II.—The Magnesian Limestone and New Red Sandstone in the Neighbourhood of Nottingham

1877 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 155-156
Author(s):  
W. T. Aveline
Keyword(s):  
Geological Survey ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Made In

Since the Government Geological Survey of the country around Nottingham was made in the year 1859, and the Explanation on the Geological Map Quarter-sheet 71 N.E. was written in 1861, papers by local geologists have been written, stating that in the neighbourhood of Nottingham a perfect conformity existed between the Magnesian Limestone and the New Red Sandstone. This being totally at variance with conclusions I came to when I surveyed that country, I have been for some time past desirous to say a word on the subject, but being deeply occupied with the old rocks of the Lake district, I have put it off from time to time. I felt little doubt in my mind, when surveying the neighbourhood of Nottingham, that there was a considerable break between the Magnesian Limestone and the New Red Sandstone, and this opinion was completely confirmed as I continued my survey northwards through Nottinghamshire into Yorkshire.

scholarly journals The Resilience of Indonesia’s State Budget against Central Government Debt

2020 ◽  
Vol 006 (02) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
Nugroho Suryo Bintoro
Keyword(s):  
Government Spending ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Government Debt ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
State Budget ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Term Data ◽  
Made In

The growth of central government debt in Indonesia is the subject of endless discussion for both economists and experts in other fields. Although the government uses this debt in order to increase Indonesia's competence through infrastructure development, there are problems in the form of previous accumulated debts. This accumulative debt is known as the concept of “debt stock” which is assessed through Indonesia's fiscal resilience (APBN) to measure the repayment capacity of new debts that will be made in the future. This ability will be seen using long-term data from 1990 to 2016 which is reflected in the variables of central government debt, government spending and revenue so that it is known that Indonesia's central government debt can still be said to be sustainable and the Indonesian government should prioritize productive expenditures in order to increase government revenues.

Three different approaches to provide urban geological information from a geological survey perspective: the Catalan case study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillem Subiela ◽  
Miquel Vilà ◽  
Roser Pi ◽  
Elena Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Geological Environment ◽  
Borehole Data ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
Geological Factors ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
The Government

<p>Studying urban geology is a key way to identify municipal issues involved with urban development and sustainability, land resources and hazard awareness in highly populated areas. In the last decade, one of the lines of work of the Catalan Geological Survey (Institut Cartogràfic i Geològic de Catalunya) has been the development of (i) 1:5.000 scale Urban Geological Map of Catalonia project. Besides, two pilot projects have recently been started: (ii) the system of layers of geological information and (iii) the fundamental geological guides of municipalities. This communication focuses on the presentation of these projects and their utility, with the aim of finding effective ways of transferring geological knowledge and information of a territory, from a geological survey perspective.</p><p>The 1:5.000 urban geological maps of Catalonia (i) have been a great ambitious project focused on providing detailed, consistent and accurate geological, geotechnical and anthropogenic activity information of the main urban areas of Catalonia. Nevertheless, it must be taken into account that the compilation and elaboration of a large volume of geological information and also the high level of detail require a lot of time for data completeness.</p><p>In order to optimize a greater distribution of information, a system of layers of geological information (ii) covering urban areas is being developed. This pilot project consists of providing specific layers of Bedrock materials, Quaternary deposits, anthropogenic grounds, structural measures, geochemical compositions, borehole data and so on. However, as information layers are treated individually, it may not be clear the coherence between data from different layers of information and its use is currently limited to Earth-science professionals working with geological data.</p><p>Hence, as a strategy to reach a wider range of users and also provide a homogeneous and varied geological information, the development of fundamental geological guides for municipalities is also being carried out (iii). These documents include the general geological characterization of the municipality, the description of the main geological factors (related to geotechnical properties, hydrogeology, environmental concerns and geological hazards and resources) and the list of the sources of geological information to be considered. Moreover, each guide contains a 1:50.000 geological map that has cartographic continuity with the neighbouring municipalities. The municipal guides allow a synthesis of the geological environment of the different Catalan municipalities and give fundamental recommendations for the characterization of the geological environment of the municipality.</p><p>In conclusion, the three projects facilitate the characterization of geological environment of urban areas, the evaluation of geological factors in ground studies and also, in general, the management of the environment. These products differ depending on the degree of detail, the coherence of the geological information, the necessary knowledge for their execution or their purpose of use. This set of projects defines a geological urban framework, which is adjusted depending on the government’s requirements, the society’s needs and the geological survey’s available resources.</p>

scholarly journals IV.—On the Lower Silurian Rocks of Galashiels

1870 ◽  
Vol 7 (71) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Lapworth
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
The South ◽  
Lower Silurian ◽  
The Government ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Made In

The Lower Silurian rocks of Scotland, largely developed as they are in the south, and in spite of the great labour that has been bestowed upon them, are by far the least known of all the fossiliferous formations of that country. While the maps of the Government Geological Survey are coloured in all the subdivisions of the strata of the other formations included in their area, the Lower Silurians are merely indicated by a common purple tint, and not the slightest attempt at a subdivision is made. Even the single bed of Limestone they contain, below the horizon of that of the W. coast, is doubtfully referred to the Llandeilo, and the sign of interrogation is carefully placed before its title. Nicol, Harkness, J. C. Moore, and many other eminent geologists, have worked different portions of these ancient deposits since the publication of “The Silurian System,” but as yet very little progress has really been made in correlating its different parts with those of the type formation of the sister country.

Allied High Commission for Germany

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-342
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Minister ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
The West ◽  
German Government ◽  
Political Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Final Settlement ◽  
Considerable Discussion ◽  
Made In

Negotiations on the Saar Territory: Negotiations between France and the government of the Saar on a convention to define their relationship toward each other were the subject of considerable discussion in Germany. On January 7, 1950, Jacob Kaiser, Minister for the Reunification of Germany in the west German government, proposed that the Saar's future political status be determined by a referendum, while President Theodor Heuss suggested that final settlement of the question could only be made in a German peace treaty and Chancellor Konrad Adenauer announced that any step to separate the Saar from Germany would meet “the same opposition that we have offered to creation of the Oder-Neisse line.” French Foreign Minister Schuman stated on January 15 that his government would continue with the policy defined in the Saar statute; the discussions were technical, and would have to be confirmed by the peace treaty.

scholarly journals Le Conseil économique et l’impact régional de la politique commerciale

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-514
Author(s):  
A. M. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
General Framework ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
General Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Made In

Abstract Given that there are a number of possible models of the regional impact of a tariff, one would have hoped that the Council would have attempted to test the standard ones and/or to have developed new and better ones. After almost forty years Mackintosh's model is still probably the most persuasive model of the long run impact of the tariff in Canada. The Council in its main report has been largely content to repeat and to some extent to confuse elements of the conventional wisdom on the subject. Interesting points have been made in some of the background studies, particularly, among the studies reviewed, by Postner and by Dauphin. At a general level, the Council has failed to integrate its recommendations concerning tariff policy into the general framework of regional policy in this country. Specifically, the Council fails to consider explicitly that on "second best" grounds the elimination of tariffs may not lead to an improvement in resource allocation, nor does it consider in any detail policies which would be preferable to tariffs to achieve regional (and other) objectives which require intervention by the government. For a study which suggests that free trade would bring gains of at least five per cent of GNP, or over $8 billion per year at current levels of production, it would be unfortunate if a certain naïveté in exposition of the free trade case were to consign the document to the political dust-bin.

scholarly journals XX.—A Bathymetrical and Geological Study of the Lakes of Snowdonia and Eastern Carnarvonshire

1905 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Jehu
Keyword(s):  
Geological Survey ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Lake District ◽  
Ordnance Survey ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Geological Surveys ◽  
North Wales ◽  
English Lake District ◽  
The Government ◽  
Geological Research

The study of lakes has received more attention on the Continent than it has in our own country. The inland waters of France and Switzerland have been most carefully surveyed, and in America accurate soundings of many of the lakes have been made by the Geological Surveys. But until recent years this work has been almost altogether neglected in Britain; the Government had considered it to be outside the function of the Ordnance Survey, and though of importance to geological research, it has not been undertaken by the Geological Survey. The absence of adequate knowledge concerning the forms of the basins occupied by the lakes has been a serious obstacle to the geological inquiry as to the mode of origin of these basins. But recently, in the English Lake District and in Scotland, this obstacle has been removed to a great extent through the work of geographers, who have carried out a very complete bathymetrical survey of many of the lakes of those regions; and the importance of this work has been recognised by geologists. But in North Wales not only had no attempt been made to ascertain the configuration of the lake-beds, but in many cases even the depths of the lakes remained unknown.

scholarly journals V. On the Geological Structure of the District around Kingswood Hill, near Bristol; with especial reference to the supposed Development of Millstone-grit in that Neighbourhood

1865 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
Handel Cossham
Keyword(s):  
Geological Structure ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Coal Field ◽  
The South ◽  
Especial Reference ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
The Government ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Coal Fields

I have for some years had serious doubts as to the correctness of the Map of the Geological Survey so for as it relatesto the supposed presence of Millstone-grit in the northern portion of the Bristol Coal-field in the neighbourhood of Kingswood Hill; and in a foot-note to a most valuable lecture delivered by my friend Mr. Robert Etheridge, F.G.S. (of the RoyalSchool of Mines) at the Bristol Mining School in 1857, and published in a volume of Lectures issued by that Institution, Ihad, so long ago as that year, expressed doubts as to the existence of Millstone-grit at the surface near kingswood. Sincethen I have had much greater opportunities of investigating the matter, having taken, with my partners, a large tract of mineral property in that district; and the results of those investigations thoroughly confirm the doubts I had previously entertained, and in fact fully satisfy my mind that what is shown as Millstone-grit on the Government Geological Map, as also on the valuable map lately published by Mr. William Sanders, F.R.S., of Bristol, is really nothing more than one of thesandstones (the ‘Holmes Rock’) so common in the Coal-measures proper, and developed on a grand scale in the Pennant-grit dividing the Upper and Lower Coal-series of all the South-western Coal-fields.

scholarly journals IX. Further observations on welwitschia

1909 ◽  
Vol 200 (262-273) ◽  
pp. 331-402 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
British Association ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Africa ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

By the courtesy of His Excellency Herr von Lindequist and the Government of German South-West Africa, a second expedition to Damaraland was made in the summer of 1906-7. Welwitschia was found in flower at Welwitsch and in the neighbourhood of Haikamchab. The material which is the subject of this investigation was collected in these localities in January and February, 1907. The cost of the journey was defrayed by a grant from the British Association.

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