scholarly journals Remarks of Cinnamon Carlarne

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 235-235
Author(s):  
Cinnamon Carlarne
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
International Level ◽  
United State ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Trump Administration

With the Paris frame laid out and then complicated by the Trump administration announcement, let us widen the frame back out to the international level and ask Jose to discuss the extent to which the Paris Agreement is being implemented by non-state actors in Latin America and, more broadly, in developing countries; in particular, are there any apparent trends or key challenges characterizing the evolving role of non-state actors outside of the United State and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries?

scholarly journals Mutual Effects of Land Distribution and Economic Development: Evidence from Asia, Africa, and Latin America

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Azadi ◽  
Eric Vanhaute
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Latin America ◽  
The Political ◽  
Land Distribution ◽  
Land Inequality ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Different Dimensions

Land plays an important role in the economies of developing countries, and many theories connecting land inequality with different dimensions of economic development already exist. Even though efficacious land distribution allows societies to transition from poverty to a human capital-based developed economy, ongoing issues related to property rights, inequality, and the political economy of land distribution are unavoidable. The general objective of this paper is to explore the nexus between land distribution and economic development. The specific objectives are to: (i) identify which land distribution programs/activities contribute to economic development; (ii) investigate the role of stakeholders in land distribution programs that affect the growth of productivity; and (iii) assess the deficiencies of current land distribution policies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America to explore how economic development theories contribute to decreasing income inequality. This paper provides an overview of land distribution history and the main economic development theories. It also highlights the links between land distribution and the main elements of economic development. Finally, it provides a comparative review of the most recent empirical works regarding the characteristics, limitations, and potential (mutual) effects of land distribution and economic development settings on developing countries worldwide.

scholarly journals Evaluating Antipoverty Transfer Programmes in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. Better Policies? Better Politics?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Barrientos ◽  
Juan Miguel Villa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Evaluation Practice ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
Sub Saharan

AbstractTwo broad explanations can be offered for the incidence of impact evaluations in antipoverty transfer programmes in developing countries. The first, and arguably dominant, explanation suggests this is a consequence of a shift towards evidence-based development policy. A second explanation emphasises the complementary role of policy competition and political factors in motivating evaluations. The paper assesses the relevance of the latter in Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa through (i) a comparison of evaluation practice and (ii) the analysis of a new database of flagship antipoverty transfer programmes.

Social Policy in Developing Countries

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melani Cammett ◽  
Aytug Sasmaz
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Welfare Mix ◽  
State Actors

This chapter reviews the growing body of scholarly literature on welfare regimes in developing countries. Many studies in this research program explicitly or implicitly draw on the approaches and methods of historical institutionalism. However, the authors argue that a true appreciation of the origins and transformation of welfare regimes in developing countries calls for more extensive and systematic applications of the methods and approaches from the historical institutionalist toolkit and should incorporate greater attention to the role of non-state actors in the welfare mix.

scholarly journals Non-state Actors in the International Climate Change Regulatory Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-104
Author(s):  
Sina Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
International Climate ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Law Making ◽  
International Climate Change

Global climate governance is multilateral and involves both state and non-state actors. This study sets to identify the ways in which non-state actors can access and participate in the international climate change regime under the UNFCCC and the 2015 Paris Agreement and to evaluate how they can influence law-making processes and outcomes under the agreements. The study further provides recommendations on how the involvement of non-state actors can be improved under the agreements. The study emphasizes that under the UNFCCC, non-state actors have an important role in acting as intermediaries under the orchestration governance model and in participating to the Conference of Parties and under the Paris Agreement, by exerting influence on state’s nationally determined contributions. The study suggests that the role of non-state actors in formulating nationally determined contributions and in participating to the Conference of Parties should be further formalised and that the NAZCA portal should be improved.

scholarly journals Urban Informality in the Paris Climate Agreement: Content Analysis of the Nationally Determined Contributions of Highly Urbanized Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Rafael Núñez Collado ◽  
Han-Hsiang Wang ◽  
Tsung-Yi Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Urban Informality ◽  
Climate Policies ◽  
Nationally Determined Contributions ◽  
Paris Climate Agreement

Climate change related events affect informal settlements, or slums, disproportionally more than other areas in a city or country. This article investigates the role of slums in the nationally determined contributions (NDCs) for the Paris Agreement of a selected group of 28 highly urbanized developing countries. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze first the general content in these NDCs and second the proposed role, or lack thereof, of slums in these documents. The results show that for most of the analyzed countries, context-based climate policies for slums are not part of the strategies presented in the NDCs. We argue that a lack of policies involving informal settlements might limit the capacity of developing countries to contribute to the main goals of the Paris Agreement, as these settlements are significant portions of their urban populations. One of the hopeful prospects of the NDCs is that they will be reviewed in 2020 for the 26th Conference of the Parties (COP26). With this paper, we aim to stimulate discussions about the crucial role that informal settlements should play in the NDCs of developing countries in the background of the synergies required between climate change actions and sustainable development.

The Role of Non-State Actors in Reviewing Ambition, Implementation, and Compliance under the Paris Agreement

Climate Law ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harro van Asselt
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Valuable Contribution ◽  
State Actor ◽  
State Actors

Non-state actors will play a unique and crucial role in the implementation of the Paris Agreement. Although much of the focus in the lead-up to Paris was on the mitigation commitments and actions of non-state actors, this essay focuses on another valuable contribution they can make: to hold the parties to their obligations under the Paris Agreement. I argue that, while the formal avenues for non-state-actor participation in review processes—encompassing the review of implementation, compliance, and effectiveness—remain limited, there are several other ways in which non-state actors can be, and already have been, influential.1

mrv of Emissions and Mitigation Action: the Paris Agreement and Financial Support for Transparency-Related Capacity Building in Developing Countries

Climate Law ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 308-334
Author(s):  
Chrysa Alexandraki
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Climate Finance ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Mitigation Action ◽  
Financial Contributions

Abstract This article examines the role of the Paris Agreement in enabling developed-country financial contributions aimed at building transparency-related capacity in developing countries. It first analyses the legal means and institutional arrangements utilized by the Agreement to support developing countries in building transparency-related capacity. It then argues that even though the Agreement adopts certain legal and institutional means to foster transparency-related capacity building in developing countries through financial support, it does so in a way that risks undermining the meaningful and accountable use of climate finance, while softening the bindingness of the Agreement’s provisions. The lack of accountability obligations on climate finance for developing countries, the principle of flexibility, and the challenges intrinsic to climate finance, combine to weaken the climate-finance obligation, while calling into question the effectiveness of the Agreement.

Other Competition Laws: Shaping Factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-134
Author(s):  
David J. Gerber
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin America ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Technological Capacity ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Competition Laws

This chapter identifies factors that shape all competition law regimes. These “shaping factors” serve as guideposts that highlight relevant information about a regime (“here’s where to look”) and point to the most valuable questions to ask for understanding it. These include, for example: size, openness, and technological capacity of the economy; political and bureaucratic contexts of competition law; importance of the “rule of law”; and ideologies, culture, and religion, and global role of the state. A particularly influential shaping factor can create similarities among competition law regimes that are otherwise difficult to recognize. Three examples show the value of identifying such factors: East Asia (bureaucratic centralism), Latin America (embedded social stratification), and developing countries (recent colonialism). Recognizing these factors and their influence can be of great value in looking at any regime! The objective is to penetrate the details, make sense of them, and guide entry into and through them.

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