Arbitral Tribunal: Award in Dispute between Libyan American Oil Company (Liamco) and the Government of the Libyan Arab Republic Relating to Petroleum Concessions

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-87 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arbitral Tribunal ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Company

International Arbitral Tribunal: Award on the Merits in Dispute Between Texaco Overseas Petroleum Company/California Asiatic Oil Company and the Government of the Libyan Arab Republic (Compensation For Nationalized Property)

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Arbitral Tribunal ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Legal Effect ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Contractual Obligations ◽  
Petroleum Company ◽  
First Time ◽  
Oil Company

The following arbitral award was rendered by a sole arbitrator in connection with disputes reen the Libyan Arab Republic ("Libya") and two international oil companies arising out of rees of nationalization promulgated by Libya. This award is being reproduced herewith in entirety . The award not only considers many fundamental principles and doctrines of international law but is also unique in two major respects . For the first time in the history of international arbitration relating to economic development contracts , an arbitral tribunal held ; the injured parties were entitled to restitutio in integrum and that the sovereign s t a te obliged to perform specifically its contractual obligations with private foreign investors, iddition, the arbitral tribunal , after reviewing the legal effect in international law of the :ed Nations General Assembly resolutions concerning permanent sovereignty over natural wealth resources, concluded that such resolutions could not be used by the state to violate its :ractual obligations in commercial transactions . The remaining portion of this Introductory : will briefly describe the steps leading to arbitration , the arbitral proceedings and the ilution of the disputes.

International Arbitral Tribunal: Award on the Merits in Dispute Between Texaco Overseas Petroleum Company/California Asiatic Oil Company and the Government of the Libyan Arab Republic (Compensation For Nationalized Property)

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-133
Keyword(s):  
Arbitral Tribunal ◽  
Governing Council ◽  
The Government ◽  
Petroleum Company ◽  
Oil Company

One of the most important tasks entrusted to the Preparatory Commission under paragraph C.l(o) of its Statute, was to prepare, for submission to the Governing Council, a Working Papar on the policies and criteria to govern financing by the Fund.

International Chamber of Commmerce Court of Arbitration: Final Award of the Arbitral Tribunal in Arbitration Between National Oil Corporation and Libyan Sun Oil Company (Withdrawal from Exploration and Production Sharing Agreement)

1990 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-623
Keyword(s):  
Arbitral Tribunal ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Force Majeure ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Oil Company

In Its briefs dated September 15 And November E, 19E5, N.O.C. did not Invoke as being a withdrawal, any action from SDN-OIL In ceasing performance before the Request for Arbitration was filed, other than the “force mejeure” excuse. Its argumentation was different. N.O.C. considered that, assuming that SUN-OIL had not withdrawn from the EPS* In 1962, there would be withdrawal If SUM-OIL does not resume, or does not show that it intends to resume, the Exploration Operations in spite of the Arbitral Tribunal's award regarding the Invalidity of the force majeure excuses. In such case, SUN-OIL would have to pay N.O.C. the costs of the uncompleted portion of the Exploration Program, as provided under Art. 3.4. of the EPSA.

scholarly journals The historical-sociological matrix and ethos at the heart and strength of MPLA’s modern Angola

Tempo ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-173
Author(s):  
Nuno Carlos de Fragoso Vidal
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Political Management ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Oil Company

Abstract: Proximate to a Weberian perspective, this article argues that the resilience of the Angolan regime is mainly owed to an ethos structured on top of a specific socio-cultural historical matrix (minority at start), evolving since the 16th century. Such matrix was structured on a prevailing Weltanschauung (world and national vision), that has been progressively self-presented, self-assumed, imposed/assimilated as national and modern within a project of identity and power hegemony, even though still and constantly ridden by several internal contradictions and tensions. Dynamics of this process is central to understand the intricacies of the relationship between rulers and ruled, evolving identities as well as the still significant social support to the party in power after more than four decades in the government. The regime’s resilience lays on such ethos in support of hegemonic power and identity project, above and beyond the president and all his political management abilities, beyond the central instrumentality of the national oil company (SONANGOL), beyond the media spotlight on influential names surrounding the presidency, including the president’s men, generals, and beyond authoritarianism.

Legal Safeguards in Egypt's Petroleum Concession Agreements

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-396
Author(s):  
Minas Khatchadourian
Keyword(s):  
Host Country ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Production Sharing ◽  
Arbitration Clause ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Company

This article deals with the concession contracts for the exploration and the production of oil and gas in Egypt. Such tripartite contracts are concluded between the Government of Egypt (GOE) as the host country, a National Oil Company (NOC) as the concession holder and an international oil company (IOC) as the foreign contractor who receives a part of the oil or gas production on a production sharing agreement (PSA). From an Egyptian legal perspective, this contract is qualified as a State contract which is supposed to give the Government some exorbitant powers towards its counterparts. However, in order to attract foreign investors into this kind of agreement and encourage international oil companies to explore natural resources, several legal safeguards are incorporated in the concession agreement. Examples of this include placing the contract in the framework of a legislative act, granting the contract a supremacy on any contrary legislation, stabilization clause, adaptation of the contract through renegotiation, arbitration clause, etc.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PETANI KELAPA-TERNAK SAPI DI KAWASAN AGROPOLITAN KECAMATAN TENGA KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN

ZOOTEC ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
A. H. S. Salendu ◽  
F. H. Elly
Keyword(s):  
Time Allocation ◽  
Family Labor ◽  
The Family ◽  
Processing Activity ◽  
Work Allocation ◽  
Cattle Farming ◽  
Hired Labor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Company ◽  
Cattle Farmer

ABSTRAKKabupaten Minahasa Selatan merupakan daerah yang direncanakan untuk pengembangan agropolitan. Ternak sapi sebagai ternak andalan dikembangkan dengan cara digembalakan di bawah pohon kelapa. Permasalahannya seberapa besar alokasi tenaga kerja dan pendapatan kelapa-usaha ternak sapi di kecamatan Tenga. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis alokasi tenaga kerja dan pendapatan kelapa usaha ternak sapi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan untuk pengolahan kopra yang dialokasi oleh tenaga keluarga adalah 480 jam. Sedangkan penggunaan tenaga kerja luar keluarga (sewa) adalah untuk kegiatan pengolahan kopra yaitu 1.440 jam lebih besar dari jam kerja untuk keluarga. Tenaga kerja yang digunakan untuk usaha ternak sapi adalah tenaga kerja keluarga dengan alokasinya untuk kegiatan pindahkan sapi, mencari rumput, memberi makan, minum dan memandikan sapi. Alokasi jam yang terbesar untuk pindahkan sapi. Pendapatan dari penjualan kopra tergantung dari harga kopra. Harga kopra yang dijual di tempat petani lebih rendah dibanding dijual di perusahaan minyak goreng. Rata-rata pendapatan ternak sapi sebesar Rp 1.621.854,06 per tahun per responden. Pendapatan ini diperoleh tanpa perhitungan tenaga kerja keluarga. Saran penelitian ini adalah perlu intervensi dari pemerintah untuk pengembangan ternak sapi karena dengan penjualan ternak sapi sejumlah 1,42 ekor dalam setahun sangat merugikan petani.Kata Kunci : Pendapatan, kelapa, ternak sapiABSTRACTINCOME ANALYSIS OF COCONUT-CATTLE FARMER’S IN AGROPOLITAN AREA SUBDISTRICT TENGA SOUTH MINAHASA REGENCY. South Minahasa district is an area planned for agropolitan development. Cattle as a main ruminant livestock was developed by grazing method under coconut plantation. The problems are how big the allocation of labor and the income of coconut-cattle farming in the district of Tenga. The purpose of this study was to analyze the allocation of labor and income of coconut-cattle farming. The result showed that the activities for the processing of copra allocated by the family labor were 480 hours. While the use of hired labor (rent) for copra processing activity were 1,440 hours greater than work allocation time for the family. Family labors used for the cattle farming were including to move the cattle for grazing and drinking, to collect grass, to feed and to cleanse animals. The largest time allocation by household family was move cattle for grazing and drinking. Income of the copra earned by haousehold family was depend on the price of copra. Price of copra earned by households at their location was lower than the price accepted at the cooking oil company. The average income of cattle household farmers was Rp 1,621,854.06 per year per respondent. This income was obtained without including family labor. It was suggested in this study that the government policy was crucial for cattle development due to low sale of cattle per year with the average of 1.42 head. This case inflicted a loss upon the household farmers.Keywords: income, coconut-cattle farmer,

Remarks by James Nevins Hyde:

1973 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
James Nevins Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
International Law ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
International Arbitration ◽  
Public International Law ◽  
Transnational Law ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
Municipal Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Company

Transnational law includes municipal law, public international law, and conflicts, including some attention to comparative law. For example, the international arbitration between the Arabian-American Oil Company and the Government of Saudi Arabia required George Sauser-Hall, the arbitrator, to weigh all of these variables. When you consider working in this field you should realize that you are concerned with politics, economics, and different bodies of law and also with great areas of uncertainty. I suppose that the current ITT case with $92 millions of investment insurance is a good example of the uncertainty when a political and legal situation gets mixed up.

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