Effect of Apical Debudding on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. Olasantan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Insect Attack

SUMMARYField trials on okra over three seasons showed that the removal of the apical bud on the main stem at 3 or 4 weeks did not affect marketable fruit yield but that yield was reduced by about 39% when debudding was done at 5, 6 or 7 weeks. Apical debudding led to increased vegetative development, enhanced dry matter accumulation and reduced plant height. Removing the apical bud at weeks 3, 4 or 5 delayed the first harvest by 8, 15 or 18 days, respectively, compared to the undebudded control plants. It appears that okra can tolerate considerable apical damage during the vegetative stage, as can happen with insect attack, without serious loss of yield.

Studies on the effects of foliar spray of nutrients on the performance of cow peas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Late Season

SUMMARYIn three field trials, three varieties of cow pea (Prima, Ife Brown and Vita-5) grown as mono-crops or interplanted with maize (in one trial) were sprayed with a combination of PKS or NPKS in solutions containing 100, 100, 100 and 41 mg/1 of N, P, K and S respectively at the onset of flowering or 2 weeks later, in order to evaluate the effect of foliar spray of mineral nutrients on the performance of the crop.Early season sprayings of NPKS and PKS increased vegetative development and dry-matter accumulation in both mono- and mixed-croppings of Prima and Vita-5, but had little effect on Ife Brown. Seed yield was increased by 80–225 kg/ha in Prima and 160–218 kg/ha in Vita-5. In all cases of enhanced growth and yield, spraying at flowering was more beneficial than spraying 2 weeks later whilst NPKS evoked greater responses than PKS.In two late-season trials, all treatment combinations enhanced vegetative development and dry-matter accumulation in Ife Brown and Vita-5. Seed yield of Ife Brown was increased by 206 kg/ha in the first late season and by 550 kg/ha in the second late season whilst that of Vita-5 was increased by 226 kg/ha in the first late season, during which it was planted. In the first late season of Ife Brown, late spraying was more beneficial than early spraying, whilst plants sprayed with PKS out-yielded those sprayed with NPKS. On the other hand, in the second late season, Ife Brown responded more to early spraying than late spraying and NPKS was more beneficial than PKS: Vita-5 grown in the first late season responded similarly.In all cases of enhanced seed yield during the seasons, the pathway of response was through increased pod production and/or retention on the plants. The results therefore suggest that foliar spray of nutrients during the post-flowering period enhance seed yield in cow pea by ensuring prompt delivery of mineral nutrients to the site of photosynthesis at a time when nutrient depletion in the leaves and reduced efficiency of mineral nutrient uptake by the roots limit the supply of photosynthates to developing reproductive organs.

scholarly journals Effect of Agronomic Biofortification of Sulphur and Boron on the Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica campestris L.) Crop

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. A. Awal ◽  
M. H. O. Rashid ◽  
M. M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Combine Application ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Mustard Crop ◽  
Agronomic Biofortification

Background and Objective: Sulphur and boron are found as most critical nutrient elements for the better growth and yield of mustard crop however no such concrete information for their uses in field production of this crop is yet to be reported. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of agronomic biofortification of sulphur and boron nutrients on the growth and yield of mustard crop. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Place of Study: The experiment was carried out in the Crop Botany Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Methodology: Three doses of sulphur (S) viz. 0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 and three doses of boron (B) viz. 0, 0.5 and 1.0 kg ha-1 and their possible combinations were used as basal doses. Field data were collected from periodic destructive samplings on the plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant, total dry matter accumulation and finally yield components and yield. Results: Sulphur and boron fertilizations significantly influence the plant height, production of branches and leaves per plant, dry matter accumulation and yield attributes and yield of mustard crop. The mustard crop fertilized with 40 kg S ha-1 in combination with 1 B kg ha-1 produced taller plant, higher number of branches and leaves in each plant and higher amount of dry matter per plant while these plant traits were found as minimum when the growing the mustard crops in control plots i.e. the plants received neither sulphur nor boron. Application of sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1 along with boron @ 1 kg ha-1 produced the highest seed yield (2.73 t ha-1) whereas the lowest seed yield (1.08 t ha-1) was found where no sulphur and boron were applied. Conclusion: The result conclude that combine application of sulphur and boron @ 40 and 1 kg per hectare, respectively was found to be most effective dose in enhancing growth and yield of mustard crop.

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics:2. Effect of reduced assimilatory capacity

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Seed Yields

SUMMARYIn two field trials in 1980, 33, 67 or 100% of the leaves on pigeon pea (cv. Cita-1) plants were removed either at the vegetative stage, the onset of flowering, or at the rapid pod-filling stage, in order to evaluate the effect of reduced assimilatory capacity on the growth and yield characteristics of the crop.Reduction in the assimilatory capacity of the plant led to significant reduction in the vegetative growth, dry-matter accumulation and seed yield of the defoliated plants compared with the undefoliated control such that 33, 67 or 100% defoliation led to 15–55, 40–60 and 75–80% reduction in seed yield respectively, at both trials. Also, defoliation was more damaging to crop performance if carried out from the onset of flowering than at the vegetative stage. Thus, the seed yields of plants defoliated at the onset of flowering and the rapid pod-filling stage were 30–80 and 40–45 % lower than the yield from plants defoliated at the vegetative stage in both trials.

scholarly journals Effect of Sowing Methods and NPK Levels on Growth and Yield of Rainfed Maize (Zea maysL.)

Scientifica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamim Gul ◽  
M. H. Khan ◽  
B. A. Khanday ◽  
Sabeena Nabi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
100 Seed Weight

To investigate the response of rainfed maize to sowing methods and NPK levels, an experiment was undertaken during kharif of 2011 and 2012 at Dryland (Kerawa) Agriculture Research Station, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Budgam. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with combination of 2 sowing methods (flat sowing, 75 cm apart rows, and ridge sowing, 75 cm apart ridges) and 3 fertility levels (60 : 40 : 20, 75 : 50 : 30, and 90 : 60 : 40 N : P2O5 : K2O kg ha−1) with three replications. Various growth characters, namely, plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, number of days to different phenological stages, and yield, and yield contributing characters namely, cob length, number of grains cob−1, cob diameter (cm), and 100-seed weight (g), were significantly higher with S2over S1during both the years of experimentation. Fertilizer levels F3(90 : 60 : 40) and F2(75 : 50 : 30) at par with one another produced significant increase in growth and yield characters, namely, plant height, leaf area index, dry matter production at different growth stages, cob length, number of cobs plant−1, number of grains cob−1, and 100-seed weight over F1(60 : 40 : 20). Significantly higher grain yield was recorded with fertilizer level F3(90 : 60 : 40) being at par with F2(75 : 50 : 30) and showed significant increase over F1(60 : 40 : 20) with superiority of 5.4 and 5.7 per cent during 2011 and 2012, respectively. The findings of the study concluded that ridge method of sowing of maize with NPK levels of 75 : 50 : 30 kg ha−1showed better performance of crop in terms of growth, yield, and yield attributes.

scholarly journals Effects of growth regulator and nitrogen on yield and lodging of irrigated wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1709
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Marques Paula Nunes ◽  
Leonardo Angelo de Aquino ◽  
Felipe Oliveira Xavier ◽  
Luiz Paulo Dornelas dos Santos ◽  
Lucas Gonçalves Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Irrigated Wheat ◽  
Leaf N Content

High rates of nitrogen (N) increase plant growth, which can result in lodging. To avoid excessive growth of plants, plant growth regulators (PGRs), which cause internode length reduction, can be used. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the N nutritional status, growth, and yield of irrigated wheat as parameters using variable rates of nitrogen and growth regulator. Two experiments were conducted in Rio Paranaíba – MG in 2011 and 2012 using the BRS 264 cultivar. The treatments consisted of two concentrations of N (50 and 110 kg ha-1 as urea) and five concentrations of the growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 L ha-1 of Moddus® containing 25% w/v of trinexapac-ethyl). Each plot consisted of 20 rows of wheat spaced 0.17 m, six meters in length. We evaluated plant height, shoot dry matter accumulation, thousand-grain weight, number of grains per spike, yield, leaf N content in the index leaf and grain, amount of N uptake and export, and lodging index. The PGR resulted in a linear decrease in plant height and shoot dry matter production. However, the rates of the growth regulator did not affect productivity. The rates of N influenced the yield only in 2011.

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics:3. Effect of early loss of apical dominance

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Early Loss ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Growth Development

SUMMARYIn a pot experiment and two field trials, the apical portionof the main stem of a dwarf variety of pigeon pea (ev. Cita-1) was removed at 3 or 7 weeks after sowing in order to evaluate the effect of apical bud removal, during the vegetative stage of growth, on the subsequent growth, development and yield of the crop.The early loss of apical dominance led, in all cases, to increased vegetative development, reduced plant height (except in one of the field trials), higher dry-matter accumulation and more pods per plant, with the treatment effect on number of pods being related to the number of branches developed. The yield of seeds was significantly increased by the early loss of apical dominance in the pot experiment and second field trial.The results therefore show that an early loss of apical dominance, as could happen with insect and pest attack, may not be damaging to the vegetative growth and seed yield of pigeon pea under the prevailing lowland humid tropical conditions.

scholarly journals Growth and yield performance of soybean with the application of Bradyrhyzobium inoculant via furrow and seed

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2387
Author(s):  
Santiel Alves Vieira Neto ◽  
Fábio Ribeiro Pires ◽  
João Carlos Madalão ◽  
Douglas Gomes Viana ◽  
Carlos César Evangelista de Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

Given the high costs of agricultural production, especially due to the price of fertilisers, particularly nitrogen, the use of inoculants to supply nitrogen to soybean crops is a widely recommended practice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of applying inoculants through seed and planting furrow in soil previously cultivated with soybean and Brazilian native “cerrado” biome soil under greenhouse conditions. Seven treatments were tested: 1) inoculation via seed (inoculant + fungicide + micronutrient), 2) treatment via seed (fungicide + micronutrient), 3) control (only seed), 4) inoculation via furrow-dose 1 (recommended dose), 5) inoculation via furrow-dose 2 (twice the recommended dose), 6) inoculation via furrow-dose 3 (three times the recommended dose) and 7) inoculation via furrow-dose 1 + seed inoculation. We evaluated plant height, fresh and dry matter weight of the aerial part and nodules, number of total, viable and non-viable nodules, number of pods per plant and grain yield. Inoculation was more effective when used in cerrado soil, but soybean performance in treatments without inoculation was higher in previously cultivated soil. Application through furrow proved to be a viable practice due to the similarity of the results obtained with the traditional application by seed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of improved cassava genotypes for yield and related traits for a better breeding strategy under different agroecologies in Nigeria

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Adetoro ◽  
O. O. Oworu ◽  
A. L. Nassir ◽  
A. Bello ◽  
E. Parkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Pasting Properties ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Root Characteristics ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Fresh Root

AbstractThis study aimed at determining shoot and root characteristics of cassava as affected by root yield and the influence of soil moisture on vegetative growth and yield. Thirty cassava genotypes were evaluated for morphological and physiological characterization in three locations in Nigeria: Ibadan, Mokwa and Zaria. Randomized complete block design was used with four replicates. Studies on the pasting properties of the genotypes were also carried out. Data were collected on plant height, stem girth, stay-green ability, garri and fresh root weight. Genotypes differed significantly (P < 0.05) across and within locations for shoot and root characteristics. Across locations, genotype 011663 had the highest plant height (132.4 cm); 30572 had the largest stem girth (8.6 cm); and 010040 was the best stay-green (2.2). Genotype 011086 had the highest number of roots per plot (95.7), 950289 had the highest fresh root yield (24.3 t/ha), and 990554 had the highest percentage of dry matter (35.2). Trends in root yields across locations were Ibadan (28.9 t/ha), Mokwa (20.3 t/ha), and Zaria (8 t/ha). Five genotypes IITA-TMS-IBA950289, 010034, 990554, 011807, and 980581 had negligible interactions with the environment and so have broad adaptation and are considered stable; and two clones 011807 and 950166 were found to be the best for pasting properties. Breeding strategies that consider root size, total root number, harvest index, dry matter, with applications for household foods and industrial uses, will be an effective and efficient way to select genotypes for high yield.

scholarly journals Behavior of Eucalyptus grandis and E. cloeziana seedlings grown in arsenic-contaminated soil

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 985-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roseli Freire Melo ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Dias ◽  
Jaime Wilson Vargas de Mello ◽  
Juraci Alves Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Interveinal Chlorosis ◽  
Apical Bud

Arsenic has been considered the most poisonous inorganic soil pollutant to living creatures. For this reason, the interest in phytoremediation species has been increasing in the last years. Particularly for the State of Minas Gerais, where areas of former mining activities are prone to the occurrence of acid drainage, the demand is great for suitable species to be used in the revegetation and "cleaning" of As-polluted areas. This study was carried out to evaluate the potential of seedlings of Eucalyptus grandis (Hill) Maiden and E. cloeziana F. Muell, for phytoremediation of As-polluted soils. Soil samples were incubated for a period of 15 days with different As (Na2HAsO4) doses (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg dm-3). After 30 days of exposure the basal leaves of E. cloeziana plants exhibited purple spots with interveinal chlorosis, followed by necrosis and death of the apical bud at the 400 mg dm-3 dose. Increasing As doses in the soil reduced root and shoot dry matter, plant height and diameter in both species, although the reduction was more pronounced in E. cloeziana plants. In both species, As concentrations were highest in the root system; the highest root concentration was found in E. cloeziana plants (305.7 mg kg-1) resulting from a dose of 400 mg dm-3. The highest As accumulation was observed in E. grandis plants, which was confirmed as a species with potential for As phytoextraction, tending to accumulate As in the root system and stem.

scholarly journals Effect of Planting Date and Gibberellic Acid on the Growth and Yield of Garlic

2010 ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Islam ◽  
MH Reza ◽  
SMAHM Kamal ◽  
MA Wazed ◽  
KM Islam
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Local Cultivar ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Bulb Yield

An experiment was conducted with a local cultivar of garlic to study the effects of planting date and gibberellic acid on the growth and yield of garlic at the field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2001 to April 2002. Early planting influenced the plant height, leaf number, bulb diameter and total dry matter. With the delay in planting time starting from November 7, the yield was chronologically reduced in later plantings. Significantly the highest bulb yield (2.67 t/ha) was recorded when planting was done on November 7 and lowest yield (0.92 t/ha) was obtained from December 22 planted crop. Bulb yield was higher in control plants than those of GA3 treated plants. The interaction effects of planting date and different concentrations of GA3 differed significantly in respect of plant height, number of leaves, bulb diameter and dry weight of roots, leaves and bulbs and yield of garlic.

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