Key instruments of private environmental finance: funds, project finance and market mechanisms

Author(s):  
Magnus Jesko Langer
2007 ◽  
pp. 4-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ershov

Growing involvement of Russian economy in international economic sphere increases the role of external risks. Financial problems which the developed countries are encountered with today result in volatility of Russian stock market, liquidity problems for banks, unstable prices. These factors in total may put longer-term prospects of economic growth in jeopardy. Monetary, foreign exchange and stock market mechanisms become the centerpiece of economic policy approaches which should provide for stable development in the shaky environment.


2009 ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
G. Rapoport ◽  
A. Guerts

In the article the global crisis of 2008-2009 is considered as superposition of a few regional crises that occurred simultaneously but for different reasons. However, they have something in common: developed countries tend to maintain a strong level of social security without increasing the real production output. On the one hand, this policy has resulted in trade deficit and partial destruction of market mechanisms. On the other hand, it has clashed with the desire of several oil and gas exporting countries to receive an exclusive price for their energy resources.


2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-84
Author(s):  
Min HAN
Keyword(s):  

2007 ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Anna Korombel
Keyword(s):  

W artykule przedstawiono ryzyko towarzyszące inwestycjom realizowanym na zasadach project finance w polskiej energetyce cieplnej. Posłużono się przykładem projektu unowocześnienia systemu zaopatrzenia w energię cieplną obiektów Spółdzielni Mieszkaniowej realizowanego metodą project finance. Przedstawiono rodzaje ryzyka (techniczne, rynkowe, finansowe, infrastruktury, ochrony środowiska, prawne, polityczne, siły wyższej) wraz z zastosowanymi przez strony inwestycji sposobami ich ograniczania. Zwrócono również uwagę na przyjętą w projekcie alokację ryzyka między uczestnikami inwestycji.


2013 ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Duong Pham Bao

The objective of this article is to review the development of the rural financial system in Vietnam in recent years, especially, after Doi moi. There are two opposite schools of thought in the literature on rural credit policies in developing countries. One is the conventional supply-side (government-led) approach while the other is called “a new paradigm” that emphasizes the importance of the viability of financial providers and the well functioning of rural credit markets. Conventional theories of rural finance contend that rural finance in low-income countries is generally accompanied by many failures. Contrary to these theories, rural finance in Vietnam does not encounter the above-mentioned failures so far. Up to the present time, it is progressing well. Using a supply-side approach, methodologically, this study reviews the development of the rural financial system in Vietnam. The significance of this study is to challenge the extreme view of dichotomizing between the old and the new credit paradigms. Analysis in this study contends that a rural financial market that, (1) is initiated and spurred by government; (2) operates principally under market mechanisms; and (3) is strongly supported by rural organizations (semi-formal/informal institutions) can progress stably and well. Therefore, the extremely dichotomizing approach must be avoided.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2485-2492
Author(s):  
M.H.Kh. Al-Shaeli ◽  

Author(s):  
N.I. Chovgan ◽  
◽  
O.S. Akupiyan ◽  

The development of the modern capital market and innovative technologies, including in the financial sector, creates the need to expand the research areas of the reproduction process and individual mechanisms that support it. Financial institutions are constantly required participants in responsible financing. Investors’ expectations regarding investments in environmental production and technologies reorient capital flows to these areas, and schemes for attracting financial resources and distributing risks in the process of implementing the principles of sustainable development are considered as unified. The article analyzes transformations and reviews the existing experience of forming appropriate mechanisms, justifies the functioning of the most effective ones. Among the investment and financial mechanisms of the “green” economy, the most important are budget investment mechanisms and financial market mechanisms. The mechanisms of the stock, credit and insurance markets are identified as components of the financial market mechanisms.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Nurul Qomariyah

Violations of business ethics that occur at this time, become a problem in itself. One of the factors supporting the occurrence of these violations is due to lack of basic knowledge about business ethics and the freedom of business people in carrying out economic activities, as a result many business people are competing in improving market mechanisms, Business should be assessed from a moral standpoint, just like all other human activities also seen from a moral standpoint. Because when not looking at the moral aspect of doing business, business people only think about how to increase sales turnover, and not only increase turnover, but also do things that are not ethical, such as: bribery, corruption, collusion and nepotism, it makes people uneasy . Adverse effects that will occur if a company is immoral and enforces the norms that apply in business ethics then it can have an impact on consumers' distrust of their products and can complicate business development again. Key words : Violation, Bussines ethic, case


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