Word Blends as Sublexical Substitutions

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Stuart Laubstein
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Structural Approach ◽  
Metrical Structure ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Complete Part ◽  
Production Models

AbstractThe standard structural approach to word blends, such as noise1/sound2 → nound, has been to assume they involve a splicing together of the two words, where part of word2 is used to complete part of word1. The splice position has then been used as the source of mental lexicon generalizations. On the basis of 166 naturally occurring word blends, this article argues for a different approach—a “substitution” approach. The approach allows a comparison of the properties that word blends share with sublexical exchanges, anticipations, perseverations and substitutions; in addition, it accounts for the convergence of these properties. The substitution analysis allows a principled distinction between target and intruder; it predicts metrical structure output, and possible and impossible errors; moreover, the substitution analysis simplifies and constrains language production models.

A modular approach to language production: Models and facts

Cortex ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 61-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Valle-Lisboa ◽  
Andrés Pomi ◽  
Álvaro Cabana ◽  
Brita Elvevåg ◽  
Eduardo Mizraji
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Modular Approach ◽  
Production Models

Cut (n) and cut (v) are not homophones: Lemma frequency affects the duration of noun–verb conversion pairs

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARNE LOHMANN
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Word Class ◽  
Lexical Representations ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Form Representation

This paper tests whether lemma frequency impacts the duration of homographic noun–verb homophones in spontaneous speech, e.g. cut (n)/cut (v). In earlier research on effects of lemma frequency (e.g. Gahl 2008), these pairs of words were not investigated due to a focus on heterographic homophones. Theories of the mental lexicon in both linguistics and psycholinguistics differ as to whether these word pairs are assumed to have shared or separate lexical representations. An empirical analysis based on spontaneous speech from the Buckeye corpus (Pitt et al. 2007) yields the result that differences in lemma frequency affect the duration of the N/V pairs under investigation. First, this finding provides evidence for N/V pairs having separate representations and thus supports models of the mental lexicon in which lexical entries are specified for word class. Second, the result is at odds with an account of ‘full inheritance’ of frequency across homophones and consequently with speech production models implementing inheritance effects via a shared form representation for homophonous words. The findings are best accounted for in a model that assumes completely separate lexical representations for homophonous words.

Some factors that determine the outcome of lexical competition in language production: A corpus-based analysis of Russian speech errors

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Gorokhova
Keyword(s):  
Word Length ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Word Association ◽  
Frequency Effect ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Lexical Selection ◽  
Lexical Competition ◽  
Target Error ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Word Frequencies

AbstractSemantic substitution errors (slips of the tongue) naturally occurring in Russian normal speech were analyzed for word frequency, word length, target-error cooccurrence strength, and word association norms. Target word frequencies were found to be significantly lower than error word frequencies; besides, there is a very significant positive correlation between target and error frequency values. Contrary to the view that the frequency effect is located at the stage of phonological encoding, the results suggest that frequency is coded at an earlier stage of lexical selection. Word length is a significant variable that determines the outcome of the error for non-cohyponym target-error pairs but not for cohyponym pairs. At the same time, cohyponym target-error pairs are characterized by much higher cooccurrence measures and stronger associative links compared to non-cohyponym pairs. Theoretical implications of these findings are discussed

scholarly journals Left cytoarchitectonic area 44 supports selection in the mental lexicon during language production

2009 ◽  
Vol 213 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 441-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Heim ◽  
Simon B. Eickhoff ◽  
Angela D. Friederici ◽  
Katrin Amunts
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Mental Lexicon

scholarly journals Syntactic Priming Effects and their Underlying Mechanisms in Language Production and Comprehension

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1370
Author(s):  
Reza Raissi ◽  
Neda Hedayat ◽  
Fakhereh Kazemirad
Keyword(s):  
Language Comprehension ◽  
Language Production ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Syntactic Priming ◽  
Priming Effects ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Exposure to a syntactic structure influences the way we process a similar syntactic structure in language production and comprehension in what has been called ‘syntactic priming’. Syntactic priming is a robust phenomenon which can be observed in spoken and written production, with a range of syntactic constructions in laboratory tasks and naturally occurring samples of speech, in many languages, and also across languages within the same speaker. It has been used as a vehicle for exploring language production, language comprehension, and the relationship between them. Research in syntactic priming has made it the dominant means of investigating the processes involved in language production and comprehension. Some researchers propose that there are distinct mechanisms underlying the production and comprehension of syntactic structures; however, other researchers suggest that the same mechanisms underlie syntactic priming in production and comprehension. Thus, the mechanisms underlying syntactic priming effects in production and comprehension are still under debate. Moreover, although a fairly large body of research has addressed syntactic priming in production or in comprehension, there are few studies that consider and compare priming effects in both of these modalities. Therefore, the current study reviews the literature on syntactic priming in production and contrasts these findings to those in comprehension. It also provides an overview of syntactic priming effects and mechanisms underlying these effects in both production and comprehension.

Conflict adaptation during multilingual language production as evidenced by the n-3 effect

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Mathieu Declerck ◽  
Stefanie Schuch ◽  
Andrea M. Philipp
Keyword(s):  
Language Production ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Conflict Adaptation ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Production Models ◽  
Language Control

AbstractSeveral multilingual language production models assume that language control is instigated by conflict monitoring. In turn, conflict adaptation, a control process which makes it easier to resolve interference if previously a high-interference context was detected, should also occur during multilingual production, as it is triggered by conflict monitoring. Because no evidence has been provided for conflict adaptation in the multilingual production literature, we set out to investigate this process using the n-3 effect. Our study showed that the n-3 effect can be observed during multilingual production, and thus provides evidence for conflict adaptation during multilingual production.

scholarly journals Codeswitching as Projection of Bilingual Lemmas in Contact

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. p40
Author(s):  
Longxing Wei
Keyword(s):  
Argument Structure ◽  
Mental Lexicon ◽  
Conceptual Structure ◽  
Activation Model ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Pragmatic Information ◽  
Lexical Conceptual Structure ◽  
Lexical Structure ◽  
Predicate Argument Structure ◽  
Surface Realization

Unlike most previous studies of Codeswitching (CS) focused on describing surface configurations of switched items (i.e., where CS is structurally possible) or the switched items (i.e., what items from another language can be switched), this paper explores formulation processes of bilingual speech and the nature of the bilingual mental lexicon and its activity in CS. More specifically, it applies the Bilingual Lemma Activation Model (Wei, 2002, 2006b) to the data drawn from various naturally occurring CS instances. It claims that the mental lexicon does not simply contain lexemes and their meanings, but also lemmas, which are abstract entries in the mental lexicon that support the surface realization of actual lexemes. Lemmas are abstract in that they contain phonological, morphological, semantic, syntactic and pragmatic information about lexemes. It further claims that lemmas in the bilingual mental lexicon are language-specific and are in contact during a discourse involving CS at three levels of abstract lexical structure: lexical-conceptual structure, predicate-argument structure, and morphological realization patterns. The CS instances described and analyzed in this paper provide evidence that the bilingual speaker’s two linguistic systems are unequally activated in CS, and CS is an outcome of bilingual lemmas in contact.

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