Variation in psychological well-being and symptoms of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from a three-wave panel survey

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of meaning-centered group psychotherapy for cancer survivors (MCGP-CS) to improve personal meaning, compared with supportive group psychotherapy (SGP) and care as usual (CAU).MethodA total of 170 cancer survivors were randomly assigned to one of the three study arms: MCGP-CS (n = 57); SGP (n = 56); CAU (n = 57). The primary outcome measure was the Personal Meaning Profile (PMP; total score). Secondary outcome measures were subscales of the PMP, psychological well-being (Scales of Psychological Well-being; SPWB), post-traumatic growth (Posttraumatic Growth Inventory), Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC), optimism (Life Orientation Test-Revised), hopelessness (Beck's Hopelessness Scale), psychological distress (anxiety and depression, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HADS) and quality of life (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire; EORTC QLQ-C30). Outcome measures were assessed before randomization, post-intervention, and after 3 and 6 months of follow-up (FU).ResultsLinear mixed model analyses (intention-to-treat) showed significant differences between MCGP-CS, SGP and CAU on the total PMP score, and on (sub)scales of the PMP, SPWB, MAC and HADS. Post-hoc analyses showed significantly stronger treatment effects of MCGP-CS compared with CAU on personal meaning (d = 0.81), goal-orientedness (d = 1.07), positive relations (d = 0.59), purpose in life (d = 0.69); fighting spirit (d = 0.61) (post-intervention) and helpless/hopeless (d = −0.87) (3 months FU); and distress (d = −0.6) and depression (d = −0.38) (6 months FU). Significantly stronger effects of MCGP-CS compared with SGP were found on personal growth (d = 0.57) (3 months FU) and environmental mastery (d = 0.66) (6 months FU).ConclusionsMCGP-CS is an effective intervention for cancer survivors to improve personal meaning, psychological well-being and mental adjustment to cancer in the short term, and to reduce psychological distress in the long run.

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The Role of Gender in the Association Among the Emotional Intelligence, Anxiety and Depression

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.747702 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Rita Sergi ◽

Laura Picconi ◽

Marco Tommasi ◽

Aristide Saggino ◽

Sjoerd J. H. Ebisch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Premature Death ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Negative Events ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Psychological Well Being

Recent epidemiological data show an increase of depression and anxiety that cause a loss of about 3–4% of the gross domestic product in Europe, as a consequence of a reduced productivity and a premature death of people. Gender differences in both psychopathologies were found from mid-to-late adolescence until 55 years, and data indicate an increase of depression in women. Considering these data, new interventions focused on promoting psychological well-being were designed. A predictive factor of psychological disorders is Emotional Intelligence (EI), the ability to understand and regulate our own emotions, as well as those of others. EI is associated with psychological well-being, as well as with the treatment of mental illness, but gender differences in the association among EI, anxiety and depression remains unclear. The present study aims at analyzing the nomological associations among EI, anxiety and depression. Furthermore, the possible moderating role of gender in the relation between EI, depression and anxiety is investigated in a sample of 1725 healthy participants. Our results show that the ability to recognize and to control emotions in the social context helps us to reduce the risk to be affected by depression and anxiety. Moreover, our study shows that the association of EI with anxiety and depression wasn’t gender moderated. In conclusion, the findings highlight that EI can help people to manage emotions linked to negative events and to successfully understand emotions in others. In addition, we found no moderation role of gender in the association between EI, anxiety and depression.

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The impact of anxiety and depression in the quality of life and psychological well-being of Greek hematological cancer patients on chemotherapy

Psychology Health & Medicine ◽

10.1080/13548506.2019.1695864 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 201-213

Author(s):

Thalia Bellali ◽

Georgios Manomenidis ◽

Eirini Meramveliotaki ◽

Evgenia Minasidou ◽

Petros Galanis

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Hematological Cancer ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

The Impact

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Problematic Smartphone and Social Media Use Among Bangladeshi College and University Students Amid COVID-19: The Role of Psychological Well-Being and Pandemic Related Factors

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.647386 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Md. Saiful Islam ◽

Md. Safaet Hossain Sujan ◽

Rafia Tasnim ◽

Rashenda Aziz Mohona ◽

Most. Zannatul Ferdous ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

University Students ◽

Media Use ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Social Media Use ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

College And University ◽

The Impact

Background: Smartphone and social media use are an integral part of our daily life. Currently, the impact of excessive smartphone and social media use during the COVID-19 pandemic is poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate problematic smartphone use (PSPU) and problematic social media use (PSMU) among Bangladeshi college and university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 5,511 Bangladeshi college and university students (male: 58.9%; mean age: 21.2 years [SD = 1.7]; age range: 18–25) during the social-distancing in the COVID-19 pandemic (July 2020). A self-reported survey containing questions regarding socio-demographic, lifestyle, and home quarantine activities along with four psychometric scales was completed by participants.Results: The mean scores of PSPU and PSMU were 20.8 ± 6.8 (out of 36) and 14.7 ± 4.8 (out of 30). Based on a hierarchical regression analysis, PSPU and PSMU were positively associated with lower age, poor sleep, social media use, watching television, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, PSMU was linked to being female, living with nuclear family, having urban residence, irregular physical exercise, poor engagement with academic studies, and avoiding earning activities, whilst being male, being married, living with lower-income family, and alcohol consumption were linked to PSMU.Conclusions: The findings indicate that PSPU and PSMU were linked to poor psychological well-being (i.e., anxiety and depression) and other factors (especially lower age, poor sleep) during the pandemic, further suggesting the need for interventions including virtual awareness programs among college and university students.

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Healing by Gentle Touch Ameliorates Stress and Other Symptoms in People Suffering with Mental Health Disorders or Psychological Stress

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1093/ecam/nel052 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 115-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Clare Weze ◽

Helen L. Leathard ◽

John Grange ◽

Peter Tiplady ◽

Gretchen Stevens

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Problems ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Treatment Changes ◽

Standard Medical Treatment ◽

Analogue Scales ◽

Impaired Quality

Previous studies on healing by gentle touch in clients with various illnesses indicated substantial improvements in psychological well-being, suggesting that this form of treatment might be helpful for people with impaired quality of mental health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of healing by gentle touch in subjects with self-reported impairments in their psychological well-being or mental health. One hundred and forty-seven clients who identified themselves as having psychological problems received four treatment sessions. Pre- to post-treatment changes in psychological and physical functioning were assessed by self-completed questionnaires which included visual analogue scales (VAS) and the EuroQoL (EQ-5D). Participants recorded reductions in stress, anxiety and depression scores and increases in relaxation and ability to cope scores (allP< 0.0004). Improvements were greatest in those with the most severe symptoms initially. This open study provides strong circumstantial evidence that healing by gentle touch is safe and effective in improving psychological well-being in participants with self-reported psychological problems, and also that it safely complements standard medical treatment. Controlled trials are warranted.

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Psychological well-being of patients with insomnia and its relationship with anxiety and depression

Psychology Health & Medicine ◽

10.1080/13548506.2015.1069856 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 309-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Francesco Tramonti ◽

Michelangelo Maestri ◽

Alessia Gronchi ◽

Monica Fabbrini ◽

Elisa Di Coscio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Psychological Well Being

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190 Determinants of Psychological Well-Being in Healthcare Workers During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Multinational Cross-Sectional Study

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab134.043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

E T Goh ◽

M Denning ◽

S Purkayastha ◽

J Kinross

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Safety Attitudes ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Abstract Introduction The Covid-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressures on healthcare systems globally, impacting working conditions, safety attitudes and the psychological well-being of healthcare workers. This cross-sectional study explores the prevalence and predictors of anxiety/depression amongst healthcare workers in the UK, Singapore, and Poland. Method From 22 March to 18 June 2020, healthcare workers from the UK, Singapore and Poland were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire on psychological well-being. Anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Other components of the questionnaire include demographic information, Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) measuring safety culture and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) to measure burnout. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine predictors of anxiety and depression. Results Of 3537 healthcare workers who participated in the study, 701 (20%) screened positive for anxiety and 389 (11%) for depression. Significant predictors of depression and anxiety include low SAQ score, nursing role, redeployment, burnout, and depression. There was significant overlap between anxiety and depression. The doctor role was protective. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate a significant burden of anxiety and depression amongst healthcare workers during Covid-19. These findings highlight the impact of Covid-19 on psychological well-being and suggests which groups would benefit from targeted support.

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Correlations between Job Insecurity and Psychological Well-Being among White and Black Employees in South Africa

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1993.76.3.885 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 885-886 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Christopher Orpen

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

South African ◽

Job Insecurity ◽

Well Being ◽

Job Security ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Manufacturing Company ◽

Black Employees ◽

Perceived Job Insecurity

In a South African manufacturing company the correlations between perceived job insecurity and psychological well-being were examined among 54 white managers in relatively ‘safe’ jobs and 78 black production workers in relatively ‘unsafe’ jobs. The former felt more secure in their jobs but not less anxious or depressed than the latter. Job insecurity was positively related to both anxiety and depression (.30 to .40) in both groups, confirming the benefits of perceived job security to employees, irrespective of whether they felt initially secure or not in their jobs.

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Anxiety, depression and psychological well-being in a cohort of South African adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus

South African Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v22i1.935 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Samantha Ramkisson ◽

Basil J. Pillay ◽

Benn Sartorius

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Well Being ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Health Questionnaire ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Psychological Issues ◽

Type 2 Dm ◽

Anxiety Depression

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased at alarming rates globally. South Africa has the second highest number of people in Africa living with DM, with prevalence rates being among the top five countries in Africa. Accordingly, psychological issues associated with DM have been a growing focus of attention. Studies have found that patients with DM have elevated levels of anxiety and depression, and decreased levels of well-being. In South Africa, there is a paucity of studies on the psychological issues associated with DM.Objectives: The aim of this paper was to explore the prevalence and association of anxiety, depressive features and psychological well-being in patients with Type 2 DM. Method: In a cross-sectional survey, patients with Type 2 DM were recruited from public and private facilities. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and WHO-5 Well-being Index (WHO-5) were administered. Results: Four hundred and one participants completed the questionnaires. On the WHO-5, 277 (69%) reported good well-being, while 124 (31%) indicated poor well-being and were considered at risk for depressive features. On the HADS, 186 (46%) had mild-to-severe depressive features and 128 (32%) had mild-to-severe anxiety. There was a strong negative correlation between the WHO-5, HADS and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) scales, which indicated that an increase in anxiety and depressive features decreased psychological well-being.Conclusion: Health-care providers should identify and treat anxiety and depression as a standard part of diabetes care. Patients should also be referred to the appropriate mental health professional as part of the management of diabetes.Keywords: type 2 diabetes; anxiety;depression;psychological well-being; adults

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How Does Self-Concept Differentiation Work in Chinese Retirees: A Moderated Mediation Analysis

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.555339 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Changzheng Zhu ◽

Min Zhu ◽

Xiangping Gao ◽

Xiaoshi Liu

Keyword(s):

Psychological Adjustment ◽

Well Being ◽

Moderated Mediation ◽

Mediation Effect ◽

Self Concept ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

The Relationship

Self-concept differentiation (SCD) is a sign of fragmentation of the self rather than specialization of role identities for its robust relationship with psychological adjustment. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the relationship between SCD and psychological adjustment. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of self-consistency and congruence (SCC) in the association between SCD and psychological adjustment (psychological well-being, depression, and anxiety), and the moderating role of age in the relationship between SCD and SCC. This moderated mediation model was examined among 158 Chinese retirees (mean age = 71.12, SD = 9.13), who completed measurements regarding SCD, SCC, psychological well-being, anxiety, and depression. The results showed that SCC partially mediated the links between SCD and the indices of psychological adjustment. Furthermore, age moderated this mediation effect, which was found in mean and high-age participants, but not in low-age ones. Our findings indicate that, at different age stages, the internal mechanisms of SCD affecting psychological adaptation are not the same, and a low differentiated or highly integrated self can serve as an adaptive resource to maintain high subjective well-being of the elderly and protect them from anxiety and depression.

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