The Reliability and Validity of the Australian Moral Disengagement Scale

Background: The present study explored the reliability, validity, and factor structure of a modified version of the Moral Disengagement Scale (MDS), which comprehensively assesses proneness to disengage from different forms of conduct specific to Australian adolescents. Methods: A sample of 452 students (Mage = 12.79; SD = 1.93) completed the modified MDS and the Australian Self-Report Delinquency Scale. A multistep approach was used to evaluate the factor structure of the MDS. The sample was divided into exploratory (n = 221) and cross-validation samples (n = 231). Principal component analysis was conducted with the exploratory sample and multiple factor solutions compared to determine the optimal factor structure of the modified MDS. The final factor solution was confirmed in the cross-validation sample using confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency of the final scale and convergent validity with the delinquency questionnaire was also assessed. Results: Analyses resulted in a 22-item MDS for use in Australia, with four factors mapping onto the four conceptual categories of moral disengagement. The individual subscales demonstrated adequate to good internal consistency, and the total scale also demonstrated high internal consistency (α = 0.87). Convergent validity of the scale was established. Conclusions: The 22-item Australian MDS is a reliable and valid instrument for use within an Australian population.

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Psychometric properties of the HIV/AIDS Knowledge Scale for Spanish adolescents (HIV-KS) / Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Conocimientos sobre VIH/SIDA para adolescentes (VIH-KS)

Health and Addictions/Salud y Drogas ◽

10.21134/haaj.v9i2.42 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

José P. Espada ◽

Tania B. Huedo-Medina ◽

Mireia Orgilés ◽

Roberto Secades ◽

Rafael Ballester ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Self Report ◽

Internal Reliability ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Aids Knowledge ◽

Knowledge Scale ◽

Hiv Aids

El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en desarrollar y analizar las propiedades psicométricas de una escala multidimensional para evaluar los conocimientos relacionados con el VIH/SIDA en adolescentes (Escala de conocimientos sobre VIH/SIDA, HIV-KS). Tras un estudio piloto se administró un cuestionario de 48 ítems a una muestra de 14 centros escolares de 5 provincias españolas. Se puso a prueba la estructura teórica del cuestionario mediante un análisis de componentes principales al que se le aplicó un análisis confirmatorio. Se analizó la validez convergente y discriminante y la fiabilidad de la escala y, finalmente, se procedió a comprobar su invarianza factorial en función del género y la edad con una muestra de 1216 participantes. La versión final de HIV-KS estuvo compuesta por 10 ítems distribuidos en 3 factores principales. Los factores incluidos fueron (1) Transmisión oral del VIH, (2) Efectos del VIH, y (3) Otras vías de transmisión del VIH. La escala HIV-KS muestra invarianza en función del género y la edad y buena consistencia interna. HIV-KS es una escala capaz de evaluar de forma rápida y eficaz el grado de conocimientos sobre VIH/SIDA en población adolescente. Absctract This paper aims to describe the development process, the factor structure, the reliability and validity of a multidimensional scale to measure HIV/AIDS-related knowledge for adolescents (HIV/AIDS Knowledge Scale, HIV-KS). After a pilot study of the items, a questionnaire of 28 items was administered to a sample from 14 different schools in 5 counties in Spain. Firstly, Principal-component analysis was used: first, to test a theory-driven structure and second, to develop an empirically derived factor structure for HIV-KS, which was tested with a confirmatory factor analysis. Secondly, reliability and convergent and discriminant validity were examined and finally, the factorial invariance was analyzed according to gender and age with a sample of 1,216 Spanish adolescents.The final version of the HIV-KS consists of 10 items distributed across three major factors. The factors included are: (1) HIV oral transmission, (2) HIV effects, and (3) other HIV transmission methods. The HIV-KS is invariant across gender and age and shows good validity and internal reliability. HIV-KS is a capable and parsimonious self-report scale for assessing main aspects of HIV/AIDS-related knowledge for adolescents.

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Psychometric properties of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory in a sample of Brazilian university students

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy ◽

10.1590/2237-6089-2017-0050 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 292-299

Author(s):

Thiago Loreto Garcia da Silva ◽

Victoria Guimarães Ramos ◽

Julia Candia Donat ◽

Fernando Rainho de Oliveira ◽

Gustavo Gauer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Big Five Model ◽

Posttraumatic Growth Inventory

Abstract Objective: To examine psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI). Method: A total of 300 university students were evaluated though instruments that investigated trauma history, depression and posttraumatic symptoms, and personality traits through the Big Five model. Pearson's correlation was used to assess internal consistency, inter-item reliability and construct validity. Principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed to investigate the factor structure of the PTGI. Results: Results confirmed the original five-factor structure. The results showed good internal consistency for the total scale (α = 0.91) and its subscales, ranging from α = 0.85 to α = 0.70. Also, evidence of construct and convergent validity was observed through correlations with posttraumatic and depression symptoms and personality measures. Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that the Brazilian PTGI is reliable and showed adequate evidence of validity.

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The H&F-Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale 13 (H&F-MSP13): Construct and convergent validity

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.771 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. s287-s287

Author(s):

M.J. Soares ◽

A.T. Pereira ◽

A. Araújo ◽

D. Silva ◽

J. Valente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Principal Component Analysis ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Varimax Rotation ◽

Valid Instrument ◽

Good Internal Consistency ◽

Explained Variance ◽

Competing Interest

IntroductionThe Hewitt and Flett Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (H&F-MPS) is one of the most used measures of perfectionism. Their 45-items evaluate self-Oriented (SOP), Self-Prescribed (SPP), and Other Oriented (OOP) perfectionism.ObjectivesTo study the internal consistency and convergent validity of the H&F-MSP13.MethodsOne hundred and ninety-two university students (78.1% females), aged 19.74 years (sd = 2.10; range: 17–28) completed the Portuguese versions of H&F-MPS (Soares et al., 2003) and of Frost et al. MPS (F-MPS) (Amaral et al., 2013). Thirteen items were selected from the Portuguese version of the H&F-MPS, based on their loading in the factor (0.60 and over) (Soares et al., 2003).ResultsThe H&FMPS13 revealed good internal consistency (α = 0.816). The corrected item-total subscale Spearman's correlations were high (from 0.418 to 0.820). The principal component analysis with factors varimax rotation produced three factors, which revealed acceptable/good internal consistency (SOP: explained variance/EV = 35.4%, α = .900; SPP: EV = 16.3%, α = 0.695; OOP: EV = 10.8%, α = 0.709). The correlations between the H&F-MSP13 scores and the matching scores of the H&F-MPS were high (from r = 0.745 to r = 0.945, all P < .01), suggesting that both scales measure similarly the constructs. The H&F-MSP13 and the H&F-MPS total scores demonstrate good convergent validity with the total score of F-MPS, as indicated by the correlations (r = 0.581/r = 0.636, respectively). The correlations similarities between the H&F-MSP13 and H&F-MSP dimensions and the F-MPS dimensions and total scores were also considerable.ConclusionsThe H&F-MSP13 is a valid instrument to measure perfectionism that reveals convergent validity with the F-MPS, retaining the adequate psychometric properties of the H&F-MPS and its administration is less time consuming.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Measuring Intergroup Forgiveness: The Enright Group Forgiveness Inventory

Peace and Conflict Studies ◽

10.46743/1082-7307/2020.1614 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Robert Enright ◽

Julie Johnson ◽

Fu Na ◽

Tomaz Erzar ◽

Matthew Hirshberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Group Dynamics ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Self Report ◽

Group Level ◽

Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽

Intergroup Forgiveness ◽

The Individual ◽

The Relationship

Until recently, researchers operationalized and measured the psychological construct of forgiveness at the individual, rather than the group, level. Social psychologists started applying forgiveness to groups and examining the role intergroup forgiveness may have in conflict resolution and peace efforts. Initial attempts to define and measure forgiveness at the group level either assumed individual and group capacities were the same, or insufficiently described what intergroup forgiveness meant. We developed a new measure of intergroup forgiveness, and a novel group administration process, that operationalized the construct in a philosophically coherent way. Our conceptualization of intergroup forgiveness was rooted in what groups, as opposed to the individuals who compose them, have the capacity to do. We collected data on the psychometric properties of the measure with 595 participants in three different geographic and cultural settings. We assessed the factor structure, internal consistency, and validity of the measure. We also assessed a novel group-based method of administering the measure to better understand the relationship between group based reports and self-reports of intergroup forgiveness. The factor structure of the measure was supported, and the measure had strong internal consistency, as well as convergent and discriminant validity. The group administration process revealed important group dynamics and was not statistically different than a standard self-report administration; this finding has important implications for research and practice.

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Internal consistency and factor structure of the adherence scale for alcoholics anonymous

Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) ◽

10.1590/s0103-166x2011000100011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 107-113 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mauro Barbosa Terra ◽

Helena Maria Tannhauser Barros ◽

Airton Tetelbom Stein ◽

Ivan Figueira ◽

Luciana Dias Athayde ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Alcoholics Anonymous ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Principal Component ◽

Factor Loading ◽

Attitude Inventory ◽

Adherence Scale ◽

Valid Instrument ◽

Drug Attitude Inventory

The objective of the article was to estimate the internal consistency and factor structure of the Adherence Scale for Alcoholics Anonymous Groups. The scale was applied to 257 alcoholic patients who had been admitted for treatment in 3 hospitals in Porto Alegre, about 6 months earlier. The scale was produced based on an adaptation of the Drug Attitude Inventory Scale. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach alpha. Data were subjected to a principal component analysis. The coefficient of internal consistency was 0.71. All items showed corrected item-total correlation coefficients above 0.29. Questionnaire items with factor loading of 0.57 or above were considered in the final factor solution. The factor analysis resulted in 2 dimensions which corresponded to 67.01% of the total variance. This scale appears to be a valid instrument for use in a population of alcoholic patients.

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Validation of the Dutch Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q-NL)

10.31234/osf.io/f8md9 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wikke van der Putten ◽

Joost Agelink van Rentergem ◽

Tulsi Radhoe ◽

Carolien Torenvliet ◽

Annabeth Groenman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Measurement Invariance ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Autistic Traits ◽

Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Self Report ◽

Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽

Dutch Translation

Camouflaging behavior is defined as using strategies to hide autistic characteristics. In the present study, we investigate the psychometric properties of a self-report questionnaire measuring camouflaging behavior: the Dutch translation of the Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire (CAT-Q-NL). In total, 674 individuals (of which 356 autistic) aged 30 to 92, filled out the CAT-Q-NL and the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). In addition, we administered the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS-2) in a subsample of 90 autistic adults. We executed preregistered analyses (AsPredicted #37800) to investigate the factor structure, measurement invariance, internal consistency and group differences. Convergent validity was assessed by comparing the CAT-Q-NL to the discrepancy between the AQ and ADOS-2. We found an acceptable fit for the original three-factor structure and sufficient to good internal consistency for total and factor scores. However, we did not find measurement invariance between autistic and non-autistic individuals. Correlations between CAT-Q-NL-scores and the discrepancy between AQ and ADOS-2 varied between low to mediocre (r = .04 to .28). Therefore, more research is needed into the convergent validity of the CAT-Q-NL. We conclude that the CAT-Q-NL can be used to measure camouflaging behavior within and between autistic individuals, but not between autistic and non-autistic individuals.

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Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: Factor Structure, Internal Consistency and Convergent Validity in Patients with Dizziness

Audiology and Neurotology ◽

10.1159/000438740 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 394-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Erin G. Piker ◽

David M. Kaylie ◽

Douglas Garrison ◽

Debara L. Tucci

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Self Report ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Hospital Anxiety ◽

Dizziness Handicap Inventory ◽

Unselected Group ◽

Outpatient Settings

Psychiatric comorbidities, particularly anxiety-related pathologies, are often observed in dizzy patients. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used self-report instrument used to screen for anxiety and depression in medical outpatient settings. The purpose of this study was to assess the factor structure, internal consistency and convergent validity of the HADS in an unselected group of patients with dizziness. The HADS and the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were administered to 205 dizzy patients. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted and indicated a 3-factor structure, inconsistent with the 2-subscale structure (i.e. anxiety and depression) of the HADS. The total scale was found to be internally consistent, and convergent validity, as assessed using the DHI, was acceptable. Overall findings suggest that the HADS should not be used as a tool for psychiatric differential diagnosis, but rather as a helpful screener for general psychiatric distress in the two domains of psychiatric illness most germane in dizzy patients.

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Psychometric Properties of the Multicultural Counselling Competence Training Survey-Revised (MCCTS-R): Application for Counsellor Trainees in Malaysia

Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.47836/pjssh.29.s1.09 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Maizatul Mardiana Harun ◽

Wan Marzuki Wan Jaafar ◽

Asmah Ismail ◽

Sidek Mohd Noah

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Factor Structure ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

High Reliability ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Structure Reliability ◽

Multicultural Counselling ◽

Starting Point ◽

Competence Training

The purpose of this study is to examine the reliability and validity of the translated and adapted Multicultural Counselling Competence and Training Survey-Revised (MCCTS-R) for its use in measuring perceived multicultural counselling competence among counsellor trainees in Malaysia. This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 208 counsellor trainees from local universities. They were chosen through cluster random sampling. The drawing procedure was done using a fishbowl method. At the time of data collection, the counsellor trainees were at the end of their counselling internship in various organisations around Klang Valley and East Malaysia during the study. Based on the factor analysis, the three-factor structure, which was the same as the original version, was confirmed with 20 items retained. For reliability, internal consistency and construct reliability were evaluated and confirmed. The finding showed that internal consistency was α = .952 and construct reliability was .882. In addition, MCCTS-R was found to have good construct validity based on the corrected item-total correlation value, which varied from r = .533 - .756. The convergent validity value obtained from the confirmatory factor analysis was .714. Overall, the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the adapted MCCTS-R were all confirmed in this study. The high reliability and good validity indicate that MCCTS-R can successfully be used by counsellor trainees across gender and ethnicity. The findings can be a starting point for multicultural counselling to gain greater focus from the counselling academia and professionals as it gives a mere reflection of counsellor trainees perceived multicultural counselling competence.

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Validation of the Digital Eye Strain Questionnaire and pilot application to online gaming addicts

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/11206721211073262 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 112067212110732

Author(s):

Ioanna Mylona ◽

Mikes N. Glynatsis ◽

Maria Dermenoudi ◽

Nikolaos M. Glynatsis ◽

Georgios D Floros

Keyword(s):

Convergent Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

Self Report ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Gaming Addiction ◽

Clinical Criteria ◽

Computer Vision Syndrome ◽

Explained Variance

Introduction ‘Digital eye strain’ (DES) is a clinical syndrome with eyesight symptoms related to continuous engagement in front of a screen-enabled digital device. With use of these devices constantly on the rise, the related symptoms have become prominent, even in younger ages. This study describes the process of validating the Digital Eye Strain Questionnaire (DESQ), a thirteen-item self-report scale in a yes-no format designed to offer a measure of complaints related to digital eye strain syndrome (DES). Methods The validation process included 150 outpatients with no long-standing eye disease who were examined for various eye complaints and 50 outpatients who were diagnosed with gaming addiction according to WHO ICD-11 clinical criteria. All participants filled in a demographics questionnaire, the DESQ, the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q) and the Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire-9 (PIUQ-9). Results Principal component analysis of categorical variables confirmed the proposed three-factor DES structure with a total of 61.02% of explained variance and Cronbach's alpha equal to.94. Concurrent validity was assessed by comparing the results of the DESQ to the CVS-Q while convergent validity was assessed by examining correlations of the DESQ with results from the PIUQ-9 questionnaire. In all cases the DESQ demonstrated excellent reliability and validity. Conclusions Results indicate that the DESQ questionnaire can be employed to reliably measure the symptomatology of digital eye strain in clinical populations who present either with eye issues or with excessive use of the gaming and screen-enabled devices in general.

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FACTOR STRUCTURE OF THE UPDATED ILLINOIS RAPE MYTH ACCEPTANCE SCALE IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT

Psychological Thought ◽

10.37708/psyct.v14i1.546 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 56-73

Author(s):

Ivan Das ◽

Anjana Bhattacharjee

Keyword(s):

Factor Structure ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Rape Myth Acceptance ◽

The Other ◽

Rape Myth ◽

Indian Context ◽

Acceptance Scale ◽

Myth Acceptance

This study explores the factor structure and the other psychometric properties of the updated Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale (IRMAS), in the Indian context. The sample was collected from 429 college and university students in the state of Tripura in India. All the items in the original scale were retained and five major factors were revealed by Principal Component Analysis. The model was deemed to be a good fit by the estimates of Confirmatory Factor Analysis. All the five factors derived were found to be reliable. The divergent validity of the study was verified; however, the convergent validity was ascribed from the high composite reliability of the factors. Different other measures like item-total, inter-item correlation strengthened the foundation of reliability and validity of the scale. The full scale was found to possess satisfactory reliability. The gender difference in the total test scores was assessed and found to be significant. The other details are discussed herein.

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