Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships across Issue Domains and Political Contexts

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALAN S. GERBER ◽  
GREGORY A. HUBER ◽  
DAVID DOHERTY ◽  
CONOR M. DOWLING ◽  
SHANG E. HA
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Registered Voters

Previous research on personality traits and political attitudes has largely focused on the direct relationships between traits and ideological self-placement. There are theoretical reasons, however, to suspect that the relationships between personality traits and political attitudes (1) vary across issue domains and (2) depend on contextual factors that affect the meaning of political stimuli. In this study, we provide an explicit theoretical framework for formulating hypotheses about these differential effects. We then leverage the power of an unusually large national survey of registered voters to examine how the relationships between Big Five personality traits and political attitudes differ across issue domains and social contexts (as defined by racial groups). We confirm some important previous findings regarding personality and political ideology, find clear evidence that Big Five traits affect economic and social attitudes differently, show that the effect of Big Five traits is often as large as that of education or income in predicting ideology, and demonstrate that the relationships between Big Five traits and ideology vary substantially between white and black respondents.

Personality Traits and Sibling Relationships in Emerging Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 672-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Lanthier
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Sibling Relationships ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Older Siblings

Associations between the Big Five personality traits of siblings and the quality of sibling relationships were examined in a sample of 115 college students and one of their older siblings. Big Five traits, as assessed by Goldberg's 100 adjective markers, predicted a large amount of the variability in sibling Warmth and Conflict. Agreeableness was the most consistent predictor of positive sibling outcomes.

The Impact of the Big Five Personality Traits and Motivational Self-System on Iranian EFL Learners’ Intended Effort: An Investigation into McAdams’ Model of Personality

RELC Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 003368822093301
Author(s):  
Majid Ghorbani ◽  
Shokouh Rashvand Semiyari
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Efl Learners ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
L2 Motivational Self System ◽  
Ideal L2 Self ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self System

Although L2 Motivational Self System has received extensive attention over the past decade or so, its relations with the Big Five Traits and their impact on effort expended towards L2 learning within a dynamic Model of Personality has remained largely unexplored in second language (L2) studies. Accordingly, this article details a quantitative study drawing on McAdams’s (1995) model to investigate the contribution(s) of the Motivational Self System and the Big Five Traits on L2 learners’ intended effort. To this end, 654 Low-intermediate to Intermediate English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners were asked to complete the Big Five Inventory-2 along with the Motivational Factors Questionnaire. The predictive power of the variables under the study were analysed through multiple regression including standard and sequential regressions. Among the personality traits, Open-mindedness had the greatest impact and Conscientiousness had significant, yet moderate effect on the learners’ intended effort. Among the motivational facets, Ideal L2 Self had the greatest contribution, Attitudes Towards Learning English had the second most significant part, and lastly, Ought-to L2 Self had moderate, yet significant effect on learners’ intended effort. The findings also indicated that the motivational facets overshadowed the personality traits when they were entered in to the model simultaneously. The implications and suggestions for further research were also highlighted.

DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY OF THE ‘BIG FIVE’ PERSONALITY TRAITS IN EMPLOYMENT SETTINGS

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Rust
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Work Orientation ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Big Five Model

The ability of the ‘big five’ personality traits to predict supervisors' ratings of performance is investigated using the Orpheus personality questionnaire. Orpheus is a broad spectrum work-based personality questionnaire containing 190 items. It generates scores on sixteen scales – five major scales, seven minor scales, and four audit scales. The major scales are Fellowship, Authority, Conformity, Emotion and Detail and are based on the ‘big five’ model of personality. The minor scales are Proficiency, Work-orientation, Patience, Fair-mindedness, Loyalty, Disclosure and Initiative, and are based on the Prudentius model of integrity. The four response audits are Dissimulation, Ambivalence, Despondency and Inattention, and are designed to screen for inappropriate responding. Supervisors' ratings on 245 subjects in a variety of occupations and employment settings are obtained on the Orpheus respondents. All of the ‘big five’ traits were found to have significant correlations with appropriate supervisors' ratings.

Big Five personality traits and job satisfaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong TM Bui
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Employing the dispositional approach and a national sample, this study reexamines the relationship between the Big Five personality traits and job satisfaction to establish whether its findings may challenge the current literature. To achieve this, a large national sample of 7662 respondents from the United Kingdom was used. Hierarchical regressions were employed to investigate the impact of the Big Five traits on job satisfaction among male, female, young, middle-aged and elderly subsamples. The results show that extraversion has no significant impact on job satisfaction in any group of employees, while up to four other traits are significantly linked to job satisfaction in subgroups. The younger the employees are, the larger the number of traits they display that have a significant impact (both positively and negatively) on job satisfaction. This study also shows differences in this relationship between male and female employees. These findings imply that the relationships among the Big Five traits and job satisfaction are more complex than shown in the literature. Therefore, using the dispositional approach to job satisfaction, managers should take different approaches to age and gender because job satisfaction is likely to vary among different ages and genders.

scholarly journals Two Forms of Social Inequality in Students' Socio-Emotional Skills: Do the Levels of Big Five Personality Traits and Their Associations With Academic Achievement Depend on Parental Socioeconomic Status?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens M. Lechner ◽  
Jens Bender ◽  
Naemi D. Brandt ◽  
Beatrice Rammstedt
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Emotional Skills ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Parental Socioeconomic Status

Some researchers and policymakers advocate a stronger focus on fostering socio-emotional skills in the hope of helping students to succeed academically, especially those who are socially disadvantaged. Others have cautioned that this might increase, rather than reduce, social inequality because personality traits conducive to achievement are themselves unevenly distributed in disfavor of socially disadvantaged students. Our paper contributes to this debate. Analyzing representative, large-scale data on 9,300 ninth graders from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) and using the Big Five personality traits as a measure of socio-emotional skills, we cast light on two related yet distinct aspects of social inequality in socio-emotional skills: First, do levels of personality traits conducive to achievement vary as a function of students' parental socioeconomic status (pSES)? Second, do the returns to personality traits in terms of trait–achievement relations vary as function of pSES? Results showed that differences in Big Five traits between students with different pSES were small (0.04 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.09), especially when compared with pSES-related differences in cognitive skills (fluid intelligence) and sex-related differences in personality. The returns to Conscientiousness—the personality trait most relevant to achievement—in terms of its relations to academic achievement were higher in higher- vs. lower-SES students. Trait–achievement relations did not vary as a function of pSES for the other Big Five traits. Overall, both types of inequality were limited in magnitude. We discuss the implications of these findings for policy and practice and delineate directions for further research.

scholarly journals Affect, Behaviour, Cognition and Desire in the Big Five: An Analysis of Item Content and Structure

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Wilt ◽  
William Revelle
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
European Association ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Conceptual Definition ◽  
Item Content ◽  
Definition Of

Personality psychology is concerned with affect (A), behaviour (B), cognition (C) and desire (D), and personality traits have been defined conceptually as abstractions used to either explain or summarise coherent ABC (and sometimes D) patterns over time and space. However, this conceptual definition of traits has not been reflected in their operationalisation, possibly resulting in theoretical and practical limitations to current trait inventories. Thus, the goal of this project was to determine the affective, behavioural, cognitive and desire (ABCD) components of Big–Five personality traits. The first study assessed the ABCD content of items measuring Big–Five traits in order to determine the ABCD composition of traits and identify items measuring relatively high amounts of only one ABCD content. The second study examined the correlational structure of scales constructed from items assessing ABCD content via a large, web–based study. An assessment of Big–Five traits that delineates ABCD components of each trait is presented, and the discussion focuses on how this assessment builds upon current approaches of assessing personality. Copyright © 2015 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Introverted goalie versus extraverted center? Comprehensive investigation of Big Five personality traits within and between team sports

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Terwiel ◽  
Sarah Kritzler
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Team Sports ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Personality Differences ◽  
Big Five Traits

ObjectivesIn team sports, many anecdotes and stereotypes report personality differences between athletes of different playing positions. However, by now research shows ambiguous results and often only single sports have been examined. This preregistered study, thus, represents a first comprehensive investigation of differences in personality traits of athletes (1) performing different team sports, (2) being offense players and defense players, as well as (3) playing on different positions. DesignIn an online survey, we assessed self-reported Big Five personality traits for 2,322 athletes of 16 different (popular – e.g. Basketball and less-known – e.g. Quidditch) team sports using the BFI-2-S (Soto & John, 2017). Further, we assessed their role in the offense and defense phases of a game, their specific playing position as well as demographic and sport-related information.MethodWe descriptively and statistically investigated differences between personality profiles of different team sports, between offense and defense players within sports, and between playing positions within sports. Additionally, we compared different approaches to assessing offense and defense positions. ResultsAthletes playing different team sports significantly differed in the personality traits Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Openness. However, these effects were small (η2 ranging from .01 to .02). Similarly, offense players were found to be significantly more extraverted than defense players, but the effect was again small (ηp2 = .003). Athletes playing offense and defense positions did not significantly differ in any other personality traits regardless of how we operationalized offense and defense. However, we demonstrated that not all playing positions may be easily categorized into offense and defense. Finally, athletes of different playing positions did not differ significantly in their personality traits. As the only exception, Floorball centers were significantly more extraverted than Floorball defenders explaining only about 5% of the variance in trait extraversion scores.ConclusionOur comprehensive investigation demonstrates that there is only a little evidence for differences in Big Five traits for athletes of different team sports and between athletes being offense or defense players, or athletes playing on different playing positions. Thus, ascribed personality differences might indeed just be reflecting stereotypes.

scholarly journals Actual Self vs. Avatar Self: The Effect of Online Social Situation on Self-Expression

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongjun Sung ◽  
Jang Ho Moon ◽  
Mihyun Kang ◽  
Jhih-Syuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Personality Ratings ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates whether online social contexts can prime individuals to create avatars that emphasize particular characteristics and personality traits that are different from their actual selves. The results show that while the participants’ avatar personality ratings are correlated with their own personality ratings across the Big-Five personality dimensions, they still try to express personality characteristics that are somewhat different from their actual selves in virtual environment. Further, with respect to the relationship between avatar personality ratings (given by creators) and those by zero-acquaintances, no significant relationships were observed (with the exception of the Agreeableness dimension).

Intelligence and Personality

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Marc-André Bédard ◽  
Yann Le Corff
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
French Canadian

Abstract. This replication and extension of DeYoung, Quilty, Peterson, and Gray’s (2014) study aimed to assess the unique variance of each of the 10 aspects of the Big Five personality traits ( DeYoung, Quilty, & Peterson, 2007 ) associated with intelligence and its dimensions. Personality aspects and intelligence were assessed in a sample of French-Canadian adults from real-life assessment settings ( n = 213). Results showed that the Intellect aspect was independently associated with g, verbal, and nonverbal intelligence while its counterpart Openness was independently related to verbal intelligence only, thus replicating the results of the original study. Independent associations were also found between Withdrawal, Industriousness and Assertiveness aspects and verbal intelligence, as well as between Withdrawal and Politeness aspects and nonverbal intelligence. Possible explanations for these associations are discussed.

Personality of Clown Doctors

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Dionigi
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Big Five Personality

Abstract. In recent years, both professional and volunteer clowns have become familiar in health settings. The clown represents a peculiar humorist’s character, strictly associated with the performer’s own personality. In this study, the Big Five personality traits (BFI) of 155 Italian clown doctors (130 volunteers and 25 professionals) were compared to published data for the normal population. This study highlighted specific differences between clown doctors and the general population: Clown doctors showed higher agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion, as well as lower neuroticism compared to other people. Moreover, specific differences emerged comparing volunteers and professionals: Professional clowns showed significantly lower in agreeableness compared to their unpaid colleagues. The results are also discussed with reference to previous studies conducted on groups of humorists. Clowns’ personalities showed some peculiarities that can help to explain the facility for their performances in the health setting and that are different than those of other groups of humorists.

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