scholarly journals Ageing, retirement and changes in vegetable consumption in France: findings from the prospective GAZEL cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (6) ◽  
pp. 979-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Plessz ◽  
Alice Guéguen ◽  
Marcel Goldberg ◽  
Sébastien Czernichow ◽  
Marie Zins
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Imputation ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Estimating Equations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Transition To Retirement ◽  
Retirement Status ◽  
Generalised Estimating Equations ◽  
Retirement Study

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe the change in vegetable consumption with ageing and the transition to retirement. Study subjects were the participants of the GAZEL prospective cohort (Gaz and Électricité de France) aged 40–49 years at inclusion in 1989 who retired between 1991 and 2008 (12 942 men and 2739 women). Four FFQ were completed from 1990 to 2009. We used multiple imputation by chained equations in order to avoid dropping incomplete cases. The OR for eating vegetables everyday was estimated as a function of ageing, retirement status and the place of lunch before retirement through generalised estimating equations. Analyses were stratified by sex, and models were adjusted for confounders, including current spousal status. In 1990, 17·7 % of men and 31 % of women reported eating vegetables daily. The odds of consuming vegetables everyday increased with ageing for both men and women. The usual place of lunch was home for less than half the sample before retirement and for almost every respondent after retirement. For those who changed their place of lunch, the association between being retired and the odds of eating vegetables daily was positive and significant. We found that, in this cohort, vegetable consumption increased with ageing. Retirement had an indirect effect on vegetable consumption mediated by changes in the place of lunch.

Does Retirement Get Under the Skin and Into the Head? Testing the Pathway from Retirement to Cardio-Metabolic Risk, then to Episodic Memory

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Katsuya Oi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Word Recall ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Retirement Status ◽  
Retirement Study

Many studies document significant causal impacts of retirement on cognitive abilities. It remains unclear if cognitive functioning could be hindered in post-retirement due to heightened physiological responses to stress. Using repeated observations of biomarkers, retirement status, and the word-recall test score from the Health and Retirement Study (n = 25,367; 15,343 among women and 10,024 among men), the study tests this pathway, separately for men and women. The study employs the two-stage least squares fixed-effects model that simultaneously fits three equations predicting the total-recall score, cardio-metabolic risk index, and retirement status. Being retired for at least a year decreases cardio-metabolic risk for men and women, and the resulting relief of cardio-metabolic risk improves cognitive functioning for women but not for men. Retirement does not lead to a downward health spiral as previously suggested; rather, it provides a much needed relief from stressors for those who are at health risks.

Socioeconomic Determinants of Early Retirement in Canada

1984 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lynn McDonald ◽  
Richard A. Wanner
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Retirement Status ◽  
Mobility Study

ABSTRACTIn view of the trend toward increasing early retirement observed in Canada since the 1960's, this study attempts to determine the main socioeconomic factors influencing the decision to retire before age 65 among Canadian men and women. Using data from the 1973 Canadian Mobility Study, we estimate a series of models in which retirement is measured as both the degree of involvement in the labour force and a subjective declaration of retirement status. We conclude that those Canadians who retire early tend to be single men and married women employed by others who are better educated and whose nonearned income is higher than those who retire at a later age. As anticipated, early retirement experiences are different for men and women, reflecting the more precarious position of women in the labour market.

scholarly journals Parents survive longer after stroke than childless individuals: a prospective cohort study of Swedes over the age of 65

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1090-1095
Author(s):  
Anna C Meyer ◽  
Jenny Torssander ◽  
Mats Talbäck ◽  
Karin Modig
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Number Of Children

Abstract Background Parents have lower mortality than childless individuals, and one possible explanation is support provided by adult children. Since stroke often results in functional limitations, support from children may be of particular importance. Here, we examine whether the presence of children matters for survival after stroke among older Swedish men and women. Methods This prospective cohort study linked data from several Swedish population registers. Individuals aged 65 years and older hospitalized for their first ischemic stroke between 1998 and 2002 (33 960 men and 36 189 women) were followed 12 years for survival. Hazard ratios for all-cause mortality were calculated by number of children using Cox proportional hazard regression stratified by sex and marital status and adjusted for education, income and comorbidities. Results Childlessness and having only one child was associated with higher mortality after stroke compared with having two children among men and women. The relative survival disadvantage of childless individuals was largest among married women [HR 1.28 (1.18–1.39)] and smallest among married men [1.09 (1.03–1.15)]. The differences in predicted median survival between childless individuals and those with two children were 4 and 7 months among married and unmarried men, and 15 and 9 months among married and unmarried women, respectively. Conclusions Having children is associated with a longer survival after stroke among men and women regardless of marital status. Our findings further suggest that the presence of children is especially connected to married women’s survival. These results may have implications for the improvement of informal care for childless older individuals.

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