena remains an important challenge for all accounts in the literature.

Postcolonial Identities in Dinaw Mengestu’s Literary Chronotope

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-68
Author(s):  
Alice Mogire ◽  
◽  
Justus Makokha ◽  
Oscar Macharia
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discussion ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Gayatri Spivak ◽  
The Revolution

The critical discussion in this article is on postcolonial identities and it centres on Dinaw Mengestu's novels Children of the Revolution and All Our Names. It is contended that the term postcolonial identities is taken to mean the awareness of the subaltern as they try to negotiate who they are within the chronotopic hybridized African space in the postcolonial context. In the epigraph above, Gayatri Spivak describes the culturally oppressed, the subaltern, as having neither antiquity nor ability for speech due to the milieu of colonial production in which they operate. Important for the study, history and speech happen in time-space. Therefore, the identities of the subaltern, which Spivak associates to history and speech, come into being in the novel through fusion of time-space indicators. Cued by Spivak’s unique assertion, how Mengestu’s Children of the Revolution and All Our Names address themselves to postcolonial identities through fusion of time-space indicators is the central concern of this paper.

Geografia romanului românesc (1933-1947): arealul național

Transilvania ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Emanuel Modoc ◽  
Nicoleta Strugari ◽  
Mihnea Bâlici ◽  
Radu Vancu ◽  
Ștefan Baghiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Fictional Worlds

This article analyzes the ways in which the Romanian novel published between 1933-1947 represents cities, towns, peripheries and villages in the fictional worlds. It asserts the democratization of the narrative universe through the novel of the periphery and discusses the birth of the touristic novel, in which characters often spend time in new areas for relaxation. It also challenges the idea of spatial atomization, since the geographical preferences of the authors are usually centralized and gentrified. Almost only subgenre novels and ethnical minority authors are responsible for the democratization of the national geography of the Romanian novel in 1933-1947.

The Psychology of Victorian Buddhism and Rudyard Kipling’s Kim

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-259
Author(s):  
Deanna K. Kreisel
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Central Concern ◽  
Religious Elements

Deanna K. Kreisel, “The Psychology of Victorian Buddhism and Rudyard Kipling’s Kim” (pp. 227–259) This essay demonstrates that Rudyard Kipling’s Kim (1901) engages deeply with several aspects of Buddhist thought that were also of central concern to nineteenth-century British psychology. It describes several central tenets of Buddhism as understood by Victorian exegetes, paying particular attention to the ways this discourse became surprisingly approbatory over the course of the century. It also performs close readings of three key passages in Kipling’s novel dealing with identity, will, and self-discipline that illuminate the author’s understanding of the subtleties of Buddhist thought. Its attention to the ways in which Kipling’s novel engages Asian religious practice, particularly the “esoteric” practices of meditation and trance, complicates an entrenched reading of the novel as championing British triumphalism; it does so by challenging earlier interpretations of the religious elements in Kim as constituting straightforward evidence for the novel’s endorsement of the imperial project.

scholarly journals Cylindrical Micelles by the Self-Assembly of Crystalline-b-Coil Polyphosphazene-b-P2VP Block Copolymers. Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria de los Angeles Cortes ◽  
Raquel de la Campa ◽  
Maria Luisa Valenzuela ◽  
Carlos Díaz ◽  
Gabino A. Carriedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Cationic Polymerization ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Selective Solvent ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cylindrical Micelles ◽  
Main Factor

During the last number of years a variety of crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) processes based on semicrystalline block copolymers have been developed to prepare a number of different nanomorphologies in solution (micelles). We herein present a convenient synthetic methodology combining: (i) The anionic polymerization of 2-vinylpyridine initiated by organolithium functionalized phosphane initiators; (ii) the cationic polymerization of iminophosphoranes initiated by –PR2Cl2; and (iii) a macromolecular nucleophilic substitution step, to prepare the novel block copolymers poly(bistrifluoroethoxy phosphazene)-b-poly(2-vinylpyridine) (PTFEP-b-P2VP), having semicrystalline PTFEP core forming blocks. The self-assembly of these materials in mixtures of THF (tetrahydrofuran) and 2-propanol (selective solvent to P2VP), lead to a variety of cylindrical micelles of different lengths depending on the amount of 2-propanol added. We demonstrated that the crystallization of the PTFEP at the core of the micelles is the main factor controlling the self-assembly processes. The presence of pyridinyl moieties at the corona of the micelles was exploited to stabilize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs).

scholarly journals Preparation of Cyclic Peptide Alkaloids Containing Functionalized Tryptophan Residues

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0600101
Author(s):  
Alexander K. L. Yuen ◽  
Craig A. Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Cyclic Peptide ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Diazonamide A ◽  
The Core ◽  
Tryptophan Residues ◽  
Novel Methods

This review covers the synthesis of various cyclic peptide natural products possessing highly functionalized tryptophan residues, focusing on the examples of diazonamide A, the TMC-95 compounds, the celogentin/moroidin family and the complestatin/chloropeptin system. Recent efforts toward the preparation of these modified-tryptophan-containing peptides will be outlined, focusing primarily on the novel methods for the assembly of the highly functionalized indole/tryptophan moieties at the core of these structures.

scholarly journals A novel hybrid of Hypericum undulatum (Wavy-leaved St. John’s-wort, Hypericaceae) and its subsequent dispersal

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Jones ◽  
Fred Rumsey
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Species Range ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Core ◽  
St John’S Wort ◽  
St John's Wort ◽  
Core Site

The novel hybrid Hypericum undulatum Schousb. ex. Willd. x H. perforatum L. is described from Cardiganshire (v.c.46) and given the name H. x cereticae R.A. Jones, F.J. Rumsey & N. Robson.  Despite reduced fertility it shows indications of ongoing introgression and signs of recent dispersal up to 5 km from the core site. The hybrid has arisen recently at the northern extremes of the rarer (H. undulatum) parental species’ range, although at neither site are the parents currently sympatric and in the outlying population both are absent, supporting the belief that here it has not arisen de novo but has colonised through unknown agencies.

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