CHOOSING A PATH TO THE ANCIENT WORLD IN A MODERN MARKET: THE REALITY OF FACULTY JOBS IN ARCHAEOLOGY

Over the past 30 years, the number of US doctoral anthropology graduates has increased by about 70%, but there has not been a corresponding increase in the availability of new faculty positions. Consequently, doctoral degree-holding archaeologists face more competition than ever before when applying for faculty positions. Here we examine where US and Canadian anthropological archaeology faculty originate and where they ultimately end up teaching. Using data derived from the 2014–2015 AnthroGuide, we rank doctoral programs whose graduates in archaeology have been most successful in the academic job market; identify long-term and ongoing trends in doctoral programs; and discuss gender division in academic archaeology in the US and Canada. We conclude that success in obtaining a faculty position upon graduation is predicated in large part on where one attends graduate school.

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Increase associated risk of gynaecological cancer due to long-term exposure to high concentration of atmospheric SO2 industrial pollutant

Indoor and Built Environment ◽

10.1177/1420326x211003655 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1420326X2110036

Author(s):

Qian Xu ◽

Chan Lu ◽

Rachael Gakii Murithi ◽

Lanqin Cao

Keyword(s):

Time Windows ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Gynaecological Cancer ◽

High Concentration ◽

The Past ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Using Data ◽

Air Quality Monitoring Stations ◽

Control Study

A cohort case–control study was conducted in XiangYa Hospital, Changsha, China, which involved 305 patients and 399 healthy women, from June 2010 to December 2018, to evaluate the association between Chinese women’s short- and long-term exposure to industrial air pollutant, SO2 and gynaecological cancer (GC). We obtained personal and family information from the XiangYa Hospital electronic computer medical records. Using data obtained from the air quality monitoring stations in Changsha, we estimated each woman’s exposure to the industrial air pollutant, sulphur dioxide (SO2), for different time windows, including the past 1, 5, 10 and 15 years before diagnosis of the disease. A multiple logistic regression model was used to assess the association between GC and SO2 exposure. GC was significantly associated with long-term SO2 exposure, with adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) = 1.56 (1.10–2.21) and 1.81 (1.07–3.06) for a per interquartile range increase in the past 10 and 15 years, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that different groups reacted in different ways to long-term SO2 exposure. We concluded that long-term exposure to high concentration of industrial pollutant, SO2 is associated with the development of GC. This finding has implications for the prevention and reduction of GC.

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Feminization of Resistance: Reclaiming the Affective and the Indefinite as Counter-Strategy in Academic Labor Activism

Publications ◽

10.3390/publications10010001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Aslı Vatansever

Keyword(s):

Labor Movement ◽

Labor Movements ◽

Labor Market Participation ◽

Decent Work ◽

New Faculty ◽

Labor Activism ◽

Collective Emotions ◽

Academic Labor ◽

The Us

‘Feminization’ is used either quantitatively to indicate an increased female labor market participation or qualitatively to refer to labor devaluation and to types of work that supposedly require “feminine” skillsets. This article cautiously hews to the qualitative interpretations but suggests an affirmative reconstruction of the concept in the context of collective action. It argues that contemporary grassroots academic labor movements rely more explicitly on collective emotions and aim at building long-term bases of solidarity, instead of performative activism and mass mobilizations. This ‘affective turn’ in academic labor activism is argued to signal a “feminization of resistance”, characterized by a pronounced propensity for affective and relational groundwork. This argument is substantiated in view of the Network for Decent Work in Academia (NGAWiss), a nation-wide precarious researchers’ network in Germany, and the New Faculty Majority (NFM), an adjunct advocacy group in the US. The aim is twofold: first, the article contributes to a better understanding of contemporary labor activism by elucidating the precarious collective’s incremental achievements, often ignored by the outcome-oriented labor movement literature. Second, by reframing it as a mode of affective resistance, the article extends the analytical scope of the term “feminization”.

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Number of long-term inpatients in Japanese psychiatric care beds: trend analysis from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-15837/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Tatsushi Okayama ◽

Kentaro Usuda ◽

Emi Okazaki ◽

Yoshio Yamanouchi

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Psychiatric Care ◽

Patient Survey ◽

Multifaceted Approach ◽

The Past ◽

Natural Decrease ◽

Hospital Bed ◽

The Mean ◽

Using Data

Abstract BackgroundThe number of psychiatric care beds and the mean length of stay in psychiatric care beds in Japan have decreased over the past 10 years. However, as has long been indicated here and elsewhere, Japan lags behind other countries in terms of deinstitutionalization. Furthermore, the population of inpatients in psychiatric care beds is aging dramatically. In addition to the diversification of mental illness, the question of what measures to implement going forward regarding current psychiatric bed resources has emerged as a new challenge.MethodsUsing data from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey, we examined trends in the number of long-term inpatients in psychiatric care beds in Japan through 2040. Population estimation was used for estimating long-term hospital bed demand because of small fluctuations in the admission and discharge of long-term inpatients.ResultsIn 2017, nearly one-third of all long-term hospitalized patients were aged ≥75 years, and an estimated 47% of the total are expected to die by 2040. Thus, the overall demand for long-term hospitalization is forecast to decrease sharply due to aging of currently hospitalized long-term inpatients. The number of long-term inpatients in 2017 was 167,579, and this is projected to decrease to 103,141 in 2040.ConclusionsWe believe it is necessary to adopt a multifaceted approach to promote hospital discharge and transition to the community, and to address the diversification of mental illness and the issue of psychiatric care bed supply/availability, which are forecast to decrease due to the natural decrease in long-term inpatients.

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UNDERSTANDING REAL-WORLD BIOLOGIC MAINTENANCE DOSING PATTERNS AMONG PEDIATRIC ULCERATIVE COLITIS AND CROHN’S DISEASE PATIENTS

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽

10.1093/ibd/izaa347.051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S23-S23

Author(s):

Wallace Crandall ◽

Richard Colletti ◽

Wendy Komocsar ◽

Chunyan Liu ◽

Jennifer Dotson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Maintenance Dose ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Descriptive Statistics ◽

Patient Demographics ◽

Baseline Visit ◽

The Us ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Using Data ◽

Term Maintenance

Abstract Objectives To assess the initial and long-term maintenance dosing of biologic medications in pediatric UC and CD patients, using data in the ICN registry. Methods Pediatric patients (2–17 years) in the US who were diagnosed with UC or CD between June 1, 2013 and December 31, 2019, who, after enrollment in the ICN registry, initiated a biologic (adalimumab, infliximab, certolizumab, golimumab, ustekinumab, vedolizumab, and natalizumab) and were actively followed for at least 12 months after first maintenance dose were included in this study. Descriptive statistics of baseline patient demographics were summarized for the overall Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patient population and separately for UC and CD. Biologic maintenance dosage was calculated for UC and CD patients who had data for both dose and weight for each biologic at the baseline visit (first maintenance dose), 1-year and 3-year time points. Results A total of 1,887 pediatric IBD patients (UC=350; CD=1,537) were included in this study. Patients had a mean age at diagnosis of 12.9 years (UC=13.1; CD=12.9), 57.1% were male (UC=48.9%; CD=59.0%), and 80.6% were White (UC=79.8%; CD=80.8%) (Table 1). Infliximab (77.0%) was the most commonly prescribed biologic for UC, followed by adalimumab (12.4%), vedolizumab (10.1%), certolizumab (0.3%), and ustekinumab (0.3%). Similarly, infliximab (80.6%) was the most commonly prescribed biologic for CD, followed by adalimumab (16.5%), vedolizumab (1.6%), ustekinumab (1.2%), and certolizumab (0.1%) (Table 2). At first maintenance dose, UC patients on infliximab were receiving a mean dose of 10.5mg/kg/8wk, patients on adalimumab (weight <40kg) were receiving a mean dose of 1.3mg/kg/2wk, patients on adalimumab (weight≥40kg) were receiving a mean dose of 0.8mg/kg/2wk, and patients on vedolizumab were receiving a mean dose of 6.9mg/kg/8wks. Mean dose of infliximab among UC patients increased from 10.5mg/kg/8wk at first maintenance dose to 11.8mg/kg/8wk at 1-year from first maintenance dose. At the first maintenance dose, CD patients on infliximab were receiving a mean dose of 8.1mg/kg/8wk, patients on adalimumab (weight <40kg) were receiving a mean dose of 1.1mg/kg/2wk, patients on adalimumab (weight ≥40kg) were receiving a mean dose of 0.8mg/kg/2wk, patients receiving vedolizumab were receiving a mean dose of 10.5mg/kg/8wks. Mean dose of infliximab among CD patients increased from 8.1mg/kg/8wk at first maintenance dose to 9.6mg/kg/8wk at 1-year from first maintenance dose. Conclusion These results highlight the biologic maintenance dose changes among pediatric UC and CD patients. TNF inhibitors remain the most commonly used class of biologic, but the doses being used are double the standard dosing guidelines. There is little evidence of dose reduction over time among pediatric UC and CD patients in the ICN registry.

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China’s emerging partnership network: what, who, where, when and why

International Trade, Politics and Development ◽

10.1108/itpd-05-2019-0004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 66-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Quan Li ◽

Min Ye

Keyword(s):

Cold War ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Content Type ◽

The Us ◽

China’S Foreign Policy ◽

Using Data ◽

Partnership Network ◽

The Cold War ◽

Vast Network

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore and test the motivation behind the evolution of China’s vast network of partnerships around the globe since the end of the Cold War. Design/methodology/approach After combing through 24 types of partnerships with 78 countries, the authors empirically tested four hypotheses using data from Correlates of War and World Bank. Findings The analysis indicates that China’s choice to build such an elaborate network is not random. On the contrary, it is largely determined by three factors: the need to counter the US pressure; the necessity of maintaining peace and stability along its borders and achieving the long-term goal of modernization. Originality/value The research is among the first attempts to comprehensively test the possible motivations behind China’s partnership building efforts and provides a stepping stone for analyzing this important aspect of China’s foreign policy.

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Number of long-term inpatients in Japanese psychiatric care beds: trend analysis from the patient survey and the 630 survey

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-020-02927-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tatsushi Okayama ◽

Kentaro Usuda ◽

Emi Okazaki ◽

Yoshio Yamanouchi

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Psychiatric Care ◽

Patient Survey ◽

Multifaceted Approach ◽

The Past ◽

Natural Decrease ◽

Hospital Bed ◽

The Mean ◽

Using Data

Abstract Background The number of psychiatric care beds and the mean length of stay in psychiatric care beds in Japan have decreased over the past 10 years. However, as has long been indicated here and elsewhere, Japan lags behind other countries in terms of deinstitutionalization. Furthermore, the population of inpatients in psychiatric care beds is aging dramatically. In addition to the diversification of mental illness, the question of what measures to implement going forward regarding current psychiatric bed resources has emerged as a new challenge. Methods Using data from the Patient Survey and the 630 Survey, we examined trends in the number of long-term inpatients in psychiatric care beds in Japan through 2040. Population estimation was used for estimating long-term hospital bed demand because of small fluctuations in the admission and discharge of long-term inpatients. Results In 2017, nearly one-third of all long-term hospitalized patients were aged ≥75 years, and an estimated 47% of the total are expected to die by 2040. Thus, the overall demand for long-term hospitalization is forecast to decrease sharply due to aging of currently hospitalized long-term inpatients. The number of long-term inpatients in 2017 was 167,579, and this is projected to decrease to 103,141 in 2040. Conclusions We believe it is necessary to adopt a multifaceted approach to promote hospital discharge and transition to the community, and to address the diversification of mental illness and the issue of psychiatric care bed supply/availability, which are forecast to decrease due to the natural decrease in long-term inpatients.

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Home hours in the United States and Europe

The B E Journal of Macroeconomics ◽

10.1515/bejm-2015-0031 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lei Fang ◽

Cara McDaniel

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Time Use ◽

Time Allocation ◽

The United States ◽

European Countries ◽

The Past ◽

The Us ◽

The Difference ◽

Using Data

AbstractUsing data from the Multinational Time Use Study, this paper documents the trend and level of time allocation, with a focus on home hours, for the US and European countries. Three patterns emerge. First, home hours per person have declined in both the US and European countries over the past 50 years. Second, female time allocation contributes more to the difference in time allocation per person between the US and European countries than does male time allocation. Third, the time allocation between the US and European countries is more similar for prime-age individuals than for young and old individuals.

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Association Between Lifetime Classic Psychedelic Use and Hypertension in the Past Year

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16715 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 77 (5) ◽

pp. 1510-1516

Author(s):

Otto Simonsson ◽

Peter S. Hendricks ◽

Robin Carhart-Harris ◽

Hannes Kettner ◽

Walter Osika

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Adult Population ◽

The United States ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

The Past ◽

Causal Pathways ◽

San Pedro ◽

The Us ◽

Using Data

Using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2005–2014), weighted to be representative of the US adult population, the present study investigated the association between lifetime classic psychedelic use and hypertension in the past year among adults in the United States. The results showed that respondents who reported having used a classic psychedelic at least once in their lifetime had significantly lower odds of hypertension in the past year after adjusting for several potential confounders (adjusted odds ratio, 0.86 [0.81–0.91]; P <0.0001). Notably, when analyzing the associations between hypertension in the past year and lifetime use of the main classes of classic psychedelics, namely tryptamines (N,N-dimethyltryptamine, ayahuasca, and psilocybin), lysergic acid diethylamide (a lysergamide), and phenethylamines (mescaline, peyote, and San Pedro), only the association with lifetime tryptamine use was significant (adjusted odds ratio, 0.80 [0.73–0.89]; P =0.0001). Though these associations are novel, rigorous randomized controlled trials are warranted to investigate potential causal pathways of classic psychedelics on blood pressure.

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Solving Medicare’s Fiscal Crisis: An Analysis of Three Policy Options

Policy Perspectives ◽

10.4079/pp.v19i0.10424 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Ashley Flint

Keyword(s):

The United States ◽

Policy Options ◽

The Past ◽

Insurance Program ◽

Health Insurance Program ◽

Medicare Program ◽

Cost Growth ◽

The Us ◽

Congressional Action

Health care spending in the United States has increased rapidly over the past several decades. Medicare, the largest public health insurance program in the US, is a key component of these growing costs. While Medicare financing is expected to be stable over the next decade, the long-term solvency will be difficult to sustain absent congressional action. This paper analyzes three policy options for Congress to consider in addressing the problem of rapid cost growth in the Medicare program.

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A Realignment of the Catholic Church in the United States

Theology Today ◽

10.1177/00405736211030236 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (3) ◽

pp. 267-275

Author(s):

Jonathon L. Wiggins ◽

Mary L. Gautier ◽

Thomas P. Gaunt

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Catholic Church ◽

The United States ◽

Faith Communities ◽

The Past ◽

The Us ◽

Challenges And Opportunities ◽

Using Data ◽

Us Census ◽

The Catholic Church

The official, parish-identified, Catholic population in the United States over the past forty years (1980 to 2019) has grown 40 percent, from about 48 million to over 67 million. Such a hearty rate of growth might lead one to assume that the Catholic population is increasing across all parts of the country. This growth, however, has been anything but uniform. From 1980 to the present, the Catholic population in some US Census regions—mostly in the South and in the West of the country—has experienced a boom, while in others—mostly in the Northeast and Midwest—it has experienced a bust. In this article, the growth or decline in the number of Catholics in each of the four US Census regions is explored, using data from the 2020 Faith Communities Today survey as well as data submitted by Catholic dioceses. These analyses give a more nuanced portrait of the Catholic Church in the United States, shedding light on both the challenges and opportunities the US Catholic Church is experiencing in 2021.

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