scholarly journals Health insurance drop-out among adult population: findings from a study in a Health and demographic surveillance system in Northern Vietnam 2006–2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Van Minh ◽  
Tran Quynh Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thuy Nga
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
Poor Households

The coverage of health insurance as measured by enrollment rates has increased significantly in Vietnam. However, maintaining health insurance to the some groups such as the farmer, the borderline poor and informal workers, etc. has been very challenging. This paper examines the situation of health insurance drop-out among the adult population in sub-rural areas of Northern Vietnam from 2006 to 2013, and analyzes several socio-economic correlates of the health insurance drop-out situation. Data used in this paper were obtained from Health and Demographic Surveillance System located in Chi Linh district, an urbanizing area, in a northern province of Vietnam. Descriptive analyses were used to describe the level and distribution of the health insurance drop-out status. Multiple logistic regressions were used to assess associations between the health insurance drop-out status and the independent variables. A total of 32 561 adults were investigated. We found that the cumulative percentage of health insurance drop-out among the study participants was 21.2%. Health insurance drop-out rates were higher among younger age groups, people with lower education, and those who worked as small trader and other informal jobs, and belonged to the non-poor households. Given the findings, further attention toward health insurance among these special populations is needed.

Sociodemographic differentials in mortality during the 1974–75 famine in a rural area of Bangladesh

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdur Razzaque
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Registration Data ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Household Socioeconomic Status

SummaryThis study investigates the socio-demographic differentials in mortality during the 1974–75 famine in a rural area of Bangladesh. It is based on household socioeconomic information collected in the 1974 census and registration data on births, deaths and migrations for the period 1974–79 from the Demographic Surveillance System of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. Ownership of selected household items was considered in the analysis as an indicator of household socioeconomic status. Mortality was 62% higher during the famine period and 31% higher during the post-famine period compared to the non-famine period. The mortality of both the poor and the rich increased during the famine period, by 117% and 28% respectively compared to the non-famine period. The poor suffered significantly in all age groups except 5–14 years, while the rich suffered only for ages 65 and over. Poor males suffered more than poor females except for ages 65 and over, while rich females suffered more than rich males except for ages under 1 year.

scholarly journals Estimation of the incidence of MRSA patients: evaluation of a surveillance system using health insurance claim data

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (11) ◽  
pp. 2260-2267 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. TANIHARA ◽  
S. SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Claim Data ◽  
Sentinel Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Insurance Claim ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Insurance Claim Data ◽  
Using Data

SUMMARYBecause sentinel surveillance systems cannot obtain information about patients who visit non-sentinel medical facilities, the characteristics of patients identified by these systems may be biased. In this study, we evaluated the representativeness of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) surveillance system using health insurance claim (HIC) data, which does not depend on physician notification. We calculated the age-specific incidence of MRSA patients using data from the Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (JANIS) programme, which is based on sentinel surveillance systems, and inpatient HICs submitted to employee health insurance organizations in 2011, and then computed age-specific incidence ratios between the HIC and JANIS data. Age-specific MRSA incidence in both datasets followed J-shaped curves with similar shapes. For all age groups, the ratios between HIC and JANIS data were around 10. These findings indicate that JANIS notification of MRSA cases was not affected by patients’ age.

scholarly journals Establishment of a voluntary electronic Chlamydia trachomatis laboratory surveillance system in Germany, 2008 to 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Dudareva-Vizule ◽  
Karin Haar ◽  
Andrea Sailer ◽  
Klaus Jansen ◽  
Osamah Hamouda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Patient Information ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Statutory Health Insurance ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Laboratory Surveillance

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections are not reportable in Germany and limited data on prevalence are available. CT screening has been offered free of charge to pregnant women since 1995 and to all women under 25 years since 2008. For symptomatic women and men, diagnostic testing is covered by statutory health insurance. We describe the establishment of a nationwide, laboratory-based, voluntary sentinel that electronically collects information on all performed CT tests with test results, test reason and patient information. The sentinel represents one third of all performed CT tests in Germany. In the period from 2008 to 2014, 3,877,588 CT tests were reported, 93% in women. Women aged 20–24 years and men aged 25–29 years were the most frequently tested age groups. The overall proportion of positive tests (PPT) among women was 3.9% and among men 11.0%. The highest PPT among women was in the age groups 15–19 (6.8%) and 20–24 years (5.9%), and among men in the age groups 20–24 (19.2%), 15–19 (15.4%) and 25–29 years (14.8%). The PPT for CT was high among women and men younger than 25 years. Prevention is urgently needed. Monitoring of CT infection in Germany should be continued.

scholarly journals Assessment of multi-dimensional poverty in Quang Ngai province

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. first
Author(s):  
Phát Đinh Huỳnh
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multidimensional Poverty ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Poverty Status

According to the multidimensional poverty line applied for the period 2016 - 2020, the quality of life of impoverished people in Quang Ngai province was dramatically low, forcing residents to face up to a serious shortage of basic social needs. Poverty in terms of their income was the main factor in the poverty structure of Quang Ngai province (generally over 90% of the total poor households). By 2020, the number of poor households who missed the criteria of hygienic toilets was the highest, accounting for 59.59% of the total number of poor households. The figures for the inaccessibility of the marginalized to basic needs were disproportionately high, with 40.64% people lacking telecommunications services such as telephones or the Internet, 40.59% using unhygienic water sources, 35.09% having a housing area per capita of less than 8 square meters and 33.53% living in temporary houses. The indicator with the least deficiency rate was the children’s schooling status and access to health services. However, the number of households whose members did not possess health insurance was extremely high, which might potentially bear the risk of households falling back into the poverty status when a member of the family gets a disease. Changes in multidimensional poverty show that although urban areas have a high rate of people escaping from poverty, the rate of households falling back to poverty status is also higher than that of rural areas; The rate of households falling into poverty in rural areas is much higher than that in urban areas. The Covid 19 pandemic and natural disasters which occurred in 2020 also significantly contributed to increasing the number of poor households. In order to reduce poverty and improve people's capacity to access basic social services, Quang Ngai province needs to pay attention to creating livelihoods, promoting the achievements of education universalization and the health insurance system, and improving the efficiency of investment in infrastructure on the basis of integrating the Target Programs.

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke in Kanchanaburi Demographic Surveillance System, Thailand

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varachai Thongthai ◽  
Philip Guest ◽  
Chanya Sethaput
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Exposure To Secondhand Smoke

Using data from the Kanchanaburi demographic surveillance system in Thailand, this article documents that tobacco smoke affects 60% of the population. The main effect is through exposure to secondhand smoke. More than half of men are smokers compared with only one tenth of women. Most men tend to start smoking during their teenage years, whereas the majority of women start at later ages. The majority of households are exposed to secondhand smoke. The highest level of exposure is in rural areas. Smokers are most likely to be male and older, but those exposed to secondhand smoke tend to be female and younger. Exposure to secondhand smoke is more likely to occur in households with lower socioeconomic status. Logistic regression analysis supports 2 study hypotheses: that children and women are the most affected by secondhand smoke, and household factors are the most important factors affecting the exposure to secondhand smoke.

scholarly journals Changing childhood malnutrition in Bangladesh: trends over the last two decades in urban–rural differentials (1993–2012)

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1718-1727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumon Kumar Das ◽  
Mohammod Jobayer Chisti ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Malek ◽  
Jui Das ◽  
Mohammed Abdus Salam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Childhood Malnutrition ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Disease Research ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Weight For Age

AbstractObjectiveThe present study determined trends in malnutrition among under-5 children in urban and rural areas of Bangladesh.DesignSurveillance.SettingThe study was conducted in the urban Dhaka and the rural Matlab hospitals of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, where every fiftieth patient and all patients coming from the Health and Demographic Surveillance System were enrolled.SubjectsA total of 28 816 under-5 children were enrolled at Dhaka from 1993 to 2012 and 11 533 at Matlab between 2000 and 2012.ResultsIn Dhaka, 46 % of the children were underweight, 39 % were stunted and 28 % were wasted. In Matlab, the corresponding figures were 39 %, 31 % and 26 %, respectively. At Dhaka, 0·5 % of the children were overweight and obese when assessed by weight-for-age Z-score >+2·00, 1·4 % by BMI-for-age Z-score >+2·00 and 1·4 % by weight-for-height Z-score >+2·00; in Matlab the corresponding figures were 0·5 %, 1·4 % and 1·4 %, respectively. In Dhaka, the proportion of underweight, stunting and wasting decreased from 59 % to 28 % (a 53 % reduction), from 54 % to 22 % (59 % reduction) and from 33 % to 21 % (36 % reduction), respectively, between 1993 and 2012. In Matlab, these indicators decreased from 51 % to 27 % (a 47 % reduction), from 36 % to 25 % (31 % reduction) and from 34 % to 14 % (59 % reduction), respectively, from 2000 to 2012. On the other hand, the proportion of overweight (as assessed by BMI-for-age Z-score) increased significantly over the study period in both Dhaka (from 0·6 % to 2·6 %) and Matlab (from 0·8 % to 2·2 %).ConclusionsThe proportion of malnourished under-5 children has decreased gradually in both urban and rural Bangladesh; however, the reduction rates are not in line with meeting Millennium Development Goal 1. Trends for increasing childhood obesity have been noted during the study period as well.

scholarly journals Strongyloidiasis in northern Vietnam: epidemiology, clinical characteristics and molecular diagnosis of the causal agent

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van De ◽  
Pham Ngoc Minh ◽  
Le Van Duyet ◽  
Santiago Mas-Coma
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Strongyloides Stercoralis ◽  
Older Age ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Northern Vietnam

Abstract Background Strongyloidiasis is a health problem in Vietnam, but appropriate information is still limited. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, geographical distribution, epidemiological aspects, symptoms and other health indicators of Strongyloides stercoralis infections in patients from 27 provinces of northern Vietnam attending the Hanoi Medical University Hospital during 2016 and 2017. Methods Blood samples of 2000 patients were analyzed for S. stercoralis infection with an IgG ELISA test. Seroprevalence was analyzed by gender, age group, locality of origin (rural or urban areas) and symptoms. Stools from the seropositive patients were examined for the detection of worms which were subsequently used for species identification by morphology and rDNA ITS1 sequencing. Results A seroprevalence of 20% was detected, showing an increasing prevalence from young to older age groups but without significant gender difference. Seroprevalence was higher in rural areas than in urban areas, both in general and individually in all provinces without exception, and lower in the mountainous areas than in the large valley lowlands. The follow-up of the 400 patients showed eosinophilia in 100% of cases, diarrhoea in 64.5%, digestion difficulties in 58.0%, stomachache in 45.5%, stomach and duodenal ulcers in 44.5%, itching in 28.0% and fever in 9.5%. The prevalence of symptoms and signs were also higher in older age groups than in younger age groups. Worms were detected in stools of 10.5% of the patients. Sequencing of a 501-bp nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS1 fragment allowed for the verification of infection by Strongyloides stercoralis. Conclusions To our knowledge, this study is the largest survey of human strongyloidiasis in Vietnam so far and the first molecular identification of this nematode species in this country. Long-term chronicity may probably be usual in infected subjects, mainly in the older age groups.

Methods for the 2016 Socioeconomic and Health Survey in Chi Linh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (CHILILAB HDSS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9S-17S ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoang Van Minh ◽  
Tran Thu Ngan ◽  
Nguyen Bao Ngoc ◽  
Vu Duy Kien ◽  
Vu Quynh Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Demographic Surveillance System ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Aging Trend ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
And Gender

The Chi Linh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (CHILILAB HDSS) was established in 2004 in Chi Linh District, Hai Duong Province (Northern Vietnam). Up to 2013, 22 rounds of data collection at CHILILAB HDSS had been completed. This article reports the methods and key sociodemographic characteristics of households and individuals captured by the survey conducted among the subsamples of CHILILAB HDSS in 2016. We observed and compared them to the previous HDSS survey rounds and found no significant differences for household size and gender compositions in CHILILAB HDSS. The educational level and economic status of CHILILAB people in 2016 have improved. However, it can be seen that the Chi Linh population is undergoing a strong “aging” trend.

scholarly journals Cakupan Kesehatan Universal (UHC) Pekerja Sektor Informal di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 556-572
Author(s):  
Dodi Satriawan ◽  
Agus Joko Pitoyo ◽  
Sri Rum Giyarsih
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

Health insurance receives a great deal of attention in the SDG’s, where one of its main targets is to guarantee a healthy life and to encourage welfare for all people of all ages or later to be called Universal Health Coverage (UHC). In Indonesia there are more informal workers than formal sector workers, but almost half of informal sector workers work without health insurance protection. This study aims to determine the achievement of UHC in terms of ownership of health insurance for informal sector workers. The database used in this study was sourced from SUSENAS 2018. Data processing and analysis techniques were carried out in a quantitative descriptive form of a single frequency table and a cross table. The results showed that based on socio-economic and demographic characteristics, Indonesian informal sector workers were dominated by men, living in rural areas, being married, being heads of households (KRT) and their partners, aged 18-44 years, having a population registration number (NIK) ), only completed the highest level of basic education, worked in industrial businesses, had no health complaints, was in households with the lowest 40 percent economic status, and did not self-medicate when ill. The study also found that there was still considerable variation in the achievement of UHC between provinces in Indonesia. When viewed by province, Aceh is the province with the highest percentage of health insurance ownership or UHC reaching 94.77 percent. Meanwhile West Kalimantan is the province with the lowest percentage of health insurance ownership, which is only 40.73 percent.

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