scholarly journals The Pedagogy of Porter: The Origins of the Reformatory in the Cape Colony, 1882–1910

1986 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Chisholm
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transition ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Commercial Agriculture ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Colonial Society ◽  
Merchant Capital ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
The Way

This article explores the origins and nature of the reformatory in Cape colonial society between 1882 and 1910. Born in a period of economic transition, its concern was with the reproduction of a labouring population precipitated by colonial conquest. Unlike the prison and compound, which gained their distinctive character from the way in which they were articulated to an emerging industrial capitalist society, the reformatory was shaped by the imperatives of merchant capital and commercial agriculture. Although based on the English model, local social realities quickly began to mould the particular nature of the reformatory in the Cape Colony. Firstly, classification for the purposes of control came to mean segregation in a colonial context. secondly, the needs of commercial agriculture meant that in Porter there was a much greater stress on the apprenticing of inmates than there was in the internal operations of the British reformatory.

The long and winding road

2021 ◽  
pp. 194277862110472
Author(s):  
Kevin R Cox
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
University System ◽  
American University ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Way

Growing up in a capitalist society means induction into a set of taken for granted concepts that seemingly get realized through the way that world works. As a result, a grasp of the very different fundamentals of Marxism has to be a lifetime pursuit. For the author, it started in secondary school for reasons that were both personal and intellectual. In terms of the overall geohistorical trajectory of the author’s life, it bears emphasis that it is unlikely that that would have occurred in the US as it was at that time. Nevertheless, the American university system would then allow, often unintendedly, a deepening of that understanding. There have been diversions and distractions, most notably the distributional emphasis of much critical work in the 1970s and then critical realism in the 1980s, but overcoming them served to further enhance a critical grasp. A visit to South Africa in 1982 played a part in that. The trajectory has been simultaneously geohistorical and dialectical.

Divine Attributes as a Topic in Analytic Theology

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
Michael C. Rea
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Religion ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Analytic Approach ◽  
Divine Attributes ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Philosophical Literature ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
The Way

Analytic theology differs from other forms of theology primarily in its methodology: its ambitions, its style, its conversation partners, and so on. This is where the most interesting differences between analytic philosophical discussions of the divine attributes and contemporary theological discussions of that topic are to be found. The main positive thesis of this chapter is that the most distinctive features of the approach to divine attributes that one finds in the analytic philosophical literature are simply instances of more general distinctives of analytic theology. The chapter focuses on some of the distinguishing features of the way in which the topic of divine attributes is approached in analytic philosophy of religion as contrasted with the way(s) in which many contemporary theologians are inclined to approach it. The end result is a clearer picture both of the nature of analytic theology in general and of the distinctive character of an analytic approach to the topic of divine attributes.

The discursive management of identity in interviews with female former colonials of the Belgian Congo

Pragmatics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorien Van De Mieroop ◽  
Jonathan Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Colonial Society ◽  
Essential Tool ◽  
Construction Of Meaning ◽  
Face Threat ◽  
Belgian Congo ◽  
The Way

Whilst interviews are often regarded as an essential tool for social science, it has long been recognized that the interviewer has a formative role in the locally situated socio-communicative events that interviews are. Using transcripts of interviews elicited from female former colonials in the Belgian Congo, this article examines the way in which the interviewer, himself a former colonial, manages the construction of meaning and identity in relation to two intricately interwoven issues, namely the position of women and colonial society more generally. Findings demonstrate that the interviewer places the interviewees in a position of interactional subordination which also allows him, despite the threat to the interviewees’ face, to construct women as being superfluous both in 1950s-society in general and more specifically in the storyworld of the Belgian Congo, whilst at the same time he avoids any face threat to the colonial society more generally.

scholarly journals Pengantar mengenai Hegemoni dan Hukum: Menyoal Kembali Bekerjanya Hukum di Masyarakat

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Ricca Anggraeni ◽  
Endra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Binding Force ◽  
The Way

Gramsci’s concept of hegemony tries to explain how modern capitalist society has been organized. Although he did not explain about law particularly, but his study on hegemony is relevant and usefull to the study of law untill now. This paper focuses on how to understand the concept of hegemony and use it in field of the study of law. To examine the focus of this study, conceptual approach is used, and some points of argumentations in this study are based on several scholars’ opinions related to concept of hegemony. This study concludes that hegemony could be understood as the way to how certain social group obtains its authority persuasively, and then leads others to give its consensus to hegemonic social group. This point could help to understand about the working and binding force of authority and law in the society. Besides that, the concept of hegemony could also become a kind of tool in understanding the dynamic of law, such as how could law becomes a tool of social engineering, or how, at the end, law is obeyed by the society. Konsep hegemoni dari Gramsci berupaya menjelaskan bagaimana masyarakat pada tahap kapitalis modern diorganisasikan. Gramsci memang tidak secara khusus membahas persoalan hukum, namun kajian hegemoninya ternyata relevan juga bagi kajian di bidang hukum. Tujuan kajian atau pembahasan dalam artikel ini diarahkan kepada persoalan memahami konsep hegemoni, dan kemudian, bagaimanakah hegemoni ini, sebagai sebuah konsep atau teori, dapat berguna di dalam kajian bidang hukum. Pembahasan kedua hal tersebut menggunakan metode pendekatan konseptual, dengan bersandar pada beberapa pendapat sarjana. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa hegemoni dapat dipahami sebagai cara bagaimana suatu kelompok sosial memperoleh pengaruh (kekuasaan) melalui cara-cara yang lebih persuasif, dengan menggiring kelompok sosial lain (yang dikuasai) untuk memberikan persetujuannya (konsensus) kepada kelompok sosial yang menguasai. Poin ini bisa membantu untuk memahami otoritas dan hukum yang bekerja serta mengikat masyarakat. Selain itu, hegemoni dapat pula digunakan sebagai alat bantu dalam memahami fenomena yang terjadi dalam bidang hukum, seperti bagaimana hukum itu dapat berperan sebagai sarana untuk mengubah masyarakat, atau bagaimana hukum itu pada akhirnya dipatuhi oleh masyarakat.

Reframing Habermas’s colonization thesis: Neoliberalism as relinguistification

2020 ◽  
pp. 136843102097078
Author(s):  
Roderick Condon
Keyword(s):  
Critical Theory ◽  
Systems Theory ◽  
Communicative Action ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Ordinary Language ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Social Systems Theory ◽  
The Way

While the critique of neoliberalism, as the form of contemporary capitalism, has been advanced from Marxian and Foucauldian perspectives, it has had limited attention from the perspective of Critical Theory. Largely unrecognized is the suitability of the theory of reification for this critique, specifically, Habermas’s version. This article reconsiders Habermas’s colonization thesis as the basis for a critical theory of neoliberalism, refining its theoretical framework to deepen its critical diagnosis. Against the dismissal of the system–lifeworld concept, a novel critique is advanced to suggest its original elaboration fell confusedly between two versions of social systems theory. Drawing from late developments, the scheme is reinterpreted as distinguishing two forms of communication in capitalist society: delinguistified and linguistic. This opens the way to reframe and communicatively transform colonization as relinguistification; that is, the translation of monetary coding into ordinary language such that communicative action is distorted from within by reifying concepts.

scholarly journals The Global Predicament: the way out

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Trainer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Resource Consumption ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
Technical Advance ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
The Way

Most "green" thought and action fails to grasp that this society involves levels of resource consumption and environmental impact that are far beyond those that can be sustained or spread to all people. Technical advance and reforms within consumer-capitalist society cannot solve the problems; this will be illustrated by reference to greenhouse and energy problems. Although present levels of consumption are grossly unsustainable, the supreme priority is economic growth, i.e. to raise them without limit. In addition a system based on free market principles cannot be just. Rich world affluence would not be possible if wealth was not being transferred from poor countries. The only way out of the alarming global situation is via transition to some kind of Simpler Way, which is unlikely to be taken. Implications for bringing about such a transition will be indicated.

scholarly journals The Way We Were: Command-and-Control Centres in the Global Space-Economy on the Eve of the 2008 Geo-Economic Transition

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J Taylor ◽  
Pengfei Ni ◽  
Ben Derudder ◽  
Michael Hoyler ◽  
Jin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Transition ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Global Space ◽  
Space Economy ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Way

Intellectual Humility and the Community of the Sacraments

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Macaskill
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Jesus Christ ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Union With Christ ◽  
Intellectual Humility ◽  
Distinctive Character ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Way

This chapter considers the role that the sacraments of baptism and Eucharist play in fostering a proper attitude of intellectual humility within Christian community. The sacraments dramatically enact the union with Christ that we have argued in previous chapters to define Christian intellectual humility, embodying the truth that our intellectual identities are not autonomous, but are dependent upon the constitutive identity of Jesus Christ and are located within the community of the church. Both baptism and Eucharist are understood within the New Testament to communicate the eschatological identity of the church, and therefore the distinctive character of our relationship to the reality of evil. The chapter will pay particular attention to the way that Paul directs his readers to think differently in response to the significance of the sacraments. It will also consider the close connection of the command to ‘love one another’ to the sacraments.

scholarly journals IKTINAAZ AN-NUQUUD - AHKAAMUHU WA AATSAARUHU WA SUBUL MU'ALAJATIHI ( Dirasah Muqaranah bi al-Iqtishad al-Islamy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-269
Author(s):  
Muhammad Roshdi Ibrahim Mas'ud
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Capitalist Society ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Way

Wealth is one of the greatest blessings that God has bestowed on man, with which the connection between peoples has increased, and many things have been accomplished, for it is truly the engine of the economy, has increased its speed, and has reduced a lot of time in matters that were done through trade-offs. People must not deviate from the money from what it was created for, and take it as a tool of hoarding, as this is contrary to its purpose, but given that some people may deviate from grace, then take the criticism as a destination after it was a means, which results in a lot of harm, so the ruling of the street comes in a way that violates everything that contradicts Therefore, preventing Islam from Iktinaz (hoarding wealth by not paying zakat on it) is not just an occasional phenomenon in Islamic law, but rather it expresses one of the serious differences between Islamic doctrine and capitalist doctrine, and reflects the way in which Islam was able to get rid of the problems of capitalism, resulting from the poor capitalist role of using criticism, which It leads to the most dangerous complications, threatens the movement of production and constantly rocks capitalist society.

Post-independence politics and land: from the community to agrarian servitude

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Washbrook
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Central Valley ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Central American ◽  
Commercial Agriculture ◽  
Land Privatization ◽  
New Nation ◽  
American Union ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

When Mexico declared independence in September 1821, Chiapas, along with the rest of Central America, joined the new nation. Then, in 1823, precipitated by the collapse of Iturbide's Mexican Empire, the other former Central American provinces broke away to form the Central American Union. Chiapas, though, chose permanent annexation to the Mexican republic the following year. This chapter is organized as follows. The first section reviews the historiography of other regions of Mexico and Central America during these years in order better to understand the way that history and geography may have influenced political and agrarian relations in Chiapas during the half-century after independence. The second section looks at politics and state-building in Chiapas between 1824 and 1855, focusing on the relationship between regional elites in the central valley and the central highlands, national governments, and Indian communities. The third section provides an overview of commercial agriculture, population, and labour, and analyzes the agrarian laws which were passed in the state in the post-independence period. The fourth section examines the process of land privatization in different regions of Chiapas and the relationship between the alienation of public and communal lands and the spread of agrarian servitude — both labour tenancy (known as baldiaje) and debt peonage. The fifth section addresses the question of why, despite the growing dispossession of communal land, no peasant rebellion emerged in Chiapas during these years, while the next section examines the Labour Tenancy Law of 1849, a short-lived attempt to regulate baldiaje and limit the role of servile labour in commercial agriculture. Finally, the last section looks at the impact in Chiapas of the laws of the Reform and civil conflict between liberals and conservatives in the period 1855–67, and highlights the way in which local political factionalism contributed to Chiapas's Caste War of 1869–70.

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