Intrapair Difference in Personality Traits, and Emotional and Social Adjustment in Monozygotic Twins

1977 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenn Torgersen
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Monozygotic Twins ◽  
Emotional Disturbances ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Normal Personality ◽  
The Relationship

During the last decade, there has been a growing interest in the advantages that MZ twin pairs offer for studying the effect of environmental factors on the development of emotional disturbances. Much of this research has been aimed at investigating the relationship between childhood differences and later discordance with regard to schizophrenia in MZ twin pairs. A few studies have used similar methodology to investigate the development of neurotic reactions. There has been very little work dealing with the causes of discordance in the normal personality development of MZ twin pairs. The paper presents some of the results from a larger twin project which show the relationship between childhood differences and differences in adulthood. The study examined differences in oral, obsessive, and hysterical personality traits, as well as differences in phobic fears, general neurotic symptomatology, occupational and marriage adjustment in 50 relatively unselected MZ twin pairs. The results show that many of the same childhood differences which have been reported to be associated with the discordance found in regard to schizophrenia and neuroses, are also related to differences in personality structure, emotional and social adjustment in less disturbed MZ twin pairs. Other childhood differences, however, seem to be more specifically related either to neurotic or to normal personality development, pointing to the importance of studying the relationship between specific intrapair differences in childhood and differences in various areas of later personality development.

Five Factor Model and Personality Disorder

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger ◽  
Whitney L. Gore ◽  
Cristina Crego ◽  
Stephanie L. Rojas ◽  
Joshua R. Oltmanns
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Normal Personality ◽  
Personality Disorder Scales ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the relationship of the Five Factor Model (FFM) to personality disorder. The FFM has traditionally been viewed as a dimensional model of normal personality structure. However, it should probably be viewed as a dimensional model of general personality structure, including maladaptive as well as adaptive personality traits. Discussed herein is the empirical support for the coverage of personality disorders within the FFM; the ability of the FFM to explain the convergence and divergence among personality disorder scales; the relationship of the FFM to the DSM-5 dimensional trait model; the empirical support for maladaptivity within both poles of each FFM domain (focusing in particular on agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness); and the development of scales for the assessment of maladaptive variants of the FFM.

Differences in Personality Traits between Juvenile Delinquents and Nondelinquent Juveniles according to Cattell’s 16-Factor Model of Normal Personality Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316
Author(s):  
Hayfa T. Elbokai
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Normal Personality

تهدف الدراسة الحالية إلى معرفة الفروق في سمات الشخصية بين الأحداث الجانحين وغير الجانحين باستخدام اختبار العوامل الستة عشر للشخصية. ولتحقيق هذا الهدف قامت الباحثة بتطبيق اختبار كاتل للعوامل الستة عشر للشخصية على عينة من الأحداث الجانحين والجانحات بدار تربية وتأهيل الأحداث ومركز الإصلاح والتأهيل للفتيات في عمان، بعينة بلغ عددها (40) جانحًا وجانحة مقسمة بالتساوي بينهما، وعينة من غير الجانحين تم اختيارها من طلبة مدارس عمان في المرحلة الثانوية، بلغ عددها (60) طالبًا وطالبة. وخلصت الدراسة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين الذكور الجانحين وغير الجانحين في عاملين من عوامل الشخصية، هما (الدفء، والتوتر)، الدفء لصالح الجانحين والتوتر لصالح الأسوياء، وهذا يعني أن الجانحين أكثر دفئًا من الأسوياء في حين أن الأسوياء أكثر توترًا من الجانحين

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Personal Constructs in Professionals of Extreme Spheres of Activity (with Officers of the Ministries of Emergency Situations and Internal Affairs as an Example)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-16
Author(s):  
Vera A. Glukhova ◽  
Alisa S. Maltseva
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Factor Loading ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Given

The article presents the results of an empirical study of personality traits of officers of the Ministries of Emergency Situations and Internal Affairs. The study is aimed at revealing specific combinations of personality traits - personality constructs characterizing specialists of different extreme occupations. 80 individuals took part in the research work. The pronouncedness of personality traits in the officers of the Ministry of Emergency Situations (MES) and the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) was compared using the following techniques and methodologies: S.Maddy Hardiness Survey; Holmes-Rahe Stress and Social Adjustment Scale; Method for Diagnosing of Emotional Burnout Levels by V.V. Boyko; California Psychological Inventory (CPI). The MIA officers have been found to have more pronounced personality traits such as vitality and hardiness (according to the S. Maddy Survey), social presence, independence, responsibility, socialization, making a good impression, "ordinary guy" impression, feeling of well-being, achievement through subordination, intellectual effectiveness, manliness (according to CPI). The comparison of the factor structures revealed invariant (with significant factor loading in both groups) and variable (with significant factor loading in one group) elements. The following personality constructs have been identified in the personality structure of the MIA officers: transactional leadership, strategy of variational adjustment in situations of uncertainty, strategy of taking responsibility under the given conditions, personal and social normativity. The following personality constructs have been identified in the personality structure of the MES officers: role-related masculinity, role-related empathy, strategy of volitional control in situations of uncertainty, strategy of variational adjustment under the given conditions.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY DISORDERS, NORMALITY AND HEALTHY PERSONALITY: PERSONALITY ON A CONTINUUM

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken R. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Normal Personality ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Healthy Personality ◽  
Normative Perspective ◽  
Three Factor

The relationship between personality disorders, normality and healthy personality is discussed from a developmental and normative perspective. Psychological traits unique to the individual are seen as coexisting and continuing throughout the life span of personality development and across the traditional boundaries of personality disorders, normal personality, and healthy personality. This paper attempts to extend the pioneering work of Millon into the realm of healthy personality. Healthy personality is conceived of as an extension of a three-factor model with: mystical, hardy, and self-actualized personalities composing the healthy end of the spectrum.

The Structure of Temperament and Personality Traits

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Shiner ◽  
Colin G. DeYoung
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Exciting Time ◽  
The Relationship

In this chapter, we offer a developmental perspective on temperament and personality traits from early childhood through adulthood. First, we address the relationship between temperament and personality and the methods used to ascertain the structure of traits in these two research traditions. We argue that the temperament and personality traditions provide different ways of describing the same basic traits. Second, we describe the current status of the most prominent temperament models and the Big Five personality trait model. Third, we articulate a structural model that integrates contemporary findings on temperament and personality traits from early childhood through adulthood. Fourth, we discuss current research on the psychological and biological processes that underlie individual differences in the Big Five traits in childhood and adulthood. This is an exciting time in the study of personality development, in part because of the marked progress in uncovering the basic structure of traits across the lifespan.

scholarly journals The relationship between personality traits, values and interests in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 591-601
Author(s):  
Mihaela Luminița Sandu ◽  
Mihaela Rus ◽  
Tănase Tasențe
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Relationship

Choosing this theme study was based on a desire to investigate several issues in depth, taking into account the importance of identifying dimensions of personality structure in adolescence, considering that during this period proper development of adolescents is based on stimulating several areas closely related to their activity. A balanced adolescent chooses activities that contribute to character development, increasing self-confidence, developing socializing skills, identifying passions and making decisions.

The prediction of university adjustment in Turkish late adolescents through Five Factor Personality dimensions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11(73) ◽  
pp. 114-127
Author(s):  
Sevda Aslan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Emotional Instability ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
University Life ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
University Adjustment ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to to analyze the relationship between the big five personality traits and adjustment to university by examining the extent to which the self-assessment of Turkish adolescents personality traits predict their adjustment to university. The study group consisted of 168 students: 101 females and 67 males. The study data was collected using The Adjustment to University Life Scale and the Adjective-Based Personality Test (ABPT). The findings of this study revealed that personal adjustment and academic adjustment predicts emotional instability/neuroticism and conscientiousness in a meaningful way. Also, social adjustment predicts agreeableness in a meaningful way. A number of recommendations were then presented based on our study’s findings.

scholarly journals Age Differences in Personality Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 564-564
Author(s):  
David Condon ◽  
Emorie Beck ◽  
Joshua Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Personality Structure ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Predictive Utility ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Most investigations in the structure of personality traits do not adequately address age, as few studies look at the structure of personality traits a-theoretically, instead presupposing a theoretical structure e.g., Big Five. As a result, the relationship among indicators within a trait (coherence) are often highlighted but relationships across traits (differentiation) are not thoroughly examined. Using a large-scale sample of 369,151 individuals ranging in age from 14 to 90, the present study examines whether personality indicators show differential relationships as a function of age. Results indicate that coherence shows few changes across the lifespan, while differentiation weakens across adulthood into old age. These finding suggest that Big Five indicators only parallel the Big Five structure among young but not older adults. Thus, using standard Big Five personality trait assessments in older adults may, at best, not reflect reality and, at worse, undermine the predictive utility of personality traits.

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