scholarly journals Perinatal undernutrition programmes thyroid function in the adult rat offspring

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 2207-2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Ayala-Moreno ◽  
Radu Racotta ◽  
Brenda Anguiano ◽  
Carmen Aceves ◽  
Lucía Quevedo
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Fat Depot ◽  
Tsh Levels

Increasing evidence suggests that alterations in early nutrition programme physiological changes in adulthood. In the present study, we determined the effects of undernutrition during gestation and lactation on the programming of thyroid function in adult rat offspring. Perinatal undernutrition was achieved by a 40 % food restriction in female Wistar rats from the mating day to weaning. On postpartum day 21, the offspring of the control and food-restricted dams were weaned and given free access to a commercial diet until adulthood. The results showed that undernourished rats exhibited decreased 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) levels but had normal thyroxine (T4) and thyrotropin (TSH) levels at weaning; on day 90, these rats displayed a significant flip, exhibiting normalised T3(total and free) and total T4levels, but low free T4and persistently higher TSH levels, which were maintained even on postnatal day 140. This profile was accompanied by a scarce fat depot, a lower RMR and an exacerbated sympathetic brown adipose tissue (BAT) tone (deiodinase type 2 expression) in basal conditions. Moreover, when a functional challenge (cold exposure) was applied, the restricted group exhibited partial changes in TSH (29v.100 %) and T4(non-responsev.17 %) levels, a significant decrease in leptin levels (75v. 32 %) and the maintenance of a sympathetic BAT over-response (higher noradrenaline levels) in comparison with the control group. The findings of the present study suggest that undernutrition during the perinatal period produces permanent changes in the hypothalamus–pituitary–thyroid axis with consequent low body weight and decreased RMR and facultative thermogenesis. We hypothesise that these changes predispose individuals to exhibiting adult subclinical hypothyroidism.

scholarly journals Possible Amelioration of the Severity of Nutritional Steatohepatitis by Guggulsterone in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Sara Ameen Nafeer ◽  
Munaf Zalzala
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Group I ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Control Group Group

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide, which characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The aim of this designed study is to evaluate the ability of guggulsterone to prevent high fat diet induced steatohepatitis in mice. Five groups of male mice were selected and treated as the following: group I, mice had free access to standard commercial diet and considered as control group, group II, mice were fed a specially formulated high-fat diet for 12 weeks to induce non-alcoholic liver disease, while groups III, IV and V the mice were administered high fat diet containing guggulsterone at 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm concentration respectively for 12 weeks. Maintaining mice on fat rich diet only resulted in inducing the metabolic and histological NAFLD associated. While the treatment with guggulsterone significantly improves the evaluated markers. These results demonstrate guggulsterone may be useful in preventing the development of steatohepatitis.

scholarly journals Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Graves’ Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huijuan Zheng ◽  
Junping Wei ◽  
Liansheng Wang ◽  
Qiuhong Wang ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Selenium Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Placebo Administration ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tsh Levels

Low selenium status is associated with increased risk of Graves’ disease (GD). While several trials have discussed the efficacy of selenium supplementation for thyroid function, in GD patients, the effectiveness of selenium intake as adjuvant therapy remains unclear. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to determine the efficacy of selenium supplementation on thyroid function in GD patients. Two reviewers searched PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and four Chinese databases for studies published up to October 31, 2017. RCTs comparing the effect of selenium supplementation on thyroid hyperfunction in GD patients on antithyroid medication to placebo were included. Serum free thyroxine (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyrotrophic hormone receptor antibody (TRAb), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were assessed. Ten trials involving 796 patients were included. Random-effects meta-analyses in weighted mean difference (WMD) were performed for 3, 6, and 9 months of supplementation and compared to placebo administration. Selenium supplementation significantly decreased FT4 (WMD=-0.86 [confidence interval (CI)-1.20 to -0.53]; p=0.756; I2=0.0%) and FT3 (WMD=-0.34 [CI-0.66 to -0.02]; p=0.719; I2=0.0%) levels at 3 months, compared to placebo administration; these findings were consistent at 6 but not 9 months. TSH levels were more elevated in the group of patients taking selenium than in the control group at 3 and 6, but not 9 months. TRAb levels decreased at 6 but not 9 months. At 6 months, patients on selenium supplementation were more likely than controls to show improved thyroid function; however, the effect disappeared at 9 months. Whether these effects correlate with clinically relevant measures remains to be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Perinatal undernutrition programmes thyroid function in the adult rat offspring – CORRIGENDUM

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 757-757
Author(s):  
Rosario Ayala-Moreno ◽  
Radu Racotta ◽  
Brenda Anguiano ◽  
Carmen Aceves ◽  
Lucía Quevedo
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring

scholarly journals Transient neonatal hypothyroidism: neurological and intellectual features in children aged 5-7 years

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
L. N. Samsonova ◽  
Ye. V. Kiseleva ◽  
V. P. Zykov ◽  
L. L. Naumenko ◽  
E. P. Kasatkina
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neonatal Hypothyroidism ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Tsh Levels

The paper evaluates the perinatal period of the mental, intellectual, and neurological status of children with prior transient neonatal hypothyroidism (TNH). The study involved 60 children aged 5-7years who had been born in Moscow; they had thyroidstimulating hormone (TSH) levels of 20 m U/I. In 56 children of them, spontaneous normalization of TSH levels occurred following 1-6 months by the moment of retesting. Four children in whom no normalization occurred by the moment of serum testing received levothyroxine therapy for 5 months to 4.5 years. A control group comprised 25 children who were parity by all signs and had normal TSH levels at birth. Examination of children included the assessment of their obstetric histories, neonatal TSH, the estimation of the neurological and psychointellectual development at the age of 5-7years. The results have indicated that the children with prior TNH have neurological and psychointellectual features (speech disorders, diminished intellectual operations that characterize logic and image thinking) that may exert a negative impact on the subsequent development of a child and lead to social disadaptation, which makes it necessary to follow up this group of children.

scholarly journals Effects of Perinatal Fluoxetine Exposure on Novelty-induced Social and Non-Social Investigation Behaviors in a Seminatural Environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Christian Sylte ◽  
Jesper Solheim Johansen ◽  
Indrek Heinla ◽  
Danielle J Houwing ◽  
Jocelien DA Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Perinatal Exposure ◽  
Social Investigation ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are increasingly prescribed as medication for various affective disorders during pregnancy. SSRIs cross the placenta and affect serotonergic neurotransmission in the fetus, but the neurobehavioral consequences for the offspring remain largely unclear. Recent rodent research has linked perinatal SSRI exposure to alterations in both social and non-social aspects of behavior. However, this research has mainly focused on behavior within simplified environments. The current study investigates the effects of perinatal SSRI exposure on social and non-social investigation behaviors of adult rat offspring upon introduction to a novel seminatural environment with unknown conspecifics. During the perinatal period (gestational day 1 until postnatal day 21), rat dams received daily treatment with either an SSRI (fluoxetine, 10 mg/kg) or vehicle. Adult male and female offspring were observed within the first hour after introduction to a seminatural environment. The results showed that perinatal fluoxetine exposure altered aspects of non-social investigation behaviors, while not altering social investigation behaviors. More specific, both fluoxetine exposed males and females spent more total time on locomotor activity than controls. Furthermore, fluoxetine exposed females spent less time exploring objects and specific elements in the environment. The data suggest that perinatal exposure to SSRIs leads to a quicker, less detailed investigation strategy in novel environments, and that the alteration is mostly pronounced in females.

THYROID FUNCTION IN THE PREMATURE AND THE FULL TERM NEWBORN

1972 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Th. Lemarchand-Béraud ◽  
A. R. Genazzani ◽  
F. Bagnoli ◽  
M. Casoli
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Thyroxine Binding Globulin ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
Premature Newborns ◽  
Important Reserve ◽  
Term Newborn ◽  
Free Serum ◽  
Tsh Levels

ABSTRACT Total and free serum thyroxine, plasma thyrotrophin (TSH) levels and, in some cases, the binding capacity of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) were measured in normal and premature newborns. In both groups, an acute release of TSH was observed in the first few hours of life, but this was prolonged over a period of 10 days in the premature newborns. The release of TSH induced, in both groups, an increase of total and free serum thyroxine (T4), reaching thyrotoxic levels. The TBG binding capacity, however, remains normal. This thyroid hyperactivity at birth reveals an important reserve of TSH in the perinatal period and the great metabolic needs of the foetus on the first day of life.

scholarly journals Effects of perinatal fluoxetine exposure on novelty-induced social and non-social investigation behaviors in a seminatural environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Christian Sylte ◽  
Jesper Solheim Johansen ◽  
Indrek Heinla ◽  
Danielle J. Houwing ◽  
Jocelien D. A. Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Perinatal Exposure ◽  
Social Investigation ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Rat Offspring ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are increasingly prescribed as medication for various affective disorders during pregnancy. SSRIs cross the placenta and affect serotonergic neurotransmission in the fetus, but the neurobehavioral consequences for the offspring remain largely unclear. Recent rodent research has linked perinatal SSRI exposure to alterations in both social and non-social aspects of behavior. However, this research has mainly focused on behavior within simplified environments. The current study investigates the effects of perinatal SSRI exposure on social and non-social investigation behaviors of adult rat offspring upon introduction to a novel seminatural environment with unknown conspecifics. During the perinatal period (gestational day 1 until postnatal day 21), rat dams received daily treatment with either an SSRI (fluoxetine, 10 mg/kg) or vehicle. Adult male and female offspring were observed within the first hour after introduction to a seminatural environment. The results showed that perinatal fluoxetine exposure altered aspects of non-social investigation behaviors, while not altering social investigation behaviors. More specifically, both fluoxetine-exposed males and females spent more total time on locomotor activity than controls. Furthermore, fluoxetine-exposed females spent less time exploring objects and specific elements in the environment. The data suggest that perinatal exposure to SSRIs leads to a quicker, less detailed investigation strategy in novel environments and that the alteration is mostly pronounced in females.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document