INTEGRATED NUTRIENT–WEED MANAGEMENT UNDER MECHANISED DRY DIRECT SEEDING (DDS) IS ESSENTIAL FOR SUSTAINED SMALLHOLDER ADOPTION IN RAINFED LOWLAND RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (04) ◽  
pp. 509-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHENG SENGXUA ◽  
TAMARA JACKSON ◽  
PHETSAMONE SIMALI ◽  
LEIGH K. VIAL ◽  
KHAMSOUK DOUANGBOUPHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
On Farm

SUMMARYIn rainfed lowland rice-based systems, increasing labour scarcity due to off-farm employment is encouraging farmers to switch from transplanting to dry direct seeding (DDS). To assure stable productivity at a level comparable with or superior to transplanting, DDS management must ensure rice seedlings have access to nutrients in order to be competitive with weeds, which must also be suppressed. This paper examined farmer perceptions of DDS using a farmer survey, and used on-farm experiments to examine responses of rainfed lowland rice to integrated nutrient–weed management, based around mechanised DDS. In the survey, weeds were the biggest problem faced by farmers in using DDS (61%). In 90% of cases, farmers reported that weeds had increased under DDS, with most farmers (78%) controlling weeds by hand. All farmers said they would use DDS in the following season (100%), due to labour savings (47%), timeliness of operations, improved productivity, low investment or a combination of these (44%). In on-farm experiments, banding nutrients with the seed at sowing enhanced early dry matter of rice, while early weed dry matter was reduced. Early weed control using ducklings or hand weeding reduced weed competition and increased rice growth, with ducklings providing additional yield benefits over hand weeding. Early increases in seedling vigour of rice, and in weed suppression, carried through to greater dry matter and yield of rice at maturity. Integrated nutrient–weed management in mechanised DDS increased DDS yields, reduced DDS yield variability and contributed to sustainability of DDS rice systems.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED NUTRIENT–WEED MANAGEMENT UNDER MECHANISED DRY DIRECT SEEDING (DDS) IS ESSENTIAL FOR SUSTAINED SMALLHOLDER ADOPTION IN RAINFED LOWLAND RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)–CORRIGENDUM

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (04) ◽  
pp. 526-527
Author(s):  
PHENG SENGXUA ◽  
TAMARA JACKSON ◽  
PHETSAMONE SIMALI ◽  
LEIGH K. VIAL ◽  
KHAMSOUK DOUANGBOUPHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Rainfed Lowland

scholarly journals Productivity and soil fertility of rainfed lowland rice (Oryza sativa) as influenced by establishment and weed management

2020 ◽  
pp. 432-436
Author(s):  
KEVIZHALHOU KUOTSU
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Nutrient Depletion ◽  
Rainfed Lowland ◽  
Hand Weeding

Field experiments were conducted during kharif season of 2016 and 2017 at the experimental farm of SASRD, Nagaland University, Medziphema to evaluate the effect of establishment methods and weed management on productivity, nutrient uptake, nutrient harvest index (NHI) and residual soil fertility of rainfed lowland rice. Three establishment techniques and six weed management practices were evaluated in split plot design with three replications. Results revealed higher grain (4.24 t ha-1) and straw (5.88 t ha-1) yield, nutrient uptake by grain (53.1, 13.8 and 10.7 kg NPK ha-1) and straw (32.3, 6.2 and 48.8 kg NPK ha-1); available nutrients in post harvest soil (332.5, 20.7 and 12.3 kg NPK ha-1) under system of rice intensification (SRI) whereas conventionally transplanted rice (CTR) recorded least values. Minimum weed dry matter (158.4 g m-2) and nutrient depletion (11.3, 1.9 and 19.9 kg NPK ha-1) was recorded in integrated crop management (ICM) while maximum was observed in SRI. Among the weed management methods, significantly lower weed dry weight (103.4 g m-2), nutrient depletion (7.4, 1.3 and 12.9 kg NPK ha-1) and higher grain (4.59 t ha-1) and straw (6.30 t ha-1) yield was observed under hand weeding (HW) twice at 20 and 40 days after transplanting (DAT). Nutrient depletion by grasses was observed to be higher as compared to sedges and broad leaved weeds. Weed control increased nutrient uptake by rice and decreased nutrient uptake by weeds. Hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAT recorded highest grain yield which was 81% higher over weedy check.

Effect of Sunflower Residues and Herbicide on Weed Suppression, Grain Yield and Economics of Transplanted Aman Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
SS Tanu ◽  
P Biswas ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
SC Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Environmentally Sound

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Field Laboratory, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali from July 2018 to November 2018 to evaluate the effect of sunflower residues and herbicides on the yield and economic performance of transplanted Aman rice. Weed control methods tested were T1 = weedy check (Unweeded control), T2 = Weed-free check by hand weeding twice, T3 = Pendimethalin, T4 = Pretilachlor, T5 = Butachlor, T6 = Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T7 = Bensulfuron methyl + Acetachlor, T8 = Bispyriback sodium, T9 = 2,4-D amine, T10 = MCPA, T11 = Sunflower residues, T12 = Sunflower residues + 100% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T13 = Sunflower residues + 75% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T14 = Sunflower residues + 50% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with fourteen treatments replicated thrice. Weedy check registered significantly the highest total weed density (354.67 m-2) and total weed dry matter (51.81 g-2) while weed-free treatment by hand weeding twice recorded significantly the lowest total weed density (6.67 m-2) and total weed dry matter 0.49 g-2) . Weedy check produced the highest weed index (34.24%) and hand weeding produced the lowest. Among different herbicides applied alone, butachlor had the lowest total weed density (15 m-2) and total weed dry matter (6.43 g-2) after hand weeding. Hand weeding recorded the highest grain yield (5.14 t ha-1) which was statistically similar to pendimethalin, pretilachlor, butachlor, bensulfuron methyl + acetachlor and sunflower residues + 100% pyrazosulfuron ethyl. Higher grain yield was attributed to a higher number of panicle m-2, number of filled grains panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight. The highest gross margin (22955 Tk. ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (1.32) were obtained from butachlor. Integration of sunflower residues with pyrazosulfuron ethyl produced effective weed suppression and satisfactory yield comparable to butachlor. Although the integration is less profitable than butachlor the farmers can use this technology as a feasible and environmentally sound approach in transplanted Aman rice field. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 47-58

Response of fieldpea (Pisum sativum L. var arvense) to various planting methods, irrigation schedule and weed management practices

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brijbhooshan ◽  
V. K. Singh ◽  
Shalini
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted during rabi seasons of 2007-08 and 2008-09 on mollisols at G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar to study the performance of fieldpea (Pisum sativum L.var arvense) under different planting methods, irrigation levels and weed management practices. Results revealed that growth attributes as plant height, number of branches and dry matter accumulation per plant, number and dry weight of nodules per plant, density and dry matter of weeds/unit area, nutrient uptake and yield attributes as pods/plant, 1000-grain weight, grain yield/plant and grain yield of fieldpea were significantly higher under raised bed planting as compared to flat bed. Planting on raised bed increased grain yield of fieldpea by 17.5% over flat bed. Two irrigations applied at critical stages i.e. pre-flowering and pod formation proved promising in increasing the growth, nutrient uptake, yield attributes and grain yield of pea. One hand weeding done at 25 days after sowing (DAS) reduced the density and dry matter of weeds significantly and one hand weeding done at 25 DAS increased the values of growth attributes, number and dry weight of nodules, nutrient uptake, yield attributes and grain yield as compared to pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i./ha applied as pre-emergence and weedy check.

scholarly journals Effective weed management practices to control complex weed flora in different cultivars of hybrid and high yielding varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Paramita Biswas ◽  
◽  
Ratikanta Ghosh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Control Complex ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiment was conducted during Summer and Kharif seasons of 2007-08 and 2008-09 at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, India to study the effect of hand weeding and Pretilachlor 50 EC @ 500 g a.i. ha-1 as pre-emergence on weed management of different varieties of hybrid and high yielding rice. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications for both the years. It has been observed that Pretilachlor 50 EC @ 500 g a.i. ha-1 has a significant effect to control complex weed flora both in hybrid and high yielding varieties of rice but hand weeding twice gave the better result as expected. Among the varieties, the hybrid varieties recorded 36% and 32% more grain yield in Summer and Kharif seasons respectively than high yielding varieties (HYV). The high yielding variety 6444 (V2) showed more grain yield during Summer and Kharif seasons than that of the hybrid 6129 (V1), 97158 (V6), and 96110 (V3), respectively. Regarding weed management, hand weeding twice recorded (13% & 36%) higher grain yield during Summer than that of the chemical treatment and unweeded check, and (20% & 42%) during Kharif seasons respectively. Among the interaction, hand weeding combined with all varieties of hybrid rice recorded higher yield in comparison to other treatment combinations.

scholarly journals Study on Different Methods of Weed Management in Onion (Allium cepa L.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sheela Barla ◽  
R. R. Upasani
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Hand Weeding

A weed management study on onion (Allium cepa L.) was conducted at Birsa Agricultural University, Jharkhand, India during winter season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 in a randomized block design comprised of nine weed control treatments consisting plastic mulch, available weeds mulch, straw mulch, cover crops (Fenugreek), oxyfluorfen 0.5 kg/ha pre-emergent (PE), pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha PE, mechanical weeding by Dutch hoe, hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 days after transplanting (DAT) and weedy check. Hand weeding at 20, 40 and 60 DAT was most effective in reducing weed dry matter however it was similar to plastic mulch at all the growth stages of crop during 2016-17, 2017-18 as well as in pooled except at 60 DAT in 2016-17. Hand weeding reduced weed dry matter to the extent of 75.83 and 84.83 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 89.21 percent during 2017-18, 98.64 and 88.62 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively and the corresponding reduction in weed dry matter due to application of plastic mulch was 70.73 and 40.32 percent during 2016-17, 100 and 93.64 percent during 2017-18, 98.37 and 86.52 percent under pooled data at 30 and 60 DAT respectively, compared to weedy check. Application of plastic mulch recorded 300 and 38 percent higher onion yield during 2016-17, 1959 and 117 percent during 2017-18, 576 and 70 percent higher under pooled data compared to weedy check and hand weeding respectively. Plastic mulch also recorded maximum net return 364136, 380185 and 372160 /ha during 2016-17, 2017-18 and under pooled data similar to net return with application of oxyfluorfen 0.25 kg/ha PE, pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE and hand weeding during 2016-17 while under pooled data maximum B:C ratio was with plastic mulch and was similar to oxyfluorfen 0.25 kg/ha PE, pendimethalin 1 kg/ha PE and hand weeding.

scholarly journals The influence of weed management on the growth and yield of direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saqib ◽  
Sajid Ali ◽  
Muhammad Ijaz ◽  
Muhammad Latif ◽  
Maqshoof Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Hand Weeding

Weed management is a primary concern in direct seeded rice (DSR) cropping because weed growth becomes a major constraint on crop yield. A two year field study was set up to evaluate the effect of various weed control measures on crop growth, grain yield and grain quality of DSR. The dry seeded non flooded rice experiment involved five different weed control measures: hand weeding, hoeing, inter-row tine cultivation, inter-row spike hoeing and herbicide treatment (Nominee 100 SC). The extent of weed control (compared to a non-weeded control) ranged from 50-95%. The highest crop yield was obtained using hand weeding. Hand weeding, tine cultivation and herbicide treatment raised the number of fertile rice tillers formed per unit area and the thousand grain weight. Tine cultivation provided an effective and economical level of weed control in the DSR crop.

scholarly journals Toleransi Galur Harapan Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.) pada Persaingan dengan Gulma Echinochloa crus-galli

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Usman , ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko ◽  
Muhamad Syukur ◽  
Dan Dwi Guntoro
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Productive Tiller ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

<em>ABSTRACT<br /><br />Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.) is a major weed competitor to rice production in Indonesia. In order to develop integrated weed management program, a research to select competitive rice lines to E. crus-galli was conducted in a green house of Indonesian Centre of Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resource Research and Development Bogor. The research design was split plot with four replications, E. crus-galli was designed as the main plot (rice without E. crus-galli compared  rice with four E. crus-galli per pot), and the sub-plots were 25 genotypes (23 lines, 1 tolerant variety and 1 sensitive variety). Level of tolerance was determined by the reduction percentage of grains weight, the number of productive tillers and dry matter weight. The results showed that rice competition with E. crus-galli reduced plant height, productive tiller numbers, filled spikelet numbers per panicle, dry matter weight and dry grain weight. Three lines, i.e., IR10L-155, IR10L-133 and BIO-R84-1 were classified as tolerant, 19 lines were moderate and 3 lines were sensitive to E. crus-galli competition.<br /><br />Keywords: Barnyard grass, competition, sensitive line, yield reduction </em>

scholarly journals Yield Performance of Mungbean Genotypes as Influenced by Herbicides with Different Weed Management Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
Shams Shaila Islam ◽  
Riyad Ul-Hasan Karim ◽  
Harmailis Chaniago ◽  
Sohrab Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Hand Weeding

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of different herbicides with weed management practices on growth and yield performance of mungbean genotypes. The experiment consisted of two factors were mungbean genotypes and weed management. There were two genotypes namely BARI Mung 6 and BARI Mung 8. While there were five weed management practices namely control/no weeding and without herbicide application (T1), hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS (T2), pre emergence herbicide (Panida) at 1-2 DAS (T3), pre emergence herbicide (Neon) at 2-3 DAS (T4), and post emergence herbicide (Neon) at 10-15 DAS+hand weeding (T5). The results revealed that BARI Mung 6 stand superior to BARI Mung 8 in respect of dry matter content/plant, pods/plant, seeds/plant, seed yield, and 1000 seed weight. Among weed management practices, maximum plant height (53.70 cm), dry matter weight/plant (17.96 g), pods/plant (18.31), seeds/plant (171.47), maximum weed control efficiency (33.78 %) obtained from T3 treatment. Based on the interaction effect showed that BARI Mung 6 weeded with pre emergence herbicide (Panida) at 1-2 DAS produced maximum seed yield (1.79 t/ha) as well as yield attributes showed 2.29 % higher seed yield.

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