Fleeting Glory in a Wasteland: Wealth, Politics, and Autonomy in Northern Chad

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Brachet ◽  
Judith Scheele
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Local Point ◽  
Local Political Institutions ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Postcolonial States ◽  
And Control

AbstractIn January 2012, a newderdé(traditional leader) of the Teda in northern Chad was officially appointed. Held in the Tibesti, a remote, notoriously unruly but strategically important part of the Sahara, the investiture ceremony was attended by Teda from throughout the country and neighboring Libya and Niger, as well as by an impressive number of Chadian civil servants and international diplomats. Yet the ceremony itself was short and messy. Similarly, the historical underpinnings of the institution of thederdéand the selection process were unclear, leaving much room for debate. This uncertainty appears to lie at the heart of the institution of thederdé. Far from a resurgence of “traditional authority” to make up for “state failure” or to partake in the restructuring of postcolonial states—as observed elsewhere on the African continent—the investiture ceremony confirmed the decentralized nature of Teda social organization and the absence of even attempted governance, both with regards to the Chadian state and local political institutions. What mattered from a local point of view were not long-term strategies of power and control, but rather the immediate and gloriously wasteful distribution of wealth. Admiring eyes were turned not toward thederdéor the state officials who appointed him, but instead toward high-ranking military officers, well-dressed urban Libyan Teda, and trans-border smugglers, models of rapid but often short-lived success. This provides a counterexample to the current emphasis on governance and power in the analysis of African states and politics.

scholarly journals Re-Examine Conventional Concepts in Urban Design: The Conflict Between Urban Space Utilization and the Elements of Power and Control - Case of Hawkers within Amman, Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Dania Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Space Requirements ◽  
And Control

Architecture and urbanism are disciplines based on knowledge of space. From this point of view, this research aims to study the challenges of dealing with hawkers (Street Vendors) in Jordan's urban centres generally by shedding light on downtown Amman. Although they succeed in acquiring and controlling space informally in Amman, hawkers have been ignored by local planners and even been harassed by local authorities for not being given space to operate their businesses. Rigid transformations should be carried in urban planning strategies in downtown Amman. Local policies need to be enforced to end this conflict and provide suitable conditions and capacities to read and respond to the hawkers' needs. They represent an integral part of the region's urban fabric. This study is based on reviewing related literature, field survey, and observations carried out for two months in the study area. In addition to several informal discussions held with the hawkers, pedestrians, merchants, and local authorities, questionnaires were used to clarify specific issues. The study suggests a few recommendations to help fulfil urban centres' effective utilization and harmonize formal activities and the hawkers in order to resolve this conflict. The study found that street hawkers are only considered troublemakers and have never been involved in decision-making when urban planning occurs. These will be an ongoing issue, not unless they are integrated into the planning processes. The study suggests different scenarios for proper allocation of hawking space can be done regarding accommodating them according to their space requirements worked out the basis of the products sold, as has been done in the present study. In short, this will help in providing suitable trading environments for the hawkers, creating a pedestrian-friendly neighbourhood, decreasing the unemployment rate, among other advantages.

Discussion of “A Review of Propulsion, Power, and Control Architectures for Insect-Scale Flapping Wing Vehicles” by E. F. Helbling and R. J. Wood (Helbling, E. F., and Wood, R. J., 2018, ASME Appl. Mech. Rev., 70(1), p. 010801)

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyandra K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Flapping Wing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
And Control ◽  
Propulsion Power ◽  
Remarkable Progress

Flying insects exhibit truly remarkable capabilities. There has been significant interest in developing small-scale flying robots by taking inspiration from flying insects. The paper by Helbling and Wood reports remarkable progress made by the research community in realizing insect-scale flapping wing vehicles and identifies research challenges and opportunities. This discussion builds upon their paper and examines the potential of insect-scale flapping wing flight from an application point of view. It summarizes requirements and mention implications of these requirements on propulsion, power, and control architecture.

scholarly journals The Federal Role in Small Area Planning

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
Neil R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Resource Planning ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Congressional Committee ◽  
The Public ◽  
Small Watersheds ◽  
Local Point ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Area Planning

Water resource planning is accomplished at several levels—individual projects and small watersheds, sub-basins, regional framework plans, and finally, national planning at the Water Resource Council and congressional committee levels, in ascending geographic scope. All planning efforts are in some measure guided by the statement in Senate Document 97 that, “All viewpoints (national, regional, state and local) shall be fully considered and taken into account in planning resource use and development”. However, the consideration of various viewpoints does not necessarily make them compatible. A plan once formulated favors a particular point of view over others. The local point of view generally carries more weight than the national point of view because: (1) more projects can be justified on the basis of their net value to local interests rather than the public at large, and (2) the local economic effects of a project are more readily identifiable and more easily analyzed than are the net national effects.

scholarly journals ONE BELT ONE ROAD FROM THE GEOPOLITICAL POINT OF VIEW

Globus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Guo ◽  
Yin Qun
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rising Powers ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
One Belt One Road ◽  
Historical Analogy ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cognitive Foundations ◽  
And Control

Western geopolitical studies have evolved over a hundred years, forming a systematic and authoritative classical geopolitical theory, providing a set of thought models and epistemological frameworks related to geopolitics, that is, "Western geopolitical imagination." Affected by this, contemporary western geopolitical elites will have two kinds of habitual thinking when interpreting China’s “OBOR” Initiative: the first is the historical analogy, by comparing China with the rising powers in history; the second is the common sense, by imagining that China will imitate itself pursuit of expansion and hegemony. This article critiques the cognitive foundations of traditional western geopolitical theories, and points out that neither the “OBOR” Initiative pursues power and control, nor follow the “state-centrism” path, nor take the perspective of the “dichotomy” of land and sea confrontation. It is an attempt to transcend traditional geopolitical thinking.

DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTERIZED MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM OF THE MOBILE ROBOT’S POSITIONING ON LARGE FERROMAGNETIC SURFACES BASED ON INTELLIGENT TECHNIQUES. COMPLEX OF TASKS OF MONITORING AND AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF MOBILE

2019 ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Yao Yueqin ◽  
Oleksiy Kozlov ◽  
Oleksandr Gerasin ◽  
Galyna Kondratenko
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Monitoring And Control System ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Current State ◽  
Computerized Monitoring ◽  
And Control

Analysis and formalization of the monitoring and automatic control tasks of the MR for the movement and execution of various types of technological operations on inclined and vertical ferromagnetic surfaces are obtained. Generalized structure of mobile robotic complex is shown with main subsystems consideration. Critical analysis of the current state of the problem of development of universal structures of mobile robots (MRs) for the various types of technological operations execution and elaborations of computerized systems for monitoring and control of MR movement is done. In particular, wheeled, walked and crawler type MRs with pneumatic, vacuum-propeller, magnetic and magnetically operated clamping devices to grip with vertical and ceiling surfaces are reviewed. The constructive features of the crawler MR with magnetic clamping devices capable of moving along sloping ferromagnetic surfaces are considered. The basic technical parameters of the MR are shown for the further synthesis of computerized monitoring and automatic control systems. Formalization of the tasks of monitoring and control of the MR positioning at the processing of large area ferromagnetic surfaces is considered from the point of view of control theory.

Power and control: transferring energy when there is work to be done

2005 ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Naveen Sharma ◽  
William Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Power And Control ◽  
And Control

ABOUT UNIFORMITY OF THE PHENOMENOLOGY AND THE MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF SO-CALLED « JOINED» ACTION OF HAZARDS AND COMBINED TOXICITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF A COMBIBATION OF THE FLUORIDE AND THE STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD)

2016 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
B. A. Katsnelson ◽  
M. P. Sutunkova ◽  
N. A. Tsepilov ◽  
V. G. Panov ◽  
A. N. Varaksin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Static Magnetic Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Combined Toxicity ◽  
Fluoride Solution ◽  
Adverse Action ◽  
Biochemical Indices ◽  
And Control

Sodium fluoride solution was injected i.p. to three groups of rats at a dose equivalent to 0.1 LD50 three times a week up to 18 injections. Two out of these groups and two out of three groups were sham-injected with normal saline and were exposed to the whole body impact of a 25 mT static magnetic field (SMF) for 2 or 4 hr a day, 5 times a week. Following the exposure, various functional and biochemical indices were evaluated along with histological examination and morphometric measurements of the femur in the differently exposed and control rats. The mathematical analysis of the combined effects of the SMF and fluoride based on the a response surface model demonstrated that, in full correspondence with what we had previously found for the combined toxicity of different chemicals, the combined adverse action of a chemical plus a physical agent was characterized by a tipological diversity depending not only on particular effects these types were assessed for but on the dose and effect levels as well. From this point of view, the indices for which at least one statistically significant effect was observed could be classified as identifying (I) mainly single-factor action; (II) additive unidirectional action; (III) synergism (superadditive unidirectional action); (IV) antagonism, including both subadditive unidirectional action and all variants of contradirectional action.

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