scholarly journals Fatty acid transport receptor soluble CD36 and dietary fatty acid pattern in type 2 diabetic patients: a comparative study

2018 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Ekici ◽  
Ucler Kisa ◽  
Senay Arikan Durmaz ◽  
Elif Ugur ◽  
Reyhan Nergiz-Unal
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Pattern ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fatty Acid Transport ◽  
Type 2 Dm

AbstractRecently, it has been remarked that dietary fatty acids and fatty acid receptors might be involved in the aetiology of diabetes. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between dietary fatty acid pattern, fatty food preferences and soluble CD36 (sCD36) and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The study was carried out with thirty-eight newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients and thirty-seven healthy volunteers, aged 30–65 years. In the study, socio-demographic characteristics, dietary fat type and fatty acid pattern of individuals were recorded. After anthropometric measurements were taken, blood CD36, glucose, TAG and insulin levels were analysed. The results showed that although the type of fatty acid intake did not differ between the groups (P>0·05), the consumption of olive oil in the type 2 DM group was lower than the control group (P<0·05). Mean blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, TAG and sCD36 levels were determined to be higher in the type 2 DM group (P<0·05). However, there was no correlation between sCD36 levels and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value, blood insulin and TAG levels, waist circumference, dietary fatty acid pattern and food preferences in the type 2 DM group (P>0·05). Crucially, elevated sCD36 levels increased the type 2 DM risk (OR 1·21, P<0·05). In conclusion, sCD36 level may be a possible biomarker, independent from the dietary fatty acid pattern, for type 2 DM owing to its higher levels in these patients. Therefore, the new insights make CD36 attractive as a therapeutic target for diabetes.

Dietary lipids and gene expression

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.M. Roche
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Dietary Lipids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrition is a key environmental factor that is particularly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of several polygenic, diet-related diseases. Nutrigenomics refers to the interaction between nutrition and the human genome. Dietary fatty acids interact with multiple nutrient-sensitive transcription factors. This explains the molecular basis of some of the health effects associated with altered dietary fatty acid composition. The metabolic syndrome is a very common condition, characterized by insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. It often precedes Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Several lines of evidence suggest that the interaction between nutrient-derived metabolic stressors and pro-inflammatory signals play an important role in the aetiology of insulin resistance and the development of the metabolic syndrome. This paper will address the interaction between several nutrient-sensitive transcription factors, including SREBP (sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein) and NFκB (nuclear factor κB), demonstrating how this interaction may be altered with dietary fatty acid interventions.

Insulin Resistance Is Associated with Increased Circulating Level of Thrombin-Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 660-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuko Hori ◽  
Esteban C. Gabazza ◽  
Yukata Yano ◽  
Akira Katsuki ◽  
Koji Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Fibrinolysis Inhibitor

Hypofibrinolysis is a common finding in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity and a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Recently, a new potent inhibitor of fibrinolysis, the thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) has been isolated and characterized from human plasma. The present study was undertaken to assess the activity and circulating level of TAFI and its relation to fibrinolytic function and obesity in patients with type 2 DM. Fifty-seven patients with type 2 DM (38 men, 19 women) were enrolled in this study. DM patients were categorized in age-matched obese [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25] and nonobese (BMI &lt; 25) groups. The plasma concentration and activity of TAFI were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher in DM patients than in healthy controls. The plasma levels and activity of TAFI were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) elevated in obese DM patients compared with nonobese DM and nonobese healthy subjects. RT-PCR demonstrated the expression of TAFI in human adipose tissue and in human endothelial cells. The plasma levels of TAFI were independently and significantly correlated with glucose intolerance (HbA1c), with obesity (BMI, visceral fat area), and with an indicator of insulin resistance (glucose infusion rate). This study showed that increased circulating level of TAFI may be an important causative factor of hypofibrinolysis in patients with type 2 diabetes, obesity and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Associations between Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4–A Proinflammatory Adipokine and Insulin Resistance, Gestational and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Trojnar ◽  
Jolanta Patro-Małysza ◽  
Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar ◽  
Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak ◽  
Jerzy Mosiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein

There is ample scientific evidence to suggest a link between the fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and insulin resistance, gestational (GDM), and type 2 (T2DM) diabetes mellitus. This novel proinflammatory adipokine is engaged in the regulation of lipid metabolism at the cellular level. The molecule takes part in lipid oxidation, the regulation of transcription as well as the synthesis of membranes. An involvement of FABP4 in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance seems to be mediated via FABP4-dependent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) inhibition. A considerable number of studies have shown that plasma concentrations of FABP4 is increased in obesity and T2DM, and that circulating FABP4 levels are correlated with certain clinical parameters, such as body mass index, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia. Since plasma-circulating FABP4 has the potential to modulate the function of several types of cells, it appears to be of extreme interest to try to develop potential therapeutic strategies targeting the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases in this respect. In this manuscript, representing a detailed review of the literature on FABP4 and the abovementioned metabolic disorders, various mechanisms of the interaction of FABP4 with insulin signaling pathways are thoroughly discussed. Clinical aspects of insulin resistance in diabetic patients, including women diagnosed with GDM, are analyzed as well.

Sarcolemmal fatty acid uptake vs. mitochondrial β-oxidation as target to regress cardiac insulin resistanceThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 14th International Biochemistry of Exercise Conference – Muscles as Molecular and Metabolic Machines, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost J.F.P. Luiken
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Cpt I ◽  
Rate Limiting

Cardiomyopathy and heart failure are frequent comorbid conditions in type-2 diabetic patients. However, it has become increasingly evident that insulin resistance, type-2 diabetes, and cardiomyopathy are not independent variables, and are linked through changes in metabolism. Specifically, elevated intracellular levels of long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) metabolites are a central feature in the development of cardiac insulin resistance, and their prolonged accumulation is an important cause of heart failure. In the insulin-resistant heart, the abundance of the LCFA transporters CD36 and FABPpm at the sarcolemma of cardiac myocytes appears to be markedly increased. Because circulating LCFA levels are increased in insulin resistance, the cardiac LCFA metabolizing machinery is confronted with drastic increases in substrate supply. Indeed, LCFA esterification into triacylglycerol and other lipid intermediates is increased, as is β-oxidation and reactive oxygen species production. Therapeutic strategies to normalize the cardiac LCFA flux would be most successful when the target is the rate-limiting step in cardiac LCFA utilization. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-I has long been considered to be this rate-limiting site and, accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of CPT-I, or β-oxidation enzymes, has been proposed as an insulin-resistance-antagonizing strategy. However, recent evidence indicates that, instead, sarcolemmal LCFA transport mediated by CD36 in concert with FABPpm provides a major site of flux control. In this review, it is proposed that a pharmacologically imposed net internalization of CD36 and FABPpm is the preferable strategy to limit LCFA entry and accumulation of LCFA metabolites, to regress cardiac insulin resistance and, eventually, prevent diabetic heart failure.

scholarly journals Clinical Utility of Serum Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein (A-FABP) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Complicated with Metabolic Syndrome

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Elfeky ◽  
E Elhadidy ◽  
M Maher ◽  
D M Awad
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Acid Binding Protein ◽  
Type 2 Dm

Abstract Objective The adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) has been described as a biomarker for adiposity and obesity-related disease. The aim of this study was to assess the association between fasting serum A-FABP level and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among type 2 DM patients. Methods Fasting blood samples were obtained from 60 type 2 diabetic patients for assessment of serum A-FABP level (30 subjects without MetS and 30 subjects with MetS) compared to 30 healthy control subjects recruited from Endocrinology Department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. A-FABP protein was assayed using ELISA technique, MetS component (waist circumference, fasting serum glucose, triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and blood pressure), as well as homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and highly sensitive C-reactive protein ( hsCRP) were assayed for all subjects. Results Diabetic persons who had MetS had significantly higher serum A-FABP levels than either without MetS or healthy controls [Median (25-75 percentiles): 10.5(8.25-14.25); 3.4(0.20-6.00) and 1.5(0.78-2.63) respectively ; p &lt; 0.01). However (HOMA-IR) and hsCRP did not show significant difference between diabetic patients with MetS versus diabetic patients without MetS (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions Our results indicate that serum A-FABP level is an early marker for the development of MetS in type 2 DM patients, thus its assessment could be beneficial in diagnosis of MetS.

Lipid metabolism, exercise and insulin action

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arend Bonen ◽  
G. Lynis Dohm ◽  
Luc J.C. van Loon
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Fatty Acid Transport ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
Severely Obese

Skeletal muscle constitutes 40% of body mass and takes up 80% of a glucose load. Therefore, impaired glucose removal from the circulation, such as that which occurs in obesity and type 2 diabetes, is attributable in large part to the insulin resistance in muscle. Recent research has shown that fatty acids, derived from adipose tissue, can interfere with insulin signalling in muscle. Hence, insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation to the cell surface is impaired, and therefore, the rate of glucose removal from the circulation into muscle is delayed. The mechanisms provoking lipid-mediated insulin resistance are not completely understood. In sedentary individuals, excess intramyocellular accumulation of triacylglycerols is only modestly associated with insulin resistance. In contrast, endurance athletes, despite accumulating large amounts of intramyocellular triacylglycerols, are highly insulin sensitive. Thus it appears that lipid metabolites, other than triacylglycerols, interfere with insulin signalling. These metabolites, however, are not expected to accumulate in athletic muscles, as endurance training increases the capacity for fatty acid oxidation by muscle. These observations, and others in severely obese individuals and type 2 diabetes patients, suggest that impaired rates of fatty acid oxidation are associated with insulin resistance. In addition, in obesity and type 2 diabetes, the rates of fatty acid transport into muscle are also increased. Thus, excess intracellular lipid metabolite accumulation, which interferes with insulin signalling, can occur as a result of impaired rates of fatty acid oxidation and/or increased rates of fatty acid transport into muscle. Accumulation of excess intramyocellular lipid can be avoided by exercise, which improves the capacity for fatty acid oxidation.

scholarly journals Effect of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on serum fasting glucose and HbA1c levels in type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Tamanna Binte Habib ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Diabetic Patient ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major non-communicable health problem that have effects on glycemic status. Oral omega-3 fatty acid supplementation may improve glycemic status in diabetic patient. Objective: To observe the effect of supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid on fasting serum glucose (FSG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in type 2 DM. Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017. A total numbers of 52 diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients(type-2 DM) of both sexes were selected with age 40 to 50 years. Among them, 27 type 2 diabetic patient with supplementation of omega 3 fatty acid (2g/day) for 12 weeks was considered as study group. Another 25 type 2 diabetic patients without supplementation of omega 3 fatty acid was considered as control group. The study subjects were selected from Outpatient Department of Endocrinology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka and personal contact from Dhaka city. FSG was estimated by enzymatic colorimetric method and HbA1c was estimated by turbidimetric inhibition immunoassay method. The study parameters were measured at base line and after 12 weeks of study period in both groups. For statistical analysis, Student’s paired ‘t’ test and Student’s unpaired ‘t’ test were performed as applicable using SPSS for windows version 16.0. Results: In this study serum FSG and HbA1c levels were significantly lower (p<.001) in diabetic patients after supplementation with omega-3 fatty acid in comparison to that of their baseline value. Again, after 12 weeks, FSG and HbA1c levels significantly decreased (p<.001) in omega-3 fatty acid supplemented diabetic patients compared to control group. In control group, there was no significant change in FSG and HbA1c levels between baseline and after 3 months of follow-up. Conclusion: From the results of the study, it can be concluded that omega-3 fatty acid may improve serum FSG and HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetic patient and may be helpful to minimize the complications of type-2 DM. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2019, June; 14(1): 33-37

Abnormal dietary fatty acid metabolic partitioning in insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 703-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
André C Carpentier ◽  
Sébastien M Labbé ◽  
Thomas Grenier-Larouche ◽  
Christophe Noll
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid

scholarly journals The effect of fish oil capsule on serum total cholesterol and triglycride levels in type-2 diabetic patient

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Tamanna Binte Habib ◽  
Qazi Shamima Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Diabetic Patient ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the common metabolic disorders that have effects on lipid metabolism. Fish oil supplementation may improve lipid abnormalities in diabetic patient.Objective: To observe the effect of supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid on total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride(TG) level in type 2 DM. Methods: A prospective interventional study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2017. A total numbers of 52 diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients of both sexes were selected with age 40 to 50 years. Among them, 27 type 2 diabetic patient with supplementation of omega 3 fatty acid (2g/ day) for 12 weeks was considered as study group. Another 25 type 2 diabetic patients without supplementation of omega 3 fatty acid was considered as control group. The study subjects were selected from Outpatient Department of Endocrinology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka and personal contact from Dhaka city.Serum TC and TG were estimated by enzymatic endpoint method in autoanalyzer. The study parameters were measured at base line and after 12 weeks of study period in both groups. For statistical analysis, Paired Student’s‘t’ test and Unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test were performed as applicable using SPSS for windows version 16.0. Results: In this study serumTC and TG levels were significantly lower (p<.001) in diabetic patients after supplementation with omega- 3 fatty acid in comparison to that of their baseline value.Again, after 12 weeks, serum TC and TG levels were significantly lower (p<.001) in diabetic patients after supplementation with omega-3 fatty acid in comparison to control group. In control group, serum TC and TG levels were almost similar both at baseline and after 3 months of follow-up. Conclusion: After analyzing the results of the study, it can be concluded that omega-3 fatty acid may improve serum TC and TG levels in type 2 diabetic patient and may be helpful to minimize the complications of type-2 DM. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2018, December; 13(2): 73-77

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