Seed Disinfection: I. An Outline of an Investigation on Disinfectant Dusts Containing Mercury.

1935 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 628-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. R. Dillon Weston ◽  
J. R. Booer
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Organic Mercury ◽  
Seed Disinfection ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Mercury Salts ◽  
Food Reserves

An outline is given of an investigation that has dealt with disinfectant dusts containing mercury, and it is shown that the majority of the inorganic mercury salts are of little value in this respect. Some organic mercury salts have been tested and the result of laboratory and field work suggests that there is a close relationship between composition and fungicidal power. In the series R-Hg-X, where R is a hydrocarbon and X an acidic radicle, the fungicidal power appears to decrease with the increase of the molecule of R. A study is made of the significance of X in the methyl series and the results as they apply to disease control are recorded on a series of graphs.The specificity of some of the compounds is noted and a brief mention is made of the treatment of seeds other than cereals.It is suggested that there is no evidence for stimulation in the sense of tonic effect but that instances of better germination, growth and crop yields are due not only to the control of seed-borne organisms but to the preservation of the food reserves in the seed from the attack of soil organisms or mould organisms adherent to the seed.

CHEMICAL CONTROL OF SNOW MOULD OF GRASSES AND ALFALFA IN ALBERTA

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Lebeau ◽  
M. W. Cormack ◽  
E. W. B. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Mercuric Chloride ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Sodium Tetraborate ◽  
Turf Grass ◽  
Mercurous Chloride ◽  
Margin Of Safety ◽  
Mercury Salts ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Snow Mould

Chemical tests for control of snow mould of turf grass and alfalfa were conducted at Edmonton from 1945 to 1957. Of a number of chemicals tested, inorganic mercury salts provided the best control. Mercuric chloride was more effective than mercurous chloride for treating alfalfa but no difference in control was observed from the two chemicals on turf grass. Sodium tetraborate sprays applied to the foliage of alfalfa in early fall gave remarkable control of the disease but are not recommended because of the low margin of safety from boron injury.

scholarly journals Cloning and Functional Analysis of Dwarf Gene Mini Plant 1 (MNP1) in Medicago truncatula

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4968
Author(s):  
Shiqi Guo ◽  
Xiaojia Zhang ◽  
Quanzi Bai ◽  
Weiyue Zhao ◽  
Yuegenwang Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Dwarf Gene ◽  
Model Legume ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Ga Biosynthesis

Plant height is a vital agronomic trait that greatly determines crop yields because of the close relationship between plant height and lodging resistance. Legumes play a unique role in the worldwide agriculture; however, little attention has been given to the molecular basis of their height. Here, we characterized the first dwarf mutant mini plant 1 (mnp1) of the model legume plant Medicago truncatula. Our study found that both cell length and the cell number of internodes were reduced in a mnp1 mutant. Using the forward genetic screening and subsequent whole-genome resequencing approach, we cloned the MNP1 gene and found that it encodes a putative copalyl diphosphate synthase (CPS) implicated in the first step of gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis. MNP1 was highly homologous to Pisum sativum LS. The subcellular localization showed that MNP1 was located in the chloroplast. Further analysis indicated that GA3 could significantly restore the plant height of mnp1-1, and expression of MNP1 in a cps1 mutant of Arabidopsis partially rescued its mini-plant phenotype, indicating the conservation function of MNP1 in GA biosynthesis. Our results provide valuable information for understanding the genetic regulation of plant height in M. truncatula.

Kanakomyrtus (Myrtaceae): A New Endemic Genus from New Caledonia with Linear Stigma Lobes and Baccate Fruits

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Snow
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Windward Side ◽  
Generic Type ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Unisexual Flowers ◽  
Species Descriptions

Kanakomyrtus (Myrtaceae) is a newly described genus endemic to New Caledonia. Kanakomyrtus myrtopsidoides, the generic type, is transferred from Eugenia. Five new species are described: K. mcphersonii, K. revoluta, K. dawsoniana, K. prominens, and K. longipetiolata. The genus occurs in forests at elevations between 500–1,600 m on the relatively mesic windward side of the Grande Terre. It is distinct from other baccate genera of Myrtaceae by a combination of linear stylar lobes, densely glandular stamens and stigmas, and a short but densely hoary indumentum that is brownish when dry. The thinly membranous partitions that partially extend between the seeds of some species suggest a close relationship to Archirhodomyrtus and some species traditionally placed in Rhodomyrtus and Octamyrtus. Four of the six species have unisexual flowers, but much additional field work is needed to assess the reproductive biology of the genus. Following IUCN guidelines, four species are proposed as either Endangered or Critically Endangered, whereas the remaining species are considered Vulnerable and of Low Concern. Species descriptions, illustrations, distribution maps, and keys to species of the genus and related taxa of baccate Myrtaceae from New Caledonia are included.

scholarly journals Impact of land management system on crop yields and soil fertility in Cameroon

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1087-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Tsozué ◽  
J. P. Nghonda ◽  
D. L. Mekem
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The impact of direct-seeding mulch-based cropping systems (DMC), direct seeding (DS) and tillage seeding (TS) on Sorghum yields, soil fertility and the rehabilitation of degraded soils was evaluated in northern Cameroon. Field work consisted of visual examination, soil sampling, yield and rainfall data collection. Three fertilization rates (F1: 100 kg ha−1 NPK + 25 kg ha−1 of urea in DMC, F2: 200 kg ha−1 NPK + 50 kg ha−1 of urea in DMC and F3: 300 kg ha−1 NPK + 100 kg ha−1 of urea in DMC) were applied to each cropping system (DS, TS and DMC), resulting in nine experimental plots. Two types of chemical fertilizer were used (NPK 22.10.15 and urea) and applied each year from 2002 to 2012. Average Sorghum yields were 1239, 863 and 960 kg ha−1 in DMC, DS and TS, respectively, at F1, 1658, 1139 and 1192 kg ha−1 in DMC, DS and TS, respectively, at F2, and 2270, 2138 and 1780 kg ha−1 in DMC, DS and TS, respectively, at F3. pH values were 5.2–5.7 under DMC, 4.9–5.3 under DS and TS and 5.6 in the control sample. High values of cation exchange capacity were recorded in the control sample, TS system and F1 of DMC. Base saturation rates, total nitrogen and organic matter contents were higher in the control sample and DMC than in the other systems. All studied soils were permanently not suitable for Sorghum due to the high percentage of nodules. F1 and F2 of the DS were currently not suitable, while F1 and F3 of DMC, F3 of DS and F1, F2 and F3 of TS were marginally suitable for Sorghum due to low pH values.

Non-chromatographic speciation of mercury in mushrooms

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1774-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ruiz-de-Cenzano ◽  
O. López-Salazar ◽  
M. L. Cervera ◽  
M. de la Guardia
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Organic Mercury

A fast, sensitive and cheap procedure has been developed for the determination of inorganic mercury (i-Hg) and organic mercury (o-Hg) in mushroom samples.

scholarly journals Development of Algorithms and Software Systems for Motion Control of a Robotic Tillage Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yakov P. Lobachevsky ◽  
Sergey E. Lonin ◽  
Ilya S. Alekseev ◽  
Nikolay T. Goncharov ◽  
Irina I. Afonina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Control ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Random Factor

Abstract. Automation of agricultural machinery is aimed at solving specific practical tasks: control and maintenance of the technological process quality, increasing labor productivity as well as crop yields. The method of "precision farming" is economically expedient, since it is a direct saving of technological material, as well as it helps reducing the negative impact on the environment and farm produce. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to review and analyze the main aspects required to develop the algorithms and software for motion control systems for a robotic tillage unit. (Materials and methods) To implement process control, it is necessary to control the direction of travel along a specified path, change the speed of movement depending on the engine load, switching the transmission gears. Physical-and-mechanical characteristics of the unit are rather heterogeneous and depend on weather conditions. Therefore, the algorithm for controlling the power of the robotic mobile unit must take into account, as much as possible, variations in the external effects of drawbar properties and the motion resistance, as a random factor. (Results and discussion) The authors have developed an imitation model representing the movement of a robotic unit. For the simulation, use has been made of a cyclic trajectory of the unit movement, consisting of two types of sections: the rectilinear ones reflecting the soil tillage pattern, and the turn areas where the unit makes a turn along a curvilinear trajectory around a certain center. (Conclusions) The implementation of robotic technologies in agricultural production result in increased technical, technological, production and economic indicators of agricultural units in field work, increased labor productivity, reduced time required for fieldworks, more rational use of bioenergy resources, increased yields of agricultural crops and reduced environmental impacts.

Accumulation properties of inorganic mercury and organic mercury in the red-crowned crane Grus japonensis in east Hokkaido, Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Teraoka ◽  
Erika Okamoto ◽  
Moe Kudo ◽  
Shouta M.M. Nakayama ◽  
Yoshinori Ikenaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Organic Mercury ◽  
Grus Japonensis
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