scholarly journals Linked Lives: The Experiences of Family Caregivers During the Transition from Hospital to Home Following Traumatic Brain Injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Nalder ◽  
Jennifer Fleming ◽  
Petrea Cornwell ◽  
Michele Foster
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Community Reentry ◽  
Linked Lives ◽  
Framework Approach ◽  
Hospital To Home ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Meaningful Relationships

The transition from hospital to home following traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been identified as the point where responsibility for care shifts from rehabilitation services to informal family caregivers. There has, however, been little research examining the experiences of family members during this important transition that involves adopting or, in some cases, resuming a caring role (e.g., a parent caring for an adult child). The aim of this qualitative investigation was to understand the experiences of family caregivers during the transition from hospital to home, defined as the first six months postdischarge. The sample included 10 family caregivers, of which all were female and either a mother, spouse or ex-partner of an individual with TBI. Semistructured interviews were conducted on average nine months following community reentry and data were analysed thematically using a framework approach. The overarching theme was that caregivers wished to move past the injury. This desire to move forward stemmed from a realisation of how their life had changed and the weight of the care responsibility. Caregivers were also aware of how the life of the individual with a TBI had changed and hoped for a return to normality (by regaining independence, engaging in meaningful occupation and having meaningful relationships). Implications of the findings for research and clinical practice are discussed. There is a need for services to support family caregivers during the transition from hospital to home.

The Potential of a Narrative and Creative Arts Approach to Enhance Transition Outcomes for Indigenous Australians Following Traumatic Brain Injury

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
India Bohanna ◽  
Michelle Fitts ◽  
Katrina Bird ◽  
Jennifer Fleming ◽  
John Gilroy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Creative Arts ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Indigenous Australian ◽  
Hospital To Home ◽  
The Individual

AbstractBackground:Increasingly, narrative and creative arts approaches are being used to enhance recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Narrative and arts-based approaches congruent with Indigenous storytelling may therefore provide benefit during the transition from hospital to home for some Indigenous TBI patients. This qualitative study explored the use and impact of this approach as part of a larger, longitudinal study of TBI transition with Indigenous Australians.Method:A combined narrative and arts-based approach was used with one Indigenous Australian artist to describe his transition experiences following TBI. Together with the researchers and filmmaking team, the artist was involved in aspects of the process. The artist contributed two paintings, detailing the story of his life and TBI. Based on the artworks, a film was co-created. Following the viewing of the film, impacts of the narrative and arts-based process were examined through semi-structured interviews with the artist, a service provider and a family member. Multiple sources of data were used in the final thematic analysis including transcripts of the interviews and filming, paintings (including storylines) and researcher notes.Results:Positive impacts from the process for the artist included positive challenge; healing and identity; understanding TBI and raising awareness.Discussion:This approach may enable the individual to take ownership over their transition story and to make sense of their life following TBI at a critical point in their recovery. A combined narrative and arts-based approach has potential as a culturally responsive rehabilitation tool for use with Indigenous Australians during the transition period following TBI.

Predictors of Emotional Distress in Family Caregivers of Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelle M. Sander ◽  
Kacey Little Maestas ◽  
Allison N. Clark ◽  
Whitney N. Havins
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Class B ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Severe Tbi

The purpose of the current paper was to conduct a systematic review of the literature on predictors of emotional distress in caregivers of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to provide evidence-based classification for prognostic variables to guide future research and clinical practice. A search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO databases. The citations of resulting articles were also reviewed. Twenty-eight articles met inclusion criteria and were retained for review. Reviews were conducted in accordance with the 2011 edition of the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) Guidelines for classifying evidence for prognostic studies. Data abstraction revealed one Class I study, four Class II studies, eight Class III studies, and 15 Class IV studies. Results of the review indicated that caregivers’ report of neurobehavioural problems in the person with injury is a probable predictor of emotional distress for caregivers of persons with complicated mild, moderate or severe TBI (Class B evidence). The level of participation in the person with injury, level of support needed by the person with injury, and family systems functioning are probably predictors of emotional distress for caregivers of persons with severe TBI (Class B evidence). Executive functioning impairment in the person with injury, pre-injury emotional distress in caregivers, caregiver age, caregivers’ use of emotion-focused coping, and social support may possibly be risk factors for caregivers’ emotional distress (Class C evidence). Recommendations for future research and implications for assessment and treatment of family caregivers are discussed.

scholarly journals He Looks Normal But … Challenges of Family Caregivers of Veterans Diagnosed with a Traumatic Brain Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 277-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Saban ◽  
Nancy S. Hogan ◽  
Timothy P. Hogan ◽  
Theresa Louise-Bender Pape
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Family Caregivers

scholarly journals A 3D Tissue Model of Traumatic Brain Injury with Excitotoxicity That Is Inhibited by Chronic Exposure to Gabapentinoids

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1196
Author(s):  
Nicolas Rouleau ◽  
Mattia Bonzanni ◽  
Joshua D. Erndt-Marino ◽  
Katja Sievert ◽  
Camila G. Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Secondary Brain Injury ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Injury Progression

Injury progression associated with cerebral laceration is insidious. Following the initial trauma, brain tissues become hyperexcitable, begetting further damage that compounds the initial impact over time. Clinicians have adopted several strategies to mitigate the effects of secondary brain injury; however, higher throughput screening tools with modular flexibility are needed to expedite mechanistic studies and drug discovery that will contribute to the enhanced protection, repair, and even the regeneration of neural tissues. Here we present a novel bioengineered cortical brain model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that displays characteristics of primary and secondary injury, including an outwardly radiating cell death phenotype and increased glutamate release with excitotoxic features. DNA content and tissue function were normalized by high-concentration, chronic administrations of gabapentinoids. Additional experiments suggested that the treatment effects were likely neuroprotective rather than regenerative, as evidenced by the drug-mediated decreases in cell excitability and an absence of drug-induced proliferation. We conclude that the present model of traumatic brain injury demonstrates validity and can serve as a customizable experimental platform to assess the individual contribution of cell types on TBI progression, as well as to screen anti-excitotoxic and pro-regenerative compounds.

Serendipity and the Subdural Hematoma

Biofeedback ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Jay Gunkelman
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Word Finding ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Effect Of Age

Abstract Mild traumatic brain injury is often missed in the course of treating other injuries. This failure to identify the brain injury can be critically important, even life threatening. This report shows one such case in which the brain injury was overlooked, possibly because of the differential effect of age on the severity of the damage incurred from what appeared to be a mild trauma. Distant to the time of the injury, deficits in speech fluency and word finding led the individual to seek further evaluation, and imaging studies revealed a large subdural hematoma. CT scan images are included.

Employer and Counselor Perceptions of Workplace Accommodations for Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. Michaels ◽  
Donald A. Risucci
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Rehabilitation Services Administration ◽  
Counselor Perceptions ◽  
Workplace Accommodations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

This study compared employers' and vocational rehabilitation counselors' attitudes and willingness to consider various workplace accommodations for individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). In addition to comparing what types of accommodations might be considered reasonable, the study also investigated both employers' and counselors' lack of willingness to make various accommodations. Lack of willingness to make accommodations was addressed in terms of the three most commonly offered reasons for why an accommodation is potentially not reasonable: (a) not fair to co-workers, (b) too time consuming, and (c) too costly. Scenarios were developed to directly gather information on potential accommodations for workers who displayed functional limitations within the seven capacity areas mentioned by the Rehabilitation Services Administration in their definition of severe disability. While for the most part counselors' views tended to be similar to those of employers, in general counselors tended to rate accommodations as more problematic than employers. In addition, counselors tended to view functional limitations within the individual as most problematic while employers viewed limitations in actual job performance as most problematic.

Understanding Traumatic Brain Injury From a Gestalt Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Edmund Degeneffe
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Service System ◽  
Gestalt Therapy ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselors ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Unfinished Business ◽  
Rehabilitation Counselor

This article proposes ways in which the theories, philosophies, and techniques of Gestalt therapy can assist rehabilitation counselors to better understand traumatic brain injury (TBI). The article describes the central tenets of Gestalt therapy and its unique fit to TBI. Discussion focuses on how an appreciation of Gestalt therapy can assist rehabilitation counselors to understand and address the psychological, familial, and service system implications of TBI. A conceptual framework is presented on the pathways of maladjustment and adjustment to living with TBI from a Gestalt perspective. A central assumption of this model is that without intervention, the onset of TBI activates a process of maladjustment for many persons with TBI and their family caregivers expressed by fragmentation, unfinished business, and lack of self-awareness. The model underscores the importance of rehabilitation counselor attention on both individual and contextual levels.

The Relationship Between Coping and Psychological Adjustment in Family Caregivers of Individuals With Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm I. Anderson ◽  
Grahame K. Simpson ◽  
Maysaa Daher ◽  
Lucinda Matheson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Ways Of Coping Questionnaire ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
American Academy Of Neurology ◽  
Class Iv

A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the association between coping (as measured by the Ways of Coping Questionnaire [WOCQ]) and psychological adjustment in caregivers of individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). A search conducted using the CINAHL, Medline, and PsycINFO databases yielded 201 citations between 1974 and 2014. A total of seven articles met the inclusion criteria; namely, the respondents who completed the WOCQ were family caregivers of individuals with TBI (including 66-item, 42-item, or 21-item versions). Reviews were conducted in accordance with the American Academy of Neurology guidelines (2011) for classifying evidence. The results found no Class 1 or Class II studies but only four Class III and three Class IV studies. The major finding across the better-rated Class III studies was that the use of emotion-focused coping and problem-focused coping was possibly associated with psychological adjustment in caregivers. The Class IV studies were determined to be inadequate or conflicting in determining the association between coping and psychological adjustment. Future studies need to employ carefully crafted designs, adhere to statistical procedure, apply advanced analytic techniques, and employ explicit models of coping, which will increase the accuracy and generalizability of the findings.

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