Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics:2. Effect of reduced assimilatory capacity

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Seed Yields

SUMMARYIn two field trials in 1980, 33, 67 or 100% of the leaves on pigeon pea (cv. Cita-1) plants were removed either at the vegetative stage, the onset of flowering, or at the rapid pod-filling stage, in order to evaluate the effect of reduced assimilatory capacity on the growth and yield characteristics of the crop.Reduction in the assimilatory capacity of the plant led to significant reduction in the vegetative growth, dry-matter accumulation and seed yield of the defoliated plants compared with the undefoliated control such that 33, 67 or 100% defoliation led to 15–55, 40–60 and 75–80% reduction in seed yield respectively, at both trials. Also, defoliation was more damaging to crop performance if carried out from the onset of flowering than at the vegetative stage. Thus, the seed yields of plants defoliated at the onset of flowering and the rapid pod-filling stage were 30–80 and 40–45 % lower than the yield from plants defoliated at the vegetative stage in both trials.

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics: 5. Effect of planting configuration

1983 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Vegetative Characters

SUMMARYIn two field trials in 1982, the seeds of pigeon pea (cv. Cita-1) were planted at three configurationsof0·6 x 0·2m;0·4 x 0·3 m and 0·35 x 0·35m(on 14 April and 24 June)giving the same projected population density of 83 000 plants/ha for each configuration, in order to evaluate the best planting configuration for maximum productivity of the crop.In the first trial, the 0·35 x 0·35 m configuration developed the highest magnitude of vegetative characters whilst the 0·4 x 0·3 m configuration had the highest number of seed-bearing pods, although seed yield was similar in all the treatments. In the second trial, the 0·4 x 0·3 m configuration developed the highest magnitude of growth and yield characters and thereby out-yielded the other two configurations.The results show that in the early planting of pigeon pea, population density per se is most important in determining seed yield whereas planting configuration also becomes important in late planting where plant size is reduced as a consequence of the prevailing local conditions.

Studies on the effects of foliar spray of nutrients on the performance of cow peas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Late Season

SUMMARYIn three field trials, three varieties of cow pea (Prima, Ife Brown and Vita-5) grown as mono-crops or interplanted with maize (in one trial) were sprayed with a combination of PKS or NPKS in solutions containing 100, 100, 100 and 41 mg/1 of N, P, K and S respectively at the onset of flowering or 2 weeks later, in order to evaluate the effect of foliar spray of mineral nutrients on the performance of the crop.Early season sprayings of NPKS and PKS increased vegetative development and dry-matter accumulation in both mono- and mixed-croppings of Prima and Vita-5, but had little effect on Ife Brown. Seed yield was increased by 80–225 kg/ha in Prima and 160–218 kg/ha in Vita-5. In all cases of enhanced growth and yield, spraying at flowering was more beneficial than spraying 2 weeks later whilst NPKS evoked greater responses than PKS.In two late-season trials, all treatment combinations enhanced vegetative development and dry-matter accumulation in Ife Brown and Vita-5. Seed yield of Ife Brown was increased by 206 kg/ha in the first late season and by 550 kg/ha in the second late season whilst that of Vita-5 was increased by 226 kg/ha in the first late season, during which it was planted. In the first late season of Ife Brown, late spraying was more beneficial than early spraying, whilst plants sprayed with PKS out-yielded those sprayed with NPKS. On the other hand, in the second late season, Ife Brown responded more to early spraying than late spraying and NPKS was more beneficial than PKS: Vita-5 grown in the first late season responded similarly.In all cases of enhanced seed yield during the seasons, the pathway of response was through increased pod production and/or retention on the plants. The results therefore suggest that foliar spray of nutrients during the post-flowering period enhance seed yield in cow pea by ensuring prompt delivery of mineral nutrients to the site of photosynthesis at a time when nutrient depletion in the leaves and reduced efficiency of mineral nutrient uptake by the roots limit the supply of photosynthates to developing reproductive organs.

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics: 4. Effect of sowing depth

1983 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYThe seeds of a dwarf variety of pigeon pea (cv. Cita-1) were sown at 2, 4, 6 or 8 cm depths in three field trials in 1981 and 1982, in order to evaluate the effect of sowing depth on seedling emergence and the subsequent growth, development and yield of the crop.In all trials, sowing pigeon-pea seeds deeper than 4 cm led to 1–2 days delay in seedling emergence, resulted in only 40–68% seedling emergence, reduced the development of the various growth and yield characters of the plant and significantly reduced seed yield. In two trials, plants from 4 cm sowing performed better than those from 2cm sowing in terms of development of growth and yield characters indicating that shallow sowing of pigeon pea prevents rapid and proper plant establishment.The results therefore indicate that the optimum sowing depth for pigeon pea is 4 cm under the prevailing lowland humid tropical conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Agronomic Biofortification of Sulphur and Boron on the Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica campestris L.) Crop

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. A. Awal ◽  
M. H. O. Rashid ◽  
M. M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Combine Application ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Mustard Crop ◽  
Agronomic Biofortification

Background and Objective: Sulphur and boron are found as most critical nutrient elements for the better growth and yield of mustard crop however no such concrete information for their uses in field production of this crop is yet to be reported. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of agronomic biofortification of sulphur and boron nutrients on the growth and yield of mustard crop. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Place of Study: The experiment was carried out in the Crop Botany Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Methodology: Three doses of sulphur (S) viz. 0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 and three doses of boron (B) viz. 0, 0.5 and 1.0 kg ha-1 and their possible combinations were used as basal doses. Field data were collected from periodic destructive samplings on the plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant, total dry matter accumulation and finally yield components and yield. Results: Sulphur and boron fertilizations significantly influence the plant height, production of branches and leaves per plant, dry matter accumulation and yield attributes and yield of mustard crop. The mustard crop fertilized with 40 kg S ha-1 in combination with 1 B kg ha-1 produced taller plant, higher number of branches and leaves in each plant and higher amount of dry matter per plant while these plant traits were found as minimum when the growing the mustard crops in control plots i.e. the plants received neither sulphur nor boron. Application of sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1 along with boron @ 1 kg ha-1 produced the highest seed yield (2.73 t ha-1) whereas the lowest seed yield (1.08 t ha-1) was found where no sulphur and boron were applied. Conclusion: The result conclude that combine application of sulphur and boron @ 40 and 1 kg per hectare, respectively was found to be most effective dose in enhancing growth and yield of mustard crop.

Effect of Apical Debudding on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. Olasantan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Insect Attack

SUMMARYField trials on okra over three seasons showed that the removal of the apical bud on the main stem at 3 or 4 weeks did not affect marketable fruit yield but that yield was reduced by about 39% when debudding was done at 5, 6 or 7 weeks. Apical debudding led to increased vegetative development, enhanced dry matter accumulation and reduced plant height. Removing the apical bud at weeks 3, 4 or 5 delayed the first harvest by 8, 15 or 18 days, respectively, compared to the undebudded control plants. It appears that okra can tolerate considerable apical damage during the vegetative stage, as can happen with insect attack, without serious loss of yield.

scholarly journals Influence of seed ageing on growth and yield of soybean

1970 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Rani Saha ◽  
Wahida Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Crop Growth Rate ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Seed Ageing ◽  
Aged Seed

Effect of seed ageing on stand establishment, growth and yield of three soybean varieties was studied. Treatments consisted of three varieties viz. Shohag, Bangladesh soybean 4 and BARIsoybean-5 with four levels of seed ageing viz. 20, 12, 8 and 2 months aged seed. Seed germination and field emergence percentage decreased but electrical conductivity of seed leachate increased with increasing seed age in all the soybean varieties. Irrespective of varieties, plants grown from 20 months aged seed accumulated more dry matter per plant but crop growth rate (CGR) were lower than the other ageing treatments. The highest dry matter accumulation and CGR were found in BARIsoybean-5 and lowest in Bangladesh soybean 4. Irrespective of varieties, crop grown from 2 months aged seed produced significantly the highest seed yield (1981 kg/ha) which was at par with the yield obtained from 8 months aged seed; and the lowest (811 kg/ha) was grown from 20 months aged seed. Among the varieties, significantly the highest seed yield (1615 kg/ha) was obtained from BARIsoybean-5 which was identical with that of Bangladesh soybean 4. Results further revealed that Bangladesh soybean 4 can be grown up to 12 months aged seed without significant reduction in seed yield.   Key words: Seed ageing, Stand establishment, Crop growth rate, Seed yield doi:10.3329/bjb.v37i1.1559 Bangladesh J. Bot. 37(1): 21-26, 2008 (June)

Comparison of the effects of autumn and spring sowing date on growth and yield of combining peas (Pisum sativutn L.)

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Silim ◽  
P. D. Hebblethwaite ◽  
M. C. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Spring Sowing

SummaryExperiments were conducted between 1978 and 1981 to investigate the effect of autumn and spring sowing on emergence, winter survival, growth and yield of combining peas (varieties ‘Frimas’, ‘Filby’ and ‘Vedette’). Effects of growth regulator PP 333 (Paclobutrazol, ICI pic) application and defoliation on winter survival of Filby were also investigated. Field emergence of autumn-sown Frimas (winter hardy) was less than Vedette or Filby but percentage winter survival was greater. PP 333 application, but not defoliation, increased percentage winter survival of Filby sown in September. Total dry-matter production and photosynthetic area of autumn- compared with spring-sown crops varied considerably between seasons. Yield data indicated that autumn-sown crops produce similar seed yields to spring sowings when winter survival is adequate. November sowings matured 2–4 weeks before March-sown crops, depending on variety and season. Optimum sowing dates were mid-November and early March. Large seed-yield reductions occurred when sowing was delayed until mid-April.

The response of two soya-bean varieties to the loss of apical dominance at the vegetative stage of growth

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Apical Portion ◽  
Beneficial Response

SUMMARYIn three pot experiments and one field trial, the apical portion of the main stem of two soya-bean varieties (cv. Hampton and cv. Bossier) were removed at 3 weeks or 5 weeks after sowing in order to evaluate the response of the plants to the loss of apical dominance.The results showed that early loss of apical dominance in Hampton (an indeterminate variety) led to increased vegetative development but shorter plants, higher dry-matter accumulation and increased seed yield through the production of more and/or heavier pods. On the other hand, apical debudding of Bossier (a determinate variety) during the vegetative stage evoked no significant beneficial response and in the case of field debudding at 3 weeks after sowing, plant height was decreased and seed yield was significantly reduced.The response of soya bean to the loss of apical dominance therefore seems to be a function of the stage of vegetative development when the loss occurs as well as the growth habit of the variety.

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics:1. Effect of plant population density

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Vegetative Characters

SUMMARYThe growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (cv. Cita-1) grown at three population densities of 27 000, 55000 and 83000 plants/ha were evaluated in two field trials during the growing season of 1980.The results obtained showed that there was a progressive reduction in the developmentv per plant of vegetative characters, dry-matter accumulation and yield characters as population density increased. The calculated growth rates (net assimilation rate, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and leaf area ratio) were more or less the same at all population densities. The yields of seeds were 0·39 and 0·51 t/ha for the lowest population density, 0·43 and 0·65 t/ha for the medium population density and 0·58 and 0·75 t/ha for the highest population density for the two trials respectively.It would seem, therefore, that under the prevailing lowland humid tropical conditions, a population density of at least 80000 plants/ha would be needed to ensure maximum productivity in the sole cropping of pigeon pea.

Compensatory growth and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) following pod removal at different stages of reproductive growth

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Subsequent Flowering

SUMMARYAll the pods on pigeon-pea plants were removed after 1, 2 or 3 weeks of flowering in a pot experiment and in one field trial, in order to evaluate the compensatory ability of the crop under humid tropical conditions.Pod removal after 1 or 2 weeks of flowering led to an immediate significantly higher vegetative development and dry-matter accumulation compared with the control. Subsequent flowering led to greater pod production and pod yield than the control with seed yield increased by 21 and 50%, respectively, in the pot experiment while pod removal after 1 week of flowering increased seed yield by 15% in the field. The removal of pods after 3 weeks of flowering was detrimental to subsequent pod development and seed yield which was decreased by 56 and 34% in the pot and field experiments, respectively.It would seem that the loss of pods produced soon after flowering starts, before active pod filling begins, can be tolerated by pigeon peas, whereas the loss of fully elongated and actively filling pods would significantly reduce seed yield in the crop.

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