A note on the performance, carcass and muscle quality characteristics of pigs sired by Poland China and Large White boars

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-328
Author(s):  
J. P. Chadwick ◽  
W. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Large White ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Ad Libitum

SUMMARYTwo Poland China boars were mated with 12 Large White females and two Large White boars were used on the same number of females of similar background. In the post-weaning period a trial was conducted to compare the performance of purebred and crossbred progeny given a grower's diet on an ad libitum scale of feeding over the live-weight range 28 to 66 kg. Breed of boar did not influence litter size nor total litter weight at either birth or weaning. Poland China crosses compared with Large Whites grew more slowly to slaughter (10 %) but with equal efficiency of live-weight gain. Cross-breds had higher carcass yields (4 %), shorter (3 %) and deeper (2 %) carcasses, lower depths of mid-line and internal fat (11 %) and larger eye-muscle areas (22%). Breed of boar had little influence on joint proportions and no effect on carcass cut-out value. The eye muscles of crossbred carcasses were paler in colour and had higher transmission values but drip loss from the meat was not different.

The relative performance and carcass characteristics of pigs sired by Hampshire and Large White boars

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Smith ◽  
J. N. Barkes ◽  
H. M. Tonks
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Bone Content ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Physical And Chemical

SUMMARYHampshire and Large White crosses were compared with purebred Large White pigs for litterproduction and post-weaning performance. Crossbreeding did not influence either litter size or total litter weight at birth but crossbred litters had 14 % more pigs at weaning than purebred litters. Total litter weight at weaning was 13 % greater i n crossbred litters. In two post-weaning trials (23 to 90 kg live weight), where feeding was either ad libitum or restricted according to live weight, Hampshire crosses had advantages over Large Whites in rate and efficiency of gain and killing-out percentage. The cross-breds had shorter carcasses but a greater eye-muscle area due primarily to a greater depth of lean in the muscle. All fat depth measurements indicated that the crossbreds were not significantly leaner than the purebreds and this was confirmed in the restricted trial when the carcasses were subjected to physical and chemical dissection. Hampshire carcasses did have a lower bone content than those of the purebreds, but crossbreeding did not influence joint proportions or lean distribution in the carcass.

A note on the comparative performance of pigs sired by Pietrain/Hampshire and Large White boars

1974 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Smith ◽  
W. B. Lishman
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Water Binding ◽  
White Males ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

SUMMARYTwo Pietrain/Hampshire crossbred males and two Large White males were mated in equal numbers to 24 Large White females. Breed of sire did not affect litter size or total weight at birth or weaning. After weaning, on ad libitum feeding over the live-weight range 25 to 88 kg, the crossbred pigs grew more slowly to slaughter (5%) but with equal efficiency of live-weight gain. Crossbreds had higher carcass yields (3%) shorter carcasses (3%) and larger ‘eye-muscle’ areas (18%). Fat depths, joint proportions and cut-out values were not affected. The ‘eye-muscles’ of crossbreds were paler in colour and had a lower water-binding capacity than those of the purebreds, but pH1 values and transmission percentages did not differ.

A note on purebred performance of Belgian Piétrain pigs

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Howard ◽  
W. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Muscle Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Breed Difference ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Size At Birth

SUMMARYIn an analysis of data from 211 litters in a Pietrain herd, litter size at birth and at weaning was lower than is generally found in indigenous breeds. Mortality in growing and breeding pigs was high with circulatory failure accounting for 23% and 95% of deaths respectively. Pietrains, fed ad libitum over the live-weight range 27 to 87 kg, grew more slowly by 130 g/day than contemporary Large Whites on the same feeding regime, had higher killing-out percentages (by 3 to 4 units) and larger eye muscles in cross-section (by 9·9 cm2) but tended to have higher feed conversion ratios. There was no breed difference in backfat measurements but Pietrain carcasses were shorter by 83 mm and their muscle quality was markedly inferior to that of the Large Whites.

The effects of pattern of feed distribution during the reproductive cycle on the performance of sows

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
Creep Feed ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ad Libitum

SUMMARYThree groups of 10 Large White gilts were allocated on a littermate basis to 3 feeding regimes, for 3 successive pregnancies and lactations, to provide the following daily allowances: (A) 6 lb feed per day in pregnancy and 2 lb plus 1 lb per pig suckled in lactation; (B) the same total as (A) but given as 4 lb per day in regnancy and 6 lb plus 1 lb per pig suckled in lactation; (C) a lower overall allowance distributed during pregnancy as 5 lb during weeks 1, 2, 15 and 16, 3 to 5 lb during weeks 3, 4, 13 and 14 and 2 lb during weeks 5 to 12, and during lactation increasing by 1 lb per day to appetite or a maximum of 26 lb at the 21st day, and then decreasing by 1 lb every alternate day to a minimum of 5 lb. Creep-feed was provided ad libitum from 3 weeks of age until weaning at 8 weeks of age. Differences between groups in litter size and weight at birth were not significant but the combined measure of litter weight was significantly lower in C than in A and B (P<0·05); litter size (P<0·05) and litter weight (P<0·01) but not individual pig weight increased with parity. At 3 and 8 weeks of age there were no significant differences between groups in size or weight of litters or in individual pig weights. Pigs of Group C sows consumed significantly more (P< 0·001) creep feed (7 lb per head) than those of Groups A and B. Sows of Group A gained double the weight of Groups B and C during pregnancy (P<0001) and lost significantly more (P<0·001) during lactation; Groups B and C did not differ significantly in either respect. Efficiencies of feed conversion (EFC) of total food into total weight by sow and litter were poorest in Group A and best in Group C.

scholarly journals The effective use of Pietren breed at purebred and crossbred selection

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
O. Khmeliova ◽  
R. Stavetska
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large White ◽  
Litter Weight ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Experimental Group

The article highlights the problem of finding optimal variants of breeding process in a herd of pigs at purebred and crossbred selection. For this purpose, the control and two experimental groups were formed: ♀ Pietrain × ♂ Pietrain (control), ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White (first experimental group), ♀ (Pietrain × Durok) × ♂ Pitren (second experimental group). The analysis of the animals performance in these groups was carried out in 40, 30 and 35 parities, respectively. The research was conducted on the basis of PE «Maglevovany M.I.» in the Donetsk region. It has been established that the higher level of reproductive characteristics have sows of first experimental group, which have heredity of Large White breed, this breed is traditionally considered as a maternal form in cross-breeding schemes. For instance, their litter size at birth is higher than the same indicator in the control and second experimental group (plus 0,5, P<0,05, and 0,3 piglets, respectively); by the litter size at weaning at 28 days (plus 1,6, P<0,001, and 0,6 piglets); by the litter size at 2 months (plus 1,6, P<0,001, and 0,4 piglets). The highest piglet survival at the age of 2 months was in the litters, whose ancestor were boars of Pietrain breed (second experimental group) − plus 3,6 and 2,3 %, respectively, compered to purebred piglets of Pietrain breed and the first experimental group. For such complex indexes as the litter weight at weaning and litter weight at 2 months the first experimental group had an advantage of 18,1 kg (P<0,001) and 31,1 kg (P<0,001) over the control group (purebred Pietrain) and 5,4 kg and 7,6 kg − over the second experimental group. However, the average piglet weight of sows of second experimental group both at 28 days and at 2 months are equal to the average piglet weight of the same age of the first experimental group. The piglets, which are descendants of boars of meat breeds Duroc and Pietrain show a tendency to the faster growth even in an early age. The avarage live weight of pigs of the second experimental group at the age of 100 days and 7 months is higher compared to avarage live weight of pigs of the same age of the control and the first experimental groups – plus 8,5–21,7 kg (P<0,01 for the second experimental group) and 4,4–13,5 kg (P<0,001 for the second experimental group), respectively. At the age of 100 days, the maximum average daily gain was obtained in the second experimental group with an advantage of 190 g (P<0,001) compared to control group and 115 g (P<0,001) compared to the first experimental group. It is obvious that hybrids with the faster growth, which were obtained through crossbreeding ♀ (Pietrain × Duroc) × ♂ Pietrain reach a live weight of 100 kg in a shorter period: they need less time needed to reach 100 kg of live weight – 32 days less (P<0,001 ) compared to purebred animals of Pietrain breed (control group) and 18 days less (P<0,001) compared to hybrids ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White (the first control group). By such an indicator as the fat thickness the hybrids of the second experimental group dominate by purebred pigs of the same age of the control group (minus 0,2 mm), that characterize the low ability of meat breed for getting fat. The fat thickness of hybrids of the second experimental group was less by 0,9 mm (P<0,001) compared to the pigs of the first experimental group. Thus, in this herd in order to improve the reproductive qualities of sows, it is suggested to use the crossbreeding scheme ♀ (Pietrain × Large White) × ♂ Large White and to improve the fattening qualities of young animals the optimal is scheme of crossbreeding ♀ (Pietrain × Duroc) × ♂ Pietrain. Key words: pigs, Pietrain, Large White, Duroc, purebred and crossbred selection, reproductive and fattening qualities.

The influence of castration on the growth of male pigs in relation to high levels of dietary protein

1967 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. D. Prescott ◽  
G. E. Lamming
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Large White ◽  
Castrate Male ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Conventional Diet ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Plot Experiment

1. A factorial split-plot experiment was conducted to investigate the growth of entire and castrate male pigs on conventional diets and diets containing higher levels of protein. Thirty-two Large White pigs were fed ad libitum from 50 lb to slaughter at 260 lb live weight. The carcasses were dissected.2. The live-weight gain of entire males was the same as that of castrates on the conventional diet, but they grew non-significantly faster than castrates on the higher protein diet.3. The entire males had a lower dressing percentage and less fat in the carcass than the castrates, but more lean, bone and rind, and a similar lean: bone ratio. The leanness of the entire males was increased on the higher level of dietary protein whereas the leanness of the castrates was unaffected except in the leg. The interactions were not significant.4. The carcasses of the entire males were proportionately heavier in the head and shoulders and lighter in the middle than those of the castrates.5. The majority of the entire males had flesh with a slightly tainted flavour.

Reproductive traits of female rabbits as affected by heat stress and lighting regime under subtropical conditions of Egypt

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. F. M. Marai ◽  
A. A. M Habeeb ◽  
A. E. Gad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Intake ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Litter Weight

AbstractThe present work was planned to study the effects of different lighting regimes in both mild and hot periods of the year on New Zealand White doe rabbit traits. The light regimes used were natural daylight as control, 16 h light and 8 h darkness, 12 h light and 12 h darkness, and 8 h light and 16 h darkness. The traits studied were thermoregulatory parameters (respiration rate and temperatures of ear, rectum and skin), type of mating necessary, conception rate, gestation period, fur plucking, behavioural indicators of stress, litter size, litter weight, kit body weight, kit daily gain in weight, milk yield, kit milk intake, efficiency of conversion of milk into live-weight gain and kit mortality, at weekly intervals between birth and weaning at 35 days. Estimation of temperature-humidity index indicated that the doe rabbits were exposed to very severe heat stress, during the hot period of the year. Period of the year (heat stress) affected adversely many of the doe traits studied. The effects were significant (P < 0·001, 0·01 or 0·05) on thermoregulatory parameters (respiration rate and temperatures of ear, rectum and skin), litter weight at days 21 and 28 of age, kit body weight at birth, milk yield of the doe at day 7 of suckling and milk intake per kit at 7 and 14 days of age. Exposure of doe rabbits to a long daylight regime affected adversely many of the traits studied, while the contrary occurred with short daylight. The effects were significant (P < 0·001, 0·01 or 0·05) on litter size at all ages except at birth, litter weight at 14, 21 and 28 days of age, milk yield on all days studied, efficiency of conversion of milk into live-weight gain at days 7, 21 and 28 and mortality at birth and pre-weaning. There was no significant interaction between period of the year and light regime on any of the traits examined. Therefore, only the main factors are reported.

The Influence of Fatness at Parturition. Nutrition during Lactation and Litter Size on the Performance of Breeding Sows

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 39-39
Author(s):  
H. Yang ◽  
P. Phillips ◽  
C.T. Whittemore ◽  
P.R. Eastham
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Large White ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Daily Feeding ◽  
Company Limited ◽  
Ad Libitum

To help resolve the dynamics of fatty tissue mobilisation, and interactions with milk yield and reproductive performance, the experiment reported here takes gilts and sows over four parities to one of two levels of strategic fatness at parturition, and then studies the consequences of high or low lactation feed intakes in conjunction with strong or weak milk withdrawal potentials as achieved by manipulation of litter size.One hundred and two Large White x Landrace F1 hybrid gilts were purchased from the Cotswold Pig Development Company Limited at about 30 kg live weight. At mating, animals were allocated at random to one of B treatments comprising: two levels [fat and thin) of target backfat thickness at parturition (10-14 mm. T vs 20-24 mm. F): two daily feeding levels (high and low) during 4-week lactation [3 kg, L vs ad libitum to a maximum of 7 kg. H): and two sizes of sucking litter (5 vs 9 in parity I. and 6 vs 10 in parities 2. 3 and 4).

The influence of fatness at parturition. nutrition during lactation and litter size on the performance of breeding sows

1988 ◽  
Vol 1988 ◽  
pp. 40-40
Author(s):  
C.T. Whittemore ◽  
H. Yang ◽  
P. Phillips ◽  
P.R. Eastham
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Large White ◽  
Daily Feeding ◽  
Company Limited ◽  
Ad Libitum

The influence of fatness at parturition, nutrition during lactation and the size of litter upon changes in backfat depth, live weight and conformation of sows over four parities has been presented in the first report. The present report will deal with the consequences for reproductive performance and production efficiency.One hundred and two Large White x Landrace Fl hybrid gilts were purchased from the Cotswold Pig Development Company Limited at about 30 kg live weight. At mating, animals were allocated at random to one of B treatments comprising: two levels (fat and thin) of target backfat thickness at parturition (10-14 mm. T vs 20-24 mm. F): two daily feeding levels (high and low) during 4-week lactation (3 kg. L vs ad libitum to a maximum of 7 kg. H): and two sizes of sucking litter (5 vs 9 in parity 1, and 6 vs 10 in parities 2, 3 and 4).

A note on the comparative performance of pigs sired by Piétrain × Large White and Large White boars

1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Smith ◽  
C. R. Toft ◽  
N. Handscombe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Comparative Performance ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Eye Muscles ◽  
Weaning Age

ABSTRACTA Piétrain × Large White boar and a Large White boar were placed on each of 12 farms where the breeding females were crossbred white sows. Cooperators were requested to obtain 10 litters by each sire and record their performance to slaughter at 60 kg live weight. Breed of sire did not affect litter size or piglet body weight at birth or at weaning, age of progeny at slaughter, carcass mid-line fat depths or colour and condition of the ‘eye muscle’. Piétrain crosses had higher carcass yields (1·8%) and larger eye muscles in cross-section (13·2%) than Large White crosses. They also had less depth of fat above the eye muscle (14 %) but this did not confer any advantage in commercial evaluations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document