scholarly journals Labour Conflicts and Working-Class Culture in Early Modern Holland

1990 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Class Culture ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Ancien Régime ◽  
Modern Era

SUMMARYFrom the 15th to the 18th century Holland, the most urbanized part of the northern Netherlands, had a tradition of labour action. In this article the informal workers' organizations which existed especially within the textile industry are described. In the 17th century the action forms adjusted themselves to the better coordinated activities of the authorities and employers. After about 1750 this protest tradition disappeared, along with the economic recession which especially struck the traditional industries. Because of this the continuity of the transition from the ancien régime to the modern era which may be discerned in the labour movements of countries like France and England, cannot be found in Holland.

«Ultimamente con non poco travaglio alla Cocincina si videro»: viaggiatori gesuiti in Asia orientale nel secolo XVII

2021 ◽  
pp. 219-262
Author(s):  
Carlo Pelliccia
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
East Asia ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Society Of Jesus ◽  
Unpublished Manuscript ◽  
Mutual Knowledge ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

This article examines one section, Regno della Cocincina of the unpublished manuscript Ragguaglio della missione del Giappone (17th century) preserved in the Archivum Romanum Societatis Iesu (ARSI). I analyze the historical-political, socio-cultural, ethnographic, and geographical information conveyed by the report’s author. The text explores the role of the Society of Jesus’ correspondence in the phenomenon of cultural interaction and mutual knowledge between Europe and East Asia in the early modern era.

Fine Structure and Reproducibility of Radiocarbon Ages of Middle to Early Modern Japanese Tree Rings

Radiocarbon ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1907-1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Sakamoto ◽  
Masataka Hakozaki ◽  
Nanae Nakao ◽  
Takeshi Nakatsuka
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Calibration Curve ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Structure Tree ◽  
The 19Th Century

ABSTRACTThis study carried out accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) measurement of Japanese tree rings dating from the middle to early modern eras to investigate calibration curve fine structure. Tree-ring ages were determined by dendrochronology or δ18O chronology for Japanese trees. 14C ages from the 15th century to the middle of the 17th century followed the IntCal13 calibration curve within measurement error. Different patterns of fluctuations during the latter half of the 17th century to the early the 18th century were observed in different tree samples. In the 19th century, patterns of 14C ages of different samples appeared similar but did not exactly match each other.

scholarly journals Lutheran Clergy in an Orthodox Empire. The Apppointment of Pastors in the Russo-Swedish Borderland in the 18th Century

Perichoresis ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Räihä
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Canon Law ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Old Swedish ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

Abstract The history of the parishioners’ right to participate in and influence the choice of local clergy in Sweden and Finland can be taken back as far as the late Medieval Times. The procedures for electing clergymen are described in historiography as a specifically Nordic feature and as creating the basis of local self-government. In this article the features of local self-government are studied in a context where the scope for action was being modified. The focus is on the parishioners’ possibilities and willingness to influence the appointment of pastors in the Lutheran parishes of the Russo-Swedish borderlands in the 18th century. At the same time, this article will offer the first comprehensive presentation of the procedures for electing pastors in the Consistory District of Fredrikshamn. The Treaty of Åbo, concluded between Sweden and Russia in 1743, ensured that the existing Swedish law, including the canon law of 1686, together with the old Swedish privileges and statutes, as well as the freedom to practise the Lutheran religion, remained in force in the area annexed into Russia. By analysing the actual process of appointing pastors, it is possible to discuss both the development of the local political culture and the interaction between the central power and the local society in the late Early Modern era.

scholarly journals The early modern transmission of the ancient Greek romances: a bibliographic survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kirsten Ricquier
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Genre Theory ◽  
Prose Fiction ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
Classical Philology ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

This contribution offers a new, critical bibliography of translations and editions of the five extant Greek romances in the early modern era, from the beginning of printing to the eighteenth century. By consulting catalogues of libraries, digitalised copies, and secondary literature, I expand, update and correct earlier bibliographies. I identify alleged editions and include creative treatments of the texts as well as incomplete versions. As an interpretation of my survey, I give an overview of broad, changing tendencies throughout the era and filter the dispersion over Europe in a wider area and period than was available so far, in order to get a more complete picture of their distribution. Furthermore, I point to some peculiar (tendencies in) combinations, among the lemmata themselves, as well as with other stories.Kirsten Ricquier studied Classical Philology at Ghent University (Belgium). She is currently a researcher at this institution funded by the European Research Council Starting Grant Novel Saints under the supervision of Professor Koen De Temmerman. Her research concerns the afterlife of ancient prose fiction in medieval Greek hagiography and the early modern era, the classical tradition (particularly in the long 18th century), and genre theory.

scholarly journals Zukunftspessimismus in der Frühen Neuzeit? Überlegungen zu frühneuzeitlichen Zukunftsvorstellungen am Beispiel des Vanitas-Motives zur Zeit des Barock

2017 ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Lisa-Marie Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Modern Time ◽  
Still Life ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Early Modern Time ◽  
The Future ◽  
Baroque Era ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era

Future pessimism in the Early Modern era? Reflections on Early Modern future imaginations exemplified by the baroque Vanitas motif. The following bachelor thesis is about the future imaginations of the Early Modern time. The paper follows the question, if there was a factual ‚future pessimism‘ in the baroque era, trying to exemplify this by the booming Vanitas motif. Therefore, the thesis will examine the history and meaning of the motif compared to the trends of the tumultous 17th century. As will be shown, the Vanitas motif was also an art form as well as a manifestation of a transience-consciousness that manifested itself not least in the form of Vanitas still life and baroque poetry.

scholarly journals A phylogeography of the second plague pandemic revealed through the analysis of historical Y. pestis genomes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria A. Spyrou ◽  
Marcel Keller ◽  
Rezeda I. Tukhbatova ◽  
Elizabeth A. Nelson ◽  
Aida Andrades Valtueňa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Black Death ◽  
Initial Wave ◽  
Low Diversity ◽  
Early Modern Era ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Late Stages

The second plague pandemic (14th - 18th century AD), caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, is infamous for its initial wave, the Black Death (1346-1353 AD), and its repeated scourges in Europe and the vicinity until the Early Modern Era. Here, we report 32 ancient Y. pestis genomes spanning the 14th to 17th century AD through the analysis of human remains from nine European archaeological sites. Our data support an initial entry of the bacterium from Eastern Europe and the absence of genetic diversity during the Black Death as well as low diversity during local outbreaks thereafter. Moreover, analysis of post-Black Death genomes shows the diversification of a Y. pestis lineage into multiple genetically distinct clades that may have given rise to more than one disease reservoir in, or close to, Europe. Finally, we show the loss of a genomic region that includes virulence-associated genes in strains associated with late stages of the second plague pandemic (17th - 18th century AD). This deletion could not be detected in extant strains within our modern dataset, though it was identified in a today-extinct lineage associated with the first plague pandemic (6th - 8th century AD), suggesting convergent evolution during both pandemic events.

scholarly journals Pepys reading: passion for books in an English man’s diary of the 17th century

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-242
Author(s):  
Anna Stogova
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Considerable Effect ◽  
The Self ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Traditional Image

The article touches upon the Early Modern practices of reading, which are subject of much debate in contemporary scholarship. The traditional image of man’s reading before the 18th century implied serious approach to books and the use of information found there for self-education, self-edification, and acquisition of social prestige. The analysis of the diary by Samuel Papys (1660-1669), a Navy Office clerk, demonstrates that this ideal model did not have considerable effect on representations of the experience of reading in texts that constructed a “story of self”. Not only the practices of reading varied greatly, but the category chosen by Pepys to define this experience was the category of pleasure directly linked to the “self-image” under construction.

A Careful Management: The Borghese Family and their Fiefs in Early Modern Lazio

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-193
Author(s):  
Bertrand Forclaz
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Early Modern Italy ◽  
Careful Management

AbstractThis article investigates economic management of fiefs as well as social relationships between lords and vassals in 17th- and 18th-century central Italy. Up to recent years, historians of early modern Italy as well as other European countries have stressed the “archaic” features of noble management, which would have prevented the emergence of a “modern” market-oriented agrarian economy, or have portrayed noblemen as market-oriented landowners neglecting their seigneurial rights. I argue here that both dimensions were present in noble management, as lords did not choose between them, but rather leaned upon one or the other according to circumstances. I base my argument on the case of the Borghese, one of the wealthiest papal families of the 17th century. Finally, this study shows that modern elements could be brought into a model characterized by strong seigneurial rights.

scholarly journals Vestirse a la moda en la España modernaDressing fashionably in Modern Era Spain

2017 ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Descalzo Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Western Culture ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Level ◽  
Neighboring Country ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Important Trend ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Political Scene

Este artículo analiza el vestido y la moda en la España moderna, ya que ambos adquieren en ese momento una importancia muy significativa. La invención de nuevas prendas femeninas durante el reinado de los Reyes Católicos cambió la silueta de la mujer en toda Europa, y su sentido. El protagonismo del vestido español se acrecentó durante el Imperio, cuando España se convirtió en el centro creador de tendencias más importante de la cultura occidental. Sin embargo, en el siglo XVII, la pérdida de importancia de España en el ámbito político frente a la preponderante Francia relegó su moda a un segundo plano a nivel internacional, al tiempo que llevó a los españoles a adoptar su vestido como elemento de identidad.La llegada de los Borbones marcó la adopción del traje francés. No obstante, en la segunda mitad del siglo XVIII emergió una reacción casticista fomentada por los majos frente a la moda del país vecino imperante en toda Europa.PALABRAS CLAVE: España, moda, vestido, apariencia, siglos XVII-XVIII.ABSTRACTThis article analyses clothing and fashion in Modern Era Spain as both acquired significant importance in those times. The invention of new female garments during the reign of the Catholic King and Queen (Ferdinand and Isabel) changed the female silhouette and its meaning all over Europe. The prominence of Spanish clothing increased during the Imperial period and turned Spain into the most important trend-setting center in Western culture. However, in the 17th century, Spain’s lossof importance on the political scene vis-à-vis the predominance of France overshadowed Spanish fashion at the international level while at the same time making Spaniards adopt their clothes as an element of identity.French clothing was adopted with the arrival of the Bourbons. Nevertheless, in the second half of the 18th century there emerged a purist reaction encouraged by los majos against the fashion of the neighboring country, which was prevalent all over Europe.KEY WORDS: Spain, fashion, dress, appearance, XVII-XVIII centuries.

scholarly journals A kora újkori magyarországi prédikációirodalom kutatásának eredményei és jövőbeni irányai

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Kecskeméti
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Genre Theory ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Structural Description ◽  
Romantic Literature ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Rhetorical Genre ◽  
Rhetorical Systems

The research of Early Modern sermon literature in Hungary has achieved significant results in the past decades. The research has covered the availability and interpretation of the texts as well as the historical understanding of the metadiscourse of theoretical reflection on preaching. In my opinion, however, we do not always make a clear enough distinction regarding when and to what extent we deliver the work of a literary historian. This study highlights three approaches based on which we do not simply chase the references of the texts but aim at examining their auto-referential characteristics. 1. Two quite different schools of literary studies have a common interest in understanding the intertextuality of sermon texts. Structural description cannot make a move without intertextuality as it has great significance in judging the structure, formation, integrity, and coherence of texts; while its importance for the approach of reception history is obvious. 2. Regarding all the rhetorical systems of the Early Modern Age, rhetorical genre theory was the one which initiated the greatest renewal of the tradition of rhetorical theory that had stemmed from antiquity and had been revealed by Humanism (Melanchthon’s genus didascalicum; Hyperius’ five homiletic genera). The widespread prevalence of Melanchthon’s idea that had lasted for a century was halted by Vossius’ reception, that is, rational-intellectual teaching-disserting confessional discussion gave its place to the discourse of Classicism at the beginning of the 17th century. Hyperius’ classification was cherished by the homiletics of international Calvinism at the end of the 16th century; it turned his literary genres into those parts of the sermon text that give space to the usus. In the second half of the 17th century, in a Lutheran milieu, provoking emotions got a greater significance – the three non-didactic kinds of Hyperius’ five gains could still provide an appropriate framework to it. 3. Out of the reflections that anticipate the late 18th-century theses of poetic and aesthetic thinking, the theoretic positions occupied by homiletics are the most articulated ones in the field of alterity. In the corpus of previous literature, the text group, which can be most evidently compared to the unique role that emotionality would have in post-romantic literature, had developed in the literary genres of piety.

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