Weapons of Reform: Gregory VII, Armenia, and the Liturgy

This paper examines Gregory VII's (1073–85) evolutionary efforts to unite the Armenian Church with Rome in the 1070s and 1080s. The pope's changing attitude towards Armenian liturgical practices, it is argued, illustrates a broader and visionary papal outlook, revealing in turn many social, cultural, political, and doctrinal dynamics at work during his pontificate. As a consequence of this interplay, Gregory's vested interest in the world beyond Latin Christendom becomes manifest, contributing ultimately to a more nuanced portrait of this pope and a broader historical understanding of his papacy and its governance.

Appropriating Hobbes

10.1093/oso/9780198817215.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

David Boucher

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Carl Schmitt ◽

Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries

Main Claim ◽

The World ◽

Michael Oakeshott ◽

The aim of this book is not to trace the changing fortunes of the interpretation of one of the most sophisticated and famous political philosophers who ever lived, but to glimpse here and there his place in different contexts, and how his interpreters see their own images reflected in him, or how they define themselves in contrast to him. The main claim is that there is no Hobbes independent of the interpretations that arise from his appropriation in these various contexts and which serve to present him to the world. There is no one perfect context that enables us to get at what Hobbes ‘really meant’, despite the numerous claims to the contrary. He is almost indistinguishable from the context in which he is read. This contention is justified with reference to hermeneutics, and particularly the theories of Gadamer, Koselleck, and Ricoeur, contending that through a process of ‘distanciation’ Hobbes’s writings have been appropriated and commandeered to do service in divergent contexts such as philosophical idealism; debates over the philosophical versus historical understanding of texts; and in ideological disputations, and emblematic characterizations of him by various disciplines such as law, politics, and international relations. The book illustrates the capacity of a text to take on the colouration of its surroundings by exploring and explicating the importance of contexts in reading and understanding how and why particular interpretations of Hobbes have emerged, such as those of Carl Schmitt and Michael Oakeshott, or the international jurists of the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries.

Editors' Introduction

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199232116.013.0001 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Donald Bloxham ◽

A. Dirk Moses

Keyword(s):

Political Economy ◽

Cold War ◽

Small Group ◽

Historical Context ◽

The State ◽

World Today ◽

Genocide Studies ◽

The World ◽

The Relationship

This article describes the state of genocide studies, historicization, and causation, placing genocide into its historical context, and genocide in the world today. ‘Genocide’ is unfortunately ubiquitous, all too often literally in attempts at the destruction of human groups, but also rhetorically in the form of a word that is at once universally known and widely invoked. The comparative scholarship of genocide began with Raphael Lemkin and through the later Cold War period was continued by a small group of dedicated scholars. The discussion also opens the probing of the limits and the utility of the concept of genocide for historical understanding, and placing this crime back in its context that may often include mass non-genocidal violence. It also reflects on the debate about the relationship between individual acts of genocide and the wider political economy and norms of the worlds in which they occur.

K.E. Løgstrups tanker tangeret

Religionsvidenskabeligt Tidsskrift ◽

10.7146/rt.v0i23.5309 ◽

1993 ◽

Author(s):

Niels Henrik Gregersen

Keyword(s):

Critical Evaluation ◽

Epistemological Foundation ◽

In his philosophical dissertation that can be translated as K.E. Løgstrup. A Modern Prophet (1992), Hans Hauge proposed the thesis that the philosophy of Løgstrup, from first to last, tales leave of any epistemological foundation. In this critical evaluation, the author supports the interpretation by Hauge that Løgstrup's appeal to ontology in fact refers to ever changing life situations with each of their own characteristics. However, one has to distinguish between epistemologies. Already in 1933, Løgstrup opposed Husserl's epistemology of the transcendental ego. But only much later, Løgstrup criticized Heidegger for his universalization of the regional ontology of historicity. This metaphysical "Kehre" can be dated between January and September 1969. Furthermore, in his late philosophy, Løgstrup not simply abandoned epistemology. Rather, he developed a non-foundational epistemology on the basis of an interplay between historical understanding, rooted in the need for self-preservation, and the "useless", albeit penetrating sense qualities of the world.

Transnational Feminist Itineraries

10.1215/9781478021735 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Feminist Theory ◽

Transnational Feminism ◽

Neoliberal Globalization ◽

Specific Mode ◽

Transnational Feminist Itineraries brings together scholars and activists from multiple continents to demonstrate the ongoing importance of transnational feminist theory in challenging neoliberal globalization and the rise of authoritarian nationalisms around the world. The contributors illuminate transnational feminism's unique constellation of elements: its specific mode of thinking across scales, its historical understanding of identity categories, and its expansive imagining of solidarity based on difference rather than similarity. Contesting the idea that transnational feminism works in opposition to other approaches—especially intersectional and decolonial feminisms—this volume instead argues for their complementarity. Throughout, the contributors call for reaching across social, ideological, and geographical boundaries to better confront the growing reach of nationalism, authoritarianism, and religious and economic fundamentalism. Contributors. Mary Bernstein, Isabel Maria Cortesão Casimiro, Rafael de la Dehesa, Carmen L. Diaz Alba, Inderpal Grewal, Cricket Keating, Amy Lind, Laura L. Lovett, Kathryn Moeller, Nancy A. Naples, Jennifer C. Nash, Amrita Pande, Srila Roy, Cara K. Snyder, Ashwini Tambe, Millie Thayer, Catarina Casimiro Trindade

“With My Utmost Art”: The Inspiration of George Herbert's Poetry and the Limits of Austin Farrer's Vision

Anglican Theological Review ◽

10.1177/000332861609800305 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

pp. 513-531

Author(s):

Sarah Miller

Keyword(s):

Close Reading ◽

The World ◽

In Christ ◽

Love Of God ◽

The Temple

This essay argues that poetry can participate in God's ongoing self-revelation in the world, against Austin Farrer's view that the conveyance of supernatural truths is restricted to prophecy and the original apostolic witness. The author turns to Farrer's own descriptions of inspiration and revelation in The Glass of Vision to support this claim, as well as advocating with Ingolf Dalferth for a trans-historical understanding of the Spirit's work of revelation. Finally, through a close reading of key poems in George Herbert's The Temple, the essay offers an account of how the Spirit might move through the medium of poetry, leading poet and reader to deeper knowledge and love of God in Christ.

Knowledge and Power in the Discourse of Modernity: The Campaigns against Popular Religion in Early Twentieth-Century China

The Journal of Asian Studies ◽

10.2307/2057476 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 67-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 98

Author(s):

Prasenjit Duara

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Popular Religion ◽

Western World ◽

The West ◽

The Enlightenment ◽

Early Twentieth Century ◽

The World ◽

Historical Transition ◽

Modern Era

Ever since the enlightenment—the dawn of the modern era—historical understanding has been much concerned with the passage to modernity. In our present century, questions and dilemmas of the transition to modernity and the evaluation of “tradition” in the non-Western world have been central to the historical problematique the world over. I have chosen to analyze the modernist understanding of this historical transition in China not only among professional historians in the West, but among Chinese advocates of modernity. Specifically, I will examine the campaigns attacking popular religion during the first three decades of this century. As a movement advocating the establishment of a rational society, these campaigns offer a view of the understanding of this transition, not just in theory and historiography, but in practice.

An Uncanny Honeymoon: Spanish Anarchism and the Bolshevik Dictatorship of the Proletariat, 1917–22

International Labor and Working-Class History ◽

10.1017/s0147547918000066 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 94 ◽

pp. 5-26

Author(s):

Arturo Zoffmann Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Labor Movement ◽

Russian Revolution ◽

AbstractThe Russian Revolution became a beacon flare for anti-capitalists across the world, including many anarchists. The Spanish anarcho-syndicalists became ardent supporters of Bolshevism, and many endorsed the concept of the dictatorship of the proletariat. Here, I try to arrive at a political and historical understanding of this uncanny honeymoon, and question empirical explanations that present it as a simple misunderstanding. I firstly historicize the evolution of the concept of the workers’ dictatorship in the Spanish labor movement and assess it through the prism of the antagonism between the anarchists and socialists. I then set the reception of the Russian Revolution in the context of social ferment that emerged in Spain after 1917, which generated enormous enthusiasm and clouded theoretical differences. I finally relate the reception of the Soviet dictatorship to the intensification of class violence in these years, which rendered many anarchists hospitable to the authoritarian methods of the Bolsheviks.

th-century society. If any active role were possible for the lay Christian it was simply that of promoting true religion in the station in life in which God had placed them. Behind the social derision lay the fear of more sinister influences. Legislation had progressively outlawed suspect political activity, but how could those with a vested interest in maintaining constitutional stability be sure that the emerging networks of village preaching and Sunday schools were not being used as cover for the dissemination of republican and atheis-tic ideas? Across a broad swathe of clergy from English high churchmen such as Tatham and Horsley to the General Assembly, and even to those like Porteous within the Popular party, deep suspicions were entertained. A number of writers suggested that among the preachers disaffected elements were working to dissolve the traditional bonds of social cohesion. They despised the king, sought to destroy patriotic feeling and hoped ultimately to overturn the government. In 1799 both the Pastoral Admonition and the rector of Chislehurst in Kent voiced the fear that Samuel Horsley was to develop the following year in his pastoral charge to the clergy of the Rochester diocese: the belief that the associational structure to which many of the preachers belonged was a device to foster subversion and connect apparently innocuous religious gatherings with the world of clandestine pol-itics. In one or two Anglican clerical outpourings there was even a further

The Rise of the Laity in Evangelical Protestantism ◽

10.4324/9780203166505-69 ◽

2003 ◽

pp. 140-141

Keyword(s):

Social Cohesion ◽

Active Role ◽

Vested Interest ◽

Political Activity ◽

General Assembly ◽

Sunday Schools ◽

The Social ◽

The World ◽

The Government ◽

Popular Party

The Shark, Remora and Aboriginal History

International Journal of Critical Indigenous Studies ◽

10.5204/ijcis.v1i1.22 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

John Maynard

Keyword(s):

Vested Interest ◽

Colonial History ◽

Men And Women ◽

Archival Record ◽

Aboriginal History ◽

The Relationship ◽

Empirical Record

This paper has two clearly divided sections – the first will explore the concept of colonial history as a metaphor- likened to a cruising shark. The domain of this powerful shark is the oceans of history – its practice, understanding, delivery and ownership. The second part of the paper will examine two aspects of Keith Windschuttle’s book The Fabrication of Aboriginal history with which I take issue namely the massacre at Risdon Cove in 1804 and secondly, Windschuttle’s denigrating and uninformed appraisal of the relationship between Aboriginal men and women. I will state upfront that it is Windschuttle's blinding faith in the objectivity of the empirical record that is his Achilles heel. He does not recognise or consider that the archival record can be biased or recorded by those with a vested interest. This sort of naïve historical understanding is seriously flawed.

Appropriating Historical Jesus Research in Africa

Religion and Theology ◽

10.1163/157430102x00115 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 9 (3-4) ◽

pp. 199-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pieter F. Craffert

Keyword(s):

Historical Jesus ◽

Cultural Setting ◽

African Christianity ◽

Traditional Religions ◽

Historical Figure ◽

Religious Dialogue ◽

The World ◽

African Traditional Religions

AbstractThis study starts with a brief overview of the variety of images of Jesus found in African Christianity. African Christianity (like Christianity all over the world) has many ingenious and creative ways of going about the figure of Jesus, of which the quest for what Jesus can do for Africans and the inculturation of Jesus in African images represent the main trends. Although historical Jesus research receives almost no attention in African scholarship, it is argued that a historical understanding of Jesus within his own cultural setting can pick up many clues from the study of religious specialists in African traditional religions (ATRs). From such an approach, Jesus as historical figure can not only be described as similar to typical religious practitioners in many ATRs, but it offers a new avenue for inter-religious dialogue in Africa.