scholarly journals Mean, variance, and trends of Levant precipitation over the past 4500 years from reconstructed Dead Sea levels and stochastic modeling

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 751-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrat Morin ◽  
Tamar Ryb ◽  
Ittai Gavrieli ◽  
Yehouda Enzel
Keyword(s):  
Late Holocene ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Past ◽  
Change In Mean ◽  
Precipitation Trends

AbstractA novel quantitative assessment of late Holocene precipitation in the Levant is presented, including mean and variance of annual precipitation and their trends. A stochastic framework was utilized and allowed, possibly for the first time, linking high-quality, reconstructed rises/declines in Dead Sea levels with precipitation trends in its watershed. We determined the change in mean annual precipitation for 12 specific intervals over the past 4500 yr, concluding that: (1) the twentieth century was substantially wetter than most of the late Holocene; (2) a representative reference value of mean annual precipitation is 75% of the present-day parameter; (3) during the late Holocene, mean annual precipitation ranged between −17 and +66% of the reference value (−37 to +25% of present-day conditions); (4) the driest intervals were 1500–1200 BC and AD 755–890, and the wettest intervals were 2500–2460 BC, 130–40 BC, AD 350–490, and AD 1770–1940; (5) lake-level rises and declines probably occurred in response to trends in precipitation means and are less likely to occur when precipitation mean is constant; (6) average trends in mean annual precipitation during intervals of ≥200 yr did not exceed 15 mm per decade. The precipitation trends probably reflect shifts in eastern Mediterranean cyclone tracks.

scholarly journals Evapotranspiration Trend and Its Relationship with Precipitation over the Loess Plateau during the Last Three Decades

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zesu Yang ◽  
Qiang Zhang ◽  
Xiaocui Hao
Keyword(s):  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Community Land Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Local Mean

There have been few studies conducted on the changes in actual ET over the Loess Plateau, due to the lack of reliable ET data. Based on ET data simulated by the Community Land Model, the present study analyzed the changes in ET over the Loess Plateau. The results showed the domain-average ET to have decreased in the past 31 years, at a rate of 0.78 mm year−1. ET fluctuated much more strongly in the 1990s than in the 1980s and 2000s, and, apart from in autumn, ET decreased in all seasons. In particular, ET in summer comprised about half of the annual ET trend and had the sharpest trend, dominating the interannual decline. ET also decreased more sharply in the semiarid than semihumid regions. The declining trend of ET was attributed to declining precipitation and air humidity. Locally, the ET trend was closely related to local mean annual precipitation: in areas with precipitation less than 400 mm, ET showed a decreasing trend; in areas with precipitation larger than 600 mm, ET showed an increasing trend; and in areas with precipitation in the range of 400–600 mm could be classified as a transitional zone.

Dead Sea Levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages

Radiocarbon ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Joy Kagan ◽  
Dafna Langgut ◽  
Elisabetta Boaretto ◽  
Frank Herald Neumann ◽  
Mordechai Stein
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
The Past ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Ancient Israel ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Dead

The history of lake-level changes at the Dead Sea during the Holocene was determined mainly by radiocarbon dating of terrestrial organic debris. This article reviews the various studies that have been devoted over the past 2 decades to defining the Dead Sea levels during the Bronze and Iron Ages (≃5.5 to 2.5 ka cal BP) and adds new data and interpretation. In particular, we focus on research efforts devoted to refining the chronology of the sedimentary sequence in the Ze'elim Gully, a key site of paleoclimate investigation in the European Research Council project titled Reconstructing Ancient Israel. The Bronze and Iron Ages are characterized by significant changes in human culture, reflected in archaeological records in which sharp settlement oscillations over relatively short periods of time are evident. During the Early Bronze, Intermediate Bronze, Middle Bronze, and Late Bronze Ages, the Dead Sea saw significant level fluctuations, reaching in the Middle Bronze an elevation of ≃370 m below mean sea level (bmsl), and declining in the Late Bronze to below 414 m bmsl. At the end of the Late Bronze Age and upon the transition to the Iron Age, the lake recovered slightly and rose to ≃408 m bmsl. This recovery reflected the resumption of freshwater activity in the Judean Hills, which was likely accompanied by more favorable hydrological-environmental conditions that seem to have facilitated the wave of Iron Age settlement in the region.

scholarly journals Precipitation Trends in Greenland During the Past Thirty Years

1958 ◽  
Vol 3 (23) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Marvin Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Trend ◽  
Residual Mass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
Precipitation Trends ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe record of annual precipitation as obtained from stratigraphic studies on snow profiles in the interior of northern Greenland made in 1954 by SIPRE personnel shows a decreasing precipitation trend since 1920 with the largest decrease occurring since 1932. A residual mass curve analysis of the data indicates that, in spite of large fluctuations in the accumulated precipitation, the decreasing trend may be considered valid over a period of several years.

Southern Baffin Island mean annual precipitation isotopes modulated by summer and autumn moisture source changes during the past 5800 years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon B. Gorbey ◽  
Elizabeth K. Thomas ◽  
Sarah E. Crump ◽  
Kayla V. Hollister ◽  
Martha K. Raynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Baffin Island ◽  
Moisture Source ◽  
The Past

Increased frequency of torrential rainstorms during a regional late Holocene eastern Mediterranean drought

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Ahlborn ◽  
Moshe Armon ◽  
Yoav Ben Dor ◽  
Ina Neugebauer ◽  
Markus J. Schwab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Circulation Patterns

AbstractIdentifying climates favoring extreme weather phenomena is a primary aim of paleoclimate and paleohydrological research. Here, we present a well-dated, late Holocene Dead Sea sediment record of debris flows covering 3.3 to 1.9 cal ka BP. Twenty-three graded layers deposited in shallow waters near the western Dead Sea shore were identified by microfacies analysis. These layers represent distal subaquatic deposits of debris flows triggered by torrential rainstorms over the adjacent western Dead Sea escarpment. Modern debris flows on this escarpment are induced by rare rainstorms with intensities exceeding >30 mm h−1for at least one hour and originate primarily from the Active Red Sea Trough synoptic pattern. The observed late Holocene clustering of such debris flows during a regional drought indicates an increased influence of Active Red Sea Troughs resulting from a shift in synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns. This shift likely decreased the passages of eastern Mediterranean cyclones, leading to drier conditions, but favored rainstorms triggered by the Active Red Sea Trough. This is in accord with present-day meteorological data showing an increased frequency of torrential rainstorms in regions of drier climate. Hence, this study provides conclusive evidence for a shift in synoptic atmospheric circulation patterns during a late Holocene drought.

Climate variability in the Aral Sea basin (Central Asia) during the late Holocene based on vegetation changes

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Sorrel ◽  
Speranta-Maria Popescu ◽  
Stefan Klotz ◽  
Jean-Pierre Suc ◽  
Hedi Oberhänsli
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Region ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Aral Sea Basin ◽  
Steppe Vegetation

AbstractHigh-resolution pollen analyses (∼ 50 yr) from sediment cores retrieved at Chernyshov Bay in the NW Large Aral Sea record shifts in vegetational development from subdesertic to steppe vegetation in the Aral Sea basin during the late Holocene. Using pollen data to quantify climatic parameters, we reconstruct and date for the first time significant changes in moisture conditions in Central Asia during the past 2000 yr. Cold and arid conditions prevailed between ca. AD 0 and 400, AD 900 and 1150, and AD 1500 and 1650 with the extension of xeric vegetation dominated by steppe elements. These intervals are characterized by low winter and summer mean temperatures and low mean annual precipitation (Pmm < 250 mm/yr). Conversely, the most suitable climate conditions occurred between ca. AD 400 and 900, and AD 1150 and 1450, when steppe vegetation was enriched by plants requiring moister conditions (Pmm ∼ 250–500 mm/yr) and some trees developed. Our results are fairly consistent with other late Holocene records from the eastern Mediterranean region and the Middle East, showing that regional rainfall in Central Asia is predominantly controlled by the eastern Mediterranean cyclonic system when the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is in a negative phase.

Analysis on Variation Characteristics of Precipitation Time Series in Weihe River Basin during the Past 55 Years

2013 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 246-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Xiao Hui Lei ◽  
Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Series ◽  
The Past ◽  
Flood Season ◽  
Weihe River ◽  
Weihe River Basin

By using linear regression, moving average, Mann-Kendall test and Morlet wavelet analysis method, the annual, flood seasonal and dry seasonal precipitation series during 1954~2008 in Weihe River basin are analyzed. The results indicate that: ①Annual precipitation and precipitation in flood season and dry season present decreasing trends during the past 55 years, and the variation trends are not significant. ②There is an irregular spatial distribution of mean annual precipitation, which shows a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest. ③Annual precipitation exists principal periods of about 2, 10, 17 and 50 years, and the phase changes of 2 and 50 years period are most obvious. Time scales of phase change of precipitation series in flood season and dry season are roughly consistent with those in annual. The research results will provide reference for climate analysis and future weather forecasting in Weihe River basin.

Precipitation Trends in Greenland During the Past Thirty Years

1958 ◽  
Vol 3 (23) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Annual Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Trend ◽  
Residual Mass ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Fluctuations ◽  
Precipitation Trends ◽  
Made In

Abstract The record of annual precipitation as obtained from stratigraphic studies on snow profiles in the interior of northern Greenland made in 1954 by SIPRE personnel shows a decreasing precipitation trend since 1920 with the largest decrease occurring since 1932. A residual mass curve analysis of the data indicates that, in spite of large fluctuations in the accumulated precipitation, the decreasing trend may be considered valid over a period of several years.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Ages of Beach Rocks and Late Holocene Sea-Level Changes in the Southern Part of the Nansei Islands, Southwest of Japan

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2B) ◽  
pp. 887-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Omoto
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Ishigaki Island ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nansei Islands ◽  
Beach Rock ◽  
Holocene Sea Level

Beach rock is a good indicator of the past sea levels, as it is considered to have been formed within the range of intertidal zone. Radiocarbon dates of beach rocks collected from Iriomote Island, Ishigaki Island, and Miyako Island, in the southern part of the Nansei Islands, indicate that the beach rocks were formed between around 4000 BP and 400 BP. Late Holocene sea-level changes were revealed based on the elevations and 14C dates of the beach rocks. The results indicate that the sea level was similar to the present one for at least the past 4000 BP. Isotopic fractionations (δ13C) of the beach rocks were between +9.40% and −0.08%, suggesting a different origin for calcium carbonate.

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