President Trump Issues Trade-Related Executive Orders and Memoranda

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1053
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Executive Orders ◽  
Electoral Success ◽  
Executive Action ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
United States Trade

The United States' total trade deficit in 2016 was $502.3 billion. President Trump believes that the deficit—and especially its consequences (“wealth … stripped from our country”), causes (“bad trade deals”), and images (“shuttered factories”)—played a prominent role in his electoral success in 2016. Since taking office, Trump has signed a series of executive orders and memoranda on trade in order to fulfill various campaign promises on this front. The executive orders and memoranda focus mainly on gathering information and laying groundwork for future executive action. Taken together, they signal the Trump administration's intention to address the United States' trade deficits, especially with China.

The Impact of Incoming US Administration on Global Trade Relations

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-41
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trading Partner ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
United States Trade

Why did it take decades and an “unconventional” President to realize that the United States had significantly lost out to a “trading partner”? For 2017, United States trade deficit with China was estimated as being over $300 billion. What can be said for now – and what is certain for sure, is that trade gains made by the United States' formidable trading partner, China, were evident – but that millions of Americans either failed to acknowledge its potential or the possibility that it could eventually – and even soon, replace the world's economic leader. It is also possibly the case that it is much clearer for the general populace that are worst hit by the “unbeneficial” trade deals, to see through the picture – and realize what is happening, than those wealthier classes living in “La La land”.

scholarly journals A Critical Analysis of Mercosur Countries’ Trade Relationships with the United States and China

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
M. Anaam Hashmi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Data Series ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Export Industries

The Mercosur trade alliance formed in 1991 is composed of six full member countries. Historically, Mercosur member countries have been engaged in international trade with the United States, Japan, and the European Union, but recently, China has become a dominant player in the region, with increased foreign direct investment and international trade. Chinese commercial and trade involvement was followed by a visit to the region by President Jiang Zemin in 2001; therefore, this study relied on a 2000–2015 data series. Chinese enterprises are competing well with U.S. corporations in almost all Mercosur member countries. A majority of Mercosur members had a trade deficit with China in recent years, suggesting that Mercosur members cannot leverage their export industries and are losing their competitiveness. The future of the Mercosur-China trade relationship is bright because both sides require each other’s products. Future involvement also depends on the Chinese government’s strategic goals, and the competitiveness of U.S. corporations.

EU may struggle to enforce social standards via trade

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social Standards ◽  
Investment Agreement ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trade Partners ◽  
The Eu

Significance In 2020 the European Commission appointed a Chief Trade Enforcement Officer for the first time, signalling that Brussels is intent on enhancing its capacity to enforce standards agreed in trade deals. However, the EU's experience with South Korea suggests that holding trade partners to account over breaching standards will be difficult. Impacts Relations with trade partners could deteriorate if the EU is seen to be aggressive in enforcing its standards. Concern over China’s willingness to improve labour and environmental standards could impede ratification the EU-China investment agreement. The EU may be reluctant to sanction some partners, such as the United States, that breach labour or environmental standards.

By Executive Order

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Rudalevige
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chief Executive ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Presidential Power ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Personal Power ◽  
Executive Orders

The president of the United States is commonly thought to wield extraordinary personal power through the issuance of executive orders. In fact, the vast majority of such orders are proposed by federal agencies and shaped by negotiations that span the executive branch. This book provides the first comprehensive look at how presidential directives are written — and by whom. The book examines more than five hundred executive orders from the 1930s to today — as well as more than two hundred others negotiated but never issued — shedding vital new light on the multilateral process of drafting supposedly unilateral directives. The book draws on a wealth of archival evidence from the Office of Management and Budget and presidential libraries as well as original interviews to show how the crafting of orders requires widespread consultation and compromise with a formidable bureaucracy. It explains the key role of management in the presidential skill set, detailing how bureaucratic resistance can stall and even prevent actions the chief executive desires, and how presidents must bargain with the bureaucracy even when they seek to act unilaterally. Challenging popular conceptions about the scope of presidential power, the book reveals how the executive branch holds the power to both enact and constrain the president's will.

Kebijakan Imigrasi Presiden Trump Terhadap Masyarakat Imigran Di Amerika Serikat Tahun 2017-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Made Fitri Padmi ◽  
Zaenab Yulianti
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Executive Orders ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The Impact

AbstrakTulisan membahas tentang kebijakan imigrasi Donald Trump pada 2 tahun pertama dan dampaknya terhadap masyarakat imigran di Amerika Serikat. Kebijakan imigrasi yang penulis bahas dalam tulisan ini adalah Executive Order di tandatangi Donald Trump pada tahun 2017 terkait larangan akses masuk masyarakat dari tujuh negara muslim yang menurut Amerika Serikat merupakan negara pendukung terorisme. Karya tulis ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan studi kepustakaan serta penyajian data secara eksplanatif. Dalam tulisan ini menunjukan bahwa kebijakan imigrasi Donald Trump mengakibatkan dampak terhadap imigran dari tujuh negara muslim yang ada dan calon imigran yang akan menuju ke Amerika Serikat. Selain dampak terhadap sasaran utama, kebijakan ini juga berdampak pada imigran-imigran lain diluar tujuh negara tersebut serta keamanan, tindakan diskriminasi dan fenomena Xenophobia dan Islamophobia di Amerika Serikat.Kata Kunci: Donald Trump, Executive Order, Imigran, Diskriminasi AbstractThis paper discussed the impact of Donald Trump's immigration policy in the first 2 years against immigrant communities in the United States. The immigration policy that the writer discussed in this paper was the Executive Orders which was signed by Donald Trump in 2017 related to the prohibition of entry into the United States from seven Muslim countries, which according to the United States is a country supporting terrorism. This paper used a qualitative approach and literature study as well as an explanatory data presentation. The results of this paper showed that Donald Trump's immigration policy has had an impact on immigrants from seven existing Muslim countries and prospective immigrants heading to the United States. In addition to the impact on the main targets, this policy also affected other immigrants outside the seven countries as well as security, acts of discrimination and the phenomenon of Xenophobia and Islamophobia in the United States.  Keywords: Donald Trump, Executive Order, Immigrants, Discrimination

The Ghost of Helms-Burton

2019 ◽  
pp. 205-224
Author(s):  
Jonathan C. Benjamin-Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
Obama Administration ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Executive Action ◽  
Normalization Process ◽  
The U.S

In spite of the significant policy initiatives undertaken by the Barack Obama administration to “normalize” U.S. relations with Cuba, serious barriers and impediments lie ahead. This chapter investigates the daunting policy challenges that face the United States and Cuba in their effort to advance their bilateral diplomatic and economic affairs, owing largely to the draconian conditionality codified in the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity (Libertad) Act of 1996 (Helms–Burton Act). Given the highly partisan and divided nature of executive and legislative branches of the U.S. government, it remains uncertain as to whether Congress will allow progress in the normalization process to move beyond the limits of executive action. The chapter identifies and details the concrete steps that must be undertaken by the Congress to dismantle Helms-Burton, and under what conditions that might occur.

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