Brassica aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) populations are conditioned by climatic variables and parasitism level: a study case of Triângulo Mineiro, Brazil

AbstractCosmopolitan pests such asBrevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis pseudobrassicae, andMyzus persicae(Aphididae) cause significant damage to Brassicaceae crops. Assessment of the important biotic and abiotic factors that regulate these pests is an essential step in the development of effective Integrated Pest Management programs for these aphids. This study evaluated the influence of leaf position, precipitation, temperature, and parasitism on populations ofL. pseudobrassicae, M. persicae, andB. brassicaein collard greens fields in the Triângulo Mineiro region (Minas Gerais state), Brazil. Similar numbers ofB. brassicaewere found on all parts of the collard green plants, whereasM. persicaeandL. pseudobrassicaewere found in greatest numbers on the middle and lower parts of the plant. While temperature and precipitation were positively related to aphid population size, their effects were not accumulative, as indicated by a negative interaction term. AlthoughDiaeretiella rapaewas the main parasitoid of these aphids, hyperparasitism was dominant; the main hyperparasitoid species recovered from plant samples wasAlloxysta fuscicornis. Parasitoids seem to have similar distributions on plants as their hosts. These results may help predict aphid outbreaks and gives clues for specific intra-plant locations when searching for and monitoring aphid populations.

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Effects of Environmental Stress on Primate Populations

Annual Review of Anthropology ◽

10.1146/annurev-anthro-102317-045949 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 417-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jason M. Kamilar ◽

Lydia Beaudrot

Keyword(s):

Environmental Stress ◽

Life History Traits ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Scale Up ◽

Biotic Interactions ◽

Camera Traps ◽

Ranging Behavior ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Macro Scale ◽

Physiological Demands

Environmental stress on primate populations can take many forms. Abiotic factors, such as temperature and precipitation, may directly influence the behavior of primates owing to physiological demands of thermoregulation or through indirect influences on vegetation that primates rely on for food. These effects can also scale up to the macro scale, impacting primate distributions and evolution. Primates also encounter stress during interactions within and between species (i.e., biotic interactions). For example, selective pressure from male-perpetrated infanticide can drive the development of female counterstrategies and can impact life-history traits. Predation on primates can modify group size, ranging behavior, and habitat use. Finally, humans have influenced primate populations for millennia. More recently, hunting, habitat disturbance, disease, and climate change have increased in frequency and severity with detrimental impacts on primate populations worldwide. These effects and recent evidence from camera traps emphasize the importance of maintaining protected areas for conserving primate populations.

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Hydrosedimentologic disturbance index applied to watersheds of Minas Gerais state

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/s1413-70542014000100007 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 61-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Matheus Fonseca Durães ◽

Carlos Rogério de Mello

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Subsequent Development ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Environmental Response ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Assessment And Monitoring ◽

Hydrological Stress ◽

Study Case ◽

The Relationship ◽

Potential Tool

Ecological indicators have become important tools for assessment and monitoring of natural resources, being the understanding of the relationship between antropic activities and the environmental response essential for their structuring. Although the development of potential indicators may prove sensitive to many variables, they must demonstrate their ability to take the surrounding conditions, from those relatively preserved to those highly disturbed. Based on this premise, the development of the Hydrossedimentological DisturbanceIndex (HSDI) for environmental assessment at watersheds in Minas Gerais state, emerges as a potential tool to support decisions which should be focused on the improvement of natural resources management. A HSDI proposal was developed from the hydrological, climate and water quality database available in Minas Gerais state, highlighting sediment transport (ST), hydrological stress (HS), groundwater recharge (Rec) and current soil erosion potential (SEP), working with a robust tool for determining the weights of factors with appropriate scientific background and subsequent development of map for analyzing its distribution, having Paraopeba river watershed as study case.

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Landscape genomics of an obligate mutualism: discordant population structures between a leafcutter-ant and its fungal cultivars

10.1101/458950 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Chad C. Smith ◽

Jesse N. Weber ◽

Alexander S. Mikheyev ◽

Flavio Roces ◽

Martin Bollazzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Genotyping By Sequencing ◽

Range Limit ◽

Range Margin ◽

Landscape Genomics ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Obligate Mutualism

AbstractTo explore landscape genomics at the range limit of an obligate mutualism, we used genotyping-by-sequencing (ddRADseq) to quantify population structure and the effect of hostsymbiont interactions between the northernmost fungus-farming leafcutter ant Atta texana and its two main types of cultivated fungus. At local scales, genome-wide differentiation between ants associated with either of the two fungal types is greater than the differentiation associated with the abiotic factors temperature and precipitation, suggesting that specific ant-fungus genome-genome combinations may have been favored by selection. For the ant hosts, we found a broad cline of genetic structure across the range, and a reduction of genetic diversity along the axis of range expansion towards the range margin. In contrast, genetic structure was patchy in the cultivated fungi, with no consistent reduction of fungal genetic diversity at the range margins. This discordance in population-genetic structure between ant hosts and fungal symbionts is surprising because the ant farmers co-disperse with their vertically-transmitted fungal symbionts, but apparently the fungi disperse occasionally also through between-nest horizontal transfer or other unknown dispersal mechanisms. The discordance in populationgenetic structure indicates that genetic drift and gene flow differ in magnitude between each partner in this leafcutter mutualism. Together, these findings imply that variation in the strength of drift and gene flow experienced by each mutualistic partner affects adaptation to environmental stress at the range margin, and genome-genome interactions between host and symbiont influences adaptive genetic differentiation of the host during range evolution in this obligate mutualism.

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Detection of enteroparasites in foliar vegetables commercialized in street- and supermarkets in Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.245368 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 82 ◽

Author(s):

L. F. N. Rocha ◽

S. S. Rodrigues ◽

T. B. Santos ◽

M. F. Pereira ◽

J. Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Parasites ◽

Species Level ◽

Hymenolepis Nana ◽

Collard Greens ◽

Dipylidium Caninum ◽

Route Of Transmission ◽

The Family ◽

Family Level ◽

The City ◽

Collard Green

Abstract Foliar vegetables contaminated with fecal residues are an important route of transmission of intestinal parasites to humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of parasitic forms of protozoa and helminths on lettuces (Lactuca sativa) and collard greens (Brassica oleracea) sold in street- and supermarkets in the city of Aparecida de Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. A total of 30 samples of each vegetable (15 samples from each supermarkets and street markets) was analyzed. All samples were processed by spontaneous sedimentation method and centrifugal flotation. In 45% of the samples, immature forms of intestinal parasites were identified with 66.7% helminths eggs and 33.3% protozoan cysts or oocysts. Significantly more lettuce samples were contaminated with eggs, cysts or oocyst of at least one parasite than collard green samples (U=216; Z=-3.45; P <0.001). The parasitic forms were identified morphologically up to the family level with eggs of Ancylostomatidae, Strongyloididae, Ascarididae and Taeniidae, or oocysts of Eimeriidae, to the genus with Cystoisospora sp. and Toxocara sp., and to the species level with Cystoisospora canis, Dipylidium caninum and Hymenolepis nana. The presence of these infective agents in lettuce and collard green from both street- and supermarkets highlights the high risk of spreading parasites by eating raw vegetables sold in Aparecida de Goiânia.

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SPESIES PARASITOID LIPAPHIS ERYSIMI ASAL SUMATERA SELATAN DAN VARIASI PARASITISASINYA PADA TUMBUHAN INANG YANG BERBEDA

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.212111-118 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 111-118

Author(s):

Siti Herlinda ◽

Erise Anggraini ◽

Chandra Irsan ◽

Abu Umayah ◽

Rosdah Thalib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Initial Phase ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Diaeretiella Rapae ◽

Lipaphis Erysimi ◽

Parasitoid Species ◽

Parasitism Level ◽

Female Bias

Lipaphis erysimi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the main insect pests on brassicaceous crops. Aphids attack crops by sucking sap from its hosts. Densed population in the initial phase of crop growth could inhibit growing, loss in yield up to 100%. Experiments were aimed to explore and identify species of L. erysimi parasitoid in highland areas of South Sumatra, and to determine potency of the parasitoids to parasitize L. erysimi in laboratory. The highest parasitism level of L. erysimi (72.40%) was found on 200 aphids which reared on B. juncea. While, the second highest parasitism level (65.67%) was found on N. indicum. The number of mummies found on N. indicum was less than on B. juncea. Of all observations, every treatment on every tested plant showed that female D. rapae emerged more than male D. rapae (female bias). The two parasitoids species that parasitized L. erysimi were Diaeretiella rapae and Aphidius sp. Parasitisation at several location in South Sumatera was highly diverse. D. rapae was the most abundant parasitoid species on several high lands at South Sumatera.

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Strategy for phytomanagement in an area affected by iron ore dam rupture: A study case in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 249 ◽

pp. 1029-1037 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Valéria Cristina Palmeira Zago ◽

Nathália Corrêa das Dores ◽

Beatriz Amanda Watts

Keyword(s):

Iron Ore ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Study Case

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Floristic variations in a woody plant community along a trail in a Semideciduous Seasonal Forest, Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Hoehnea ◽

10.1590/s2236-89062011000100006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 61-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pedro Vasconcellos Eisenlohr ◽

Maria Margarida da Rocha Fiuza de Melo ◽

Mariana Rodrigues da Silva ◽

Philippe Schmal ◽

Walnir Gomes Ferreira-Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Community ◽

Woody Plant ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Environmental Policies ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Woody Vegetation ◽

Forest Interior ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

The Future ◽

Semideciduous Seasonal Forest

The opening and use of a trail can modify abiotic factors along its route and in the closer surroundings. These changes can be verified by floristic changes of vegetation. This study evaluated a possible influence of a trail on the woody vegetation (DBH ³ 2.5 cm, except lianas) in a Semideciduous Seasonal Forest in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (20º45'S and 42º51'W). Ten plots were sampled in an area near a trail and 10 other plots in the forest interior, totaling 718 individuals. Cluster (WPGMA) and ordination (DCA) analysis suggest that it may be a certain degree of influence of the trail on vegetation, although some results were intriguing. Further studies may be added to this in order to establish, in the future, environmental policies that take this source of interference with native ecosystems into account.

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Feasibility project for implementation of conveyor belts in an iron ore mine. Study case: Fabrica Mine in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Rem Revista Escola de Minas ◽

10.1590/0370-44672013690021 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 79-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Breno Gonçalves Cardozo Ribeiro ◽

Wilson Trigueiro de Sousa ◽

José Aurélio Medeiros da Luz

Keyword(s):

Iron Ore ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Iron Ore Mine ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Conveyor Belts ◽

Study Case

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Barriers to the involvement of the elderly in public services to promote physical activity

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232015203.03702014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 739-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Renato Mendonça Ribeiro ◽

Sheilla Tribess ◽

Andrêza Soares dos Santos ◽

Lélia Lessa Teixeira Pinto ◽

Maria da Conceição Lopes Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Elderly People ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

The Elderly ◽

Community Programs ◽

Behavioural Characteristics ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Insufficient Physical Activity ◽

Study Case

The aim of this study was to examine the sociodemographic, health and behavioural characteristics related to non-participation of elderly people in activities offered by the program PROETI Health of Uberaba, Minas Gerais state. Observational study, case-control design with pairing 1:1 and sample composed of 220 elderly 60-80 years. Binary Logistic Regression was used to identify the sociodemographic, health and behavioral factors associated with non-engagement of non-users to the program. After hierarchical analysis, the non-engagement of the elderly in the program activities was associated with depressive symptoms, insufficient physical activity in the domain of leisure and reduced self-efficacy for performing moderate or vigorous physical activity. The characteristics identified in this study should receive priority attention in the formulation of community programs targeted at promoting physical activity for elderly people.

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Reproductive phenology of Ditassa burchellii (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), a herbaceous vine, in a semi-deciduous forest from Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860201970006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

Author(s):

Anderson Lopes Fontes ◽

Adriano Valentin-Silva ◽

Milene Faria Vieira

Keyword(s):

Deciduous Forest ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Day Length ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Reproductive Phenology ◽

Flower Bud ◽

Dispersal Mode ◽

Rayleigh Test ◽

Immature Fruit ◽

Minas Gerais State

Abstract We analyzed the reproductive phenology of Ditassa burchellii and the influence of abiotic factors on the species phenophases. The study was conducted on individuals of a natural population from a semi-deciduous forest (Viçosa municipality, Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil). We quantified the activity and intensity indices of the following phenophases: flower bud, flower, immature fruit, and dehiscent fruit. To test for seasonality of phenophases, we analyzed each of them using Rayleigh test. We evaluated whether there was any association between abiotic variables (mean temperature, rainfall, and day length) and phenophases, in the month of occurrence and in the three months prior to the occurrence of each phenophase. The analyzed phenophases occurred mainly at the end of the rainy season and during the dry season, with overlapping periods, but with sequential peaks. The periods of occurrence of reproductive phenophases were similar to the ones in other climbing species and were mainly related to the dispersal mode. All phenophases were seasonal and were associated with at least one abiotic variable, either in the month of their occurrence or in the previous months.

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