scholarly journals Comparisons between placing and broadcasting of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers for potatoes, peas, beans, kale and maize

1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Widdowson ◽  
G. W. Cooke
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Clear Relationship ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Potato Fertilizer ◽  
Broad Beans ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Green Peas ◽  
The Way

1. In eight experiments on main-crop potatoes in 1953–4 placing 0·5 cwt. N/acre in a band beside the seed tended to give higher yields than broadcasting the dressing; when 1·0 cwt. N/acre was applied, broadcasting tended to be superior to placement. There were no consistent gains from placing 1·5 cwt. K2O/acre.2. Four other potato experiments in 1954–6 tested all combinations of placing and broadcasting two levels of nitrogen and potassium. There was no clear relationship between the effects of broadcasting or placing one nutrient and the way in which the other nutrient was applied. When 0·5 cwt. N was applied, placing gave higher yields in seven out of ten possible comparisons (one effect was significant). With 1·0 cwt. N/acre there were also seven of ten comparisons in favour of placement (three significant effects), but in two other comparisons broadcasting gave significantly higher yields. Placing potassium gave higher yields than broadcasting in sixteen out of twenty comparisons (six significant effects), in one of the remaining comparisons broadcasting potassium was significantly superior. Placing of the potassium and, to a lesser extent, the nitrogen components of a complete potato fertilizer is likely to be beneficial.3. In two experiments each on green peas and broad beans placing of phosphorus and potassium separately and together gave consistently higher yields than broadcasting these nutrients. When nitrogen was used in addition to phosphorus and potassium there were small gains in yield of broad beans provided the mixture was placed. There were no gains in yields of green peas from nitrogen however the mixture was applied.

scholarly journals The relation of the concentration of macronutrients in the substrate and in the foliage to cell wall thickness and cellulose concentration in the xylem of slash pine (Pinus elliotti)

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (0) ◽  
pp. 295-333
Author(s):  
E. Malavolta ◽  
J.R. Sarruge ◽  
H.P. Haag ◽  
R. Vencovsky ◽  
C.F.O. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Cellulose Concentration

Sand culture experiments, using a sub-irrigation technique, were installed in order to find out the effects of the macronutrients N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S on growth, aspect, mineral composition, length of fibers, thickness of cell wall and cellulose concentration in slash pine. The aim was to obtain, under controlled conditions, basic information which could eventually lead to practical means designed to increase the rate of growth and to make of slash pine a richer source of cellulose. Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium Experiment A 3 x 3 x 3 factorial design with two replicates was used. Nitrogen was supplied initially at the levels of 25, 50 and 100 ppm; phosphorus was given at the rates of 5, 10 and 20 ppm; potassium was supplied at the rates of 25, 50 and 100 ppm; six months after the experiment was started the first level for each element was dropped to zero. Others macro and all micronutrients were supplied at uniform rates. Fifteen hours of illumination per day were provided. The experimental technique for growing the slash pine seedlings proved quite satisfactory. Symptoms of deficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were observed, described and recorded in photographs and water colors. These informations will help to identify abnormalities which may appear under field conditions. Chemical analysis of the several plant parts, on the other hand, give a valuable means to assess the nutritional status of slash pine, thus confirming when needed, the visual diagnosis. The correctness of manurial pratices, on the other hand, can be judged with the help of the analytical data tabulated. Under the experimental conditions nitrogen caused the highest increases on growth, as measured by increments in height and dry weights, whereas the effects of phosphorus and potassium were less marked. Cellulose concentration was not significantly affected by the treatments used. Higher levels of N seemed to decrease both length of fiber elements and the thickness of cell wall. The effects of P and K were not well defined. Calcium, Magnesium, Sulfur Experiment A 3 x 3 x 3 factorial design with two replicates was used. Calcium was supplied initially at the levels of 12.5, 25 and 50 ppm; magnesium and sulfur were given at the rates of 6, 12.5 and 25 ppm. Other macro and micronutrients were supplied at uniform rates, common to all treatments. Three months after starting the experiment the first level for each element was dropped to zero. Symptoms of deficiency of calcium, magnesium and sulfur were observed, described and recorded as in the case of the previous experiment. Chemical analysis were made, both for mineral content and cellulose concentration. Length of fibers and thickness of cell wall were measured. Both calcium and magnesium increase height, sulfur failing to give significant response. Dry weight was beneficially affected by calcium and sulfur. The levels of calcium, magnesium and sulfur in the needles associated with deficiency and maximum growth are comparable with those found in the literature. Cellulose concentration increased when the level of sulfur in the substrate was raised. The thickness of cell wall was negatively affected by the treatments; no effect was observed with regards to length of fibers.

EFFECTS OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS, POTASSIUM, AND LIME ON YIELD AND MATURITY OF GREEN PEAS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. CUTCLIFFE ◽  
D.C. MUNRO
Keyword(s):  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Lime Treatment ◽  
Dark Skin ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Green Peas

The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on the yields of Dark Skin Perfection peas were investigated at nine locations during three successive cropping seasons. All three nutrients were applied broadcast at rates of 0, 30, 60, and 90 kg/ha in randomized block experiments with four replicates. A lime treatment was also included consisting of an application of dolomitic limestone in the furrow with the seed at the rate of 400 kg/ha. Yields of shelled peas, adjusted to tenderometer 100, varied from approximately 4 to 7 tonnes/ha and were not substantially affected by the fertilizer or lime treatments. Germination was in the range of 85–95% and was not affected by the treatments. Vine length tended to increase as the rate of all three nutrients was increased, but the pea/vine ratio (by weight) was not affected. Maturity was slightly delayed by increasing rates of added nitrogen and slightly advanced by increasing rates of added phosphorus.

Effects on Coffee of Two Levels of Fertilizer and Frequency of Their Application

1969 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Elvin G. Boneta García ◽  
Ramón Bosque Lugo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Partial Shade ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Similar Good ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Experimental work was conducted at the Adjuntas Substation to determine the effect of frequency of application of two fertilizer levels on coffee grown both in full sunlight (unshaded) and under partial shade, the latter provided by trees of Inga vera Wild., planted 24 feet apart. The partial shade was estimated at 40 percent. The two formulations, 100-75-200 and 200-75-400 pounds per acre of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively, were applied in one, two, four, and six applications per acre per year, and later evaluated. The combined statistical analysis of five experimental crops of coffee grown in full sunlight revealed that higher yields were obtained from the 200-75-400-pound formulation when applied in one, two, and six applications per acre per year than from the 100-75-200-pound formulation when applied in one or six applications. Higher yields were obtained from the 100-75-200-pound formulation when applied in two applications instead of one. No significant differences were found among the other treatments tested. The combined statistical analysis of five experimental crops of coffee grown under partial shade showed that higher yields were obtained from the 200-75-400-pound formulation when applied in four applications per acre per year than when the 100-75-200 formulation was applied in one application only. Hiere were no significant differences among the other treatments tested. The results make it advisable to use the 200-75-400-pound formulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively, per acre per year, applied in two applications, when the coffee is grown in full sunlight under conditions typical of the Coffee Region. The 100-75-200-pound formulation applied to shaded coffee in two applications per acre per year apparently gives similar good results.

INFLUENCE DU DALAPON ET DES ELEMENTS N, P, K SUR LA GERMINATION ET LE DEBUT DE LA CROISSANCE DE TROIS LEGUMINEUSES FOURRAGERES (LOTUS CORNICULATUS, MEDICAGO SATIVA ET TRIFOLIUM REPENS)

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-672
Author(s):  
JEAN GENEST ◽  
J. L. DIONNE
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Blotting Paper ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Potassium Application ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Germination tests were conducted with alfalfa, ladino clover and birdsfoot trefoil in order to determine the effects of dalapon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on the germination of the three legumes. Seeds were germinated on wet blotting paper. The herbicide, N, P and K were used at the following rates: dalapon, 0 and 5 kg/ha active ingredient; N, 0. 20, 40 kg/ha; P, 0, 17.5, 35 kg/ha; K, 0, 16.5 and 33 kg/ha. In a second experiment, the herbicide and chemical fertilizers, used at the same rates as in the first experiment, were mixed with seeds and seeded on a Coaticook silt loam under greenhouse conditions in order to measure their effects on the establishment and growth of the legumes. In the Petri dishes, phosphorus had the greatest effect. Phosphorus reduced germination by 97%, nitrogen by 71%, potassium by 65% and dalapon by 26%. Germination of alfalfa was less affected by the treatments than the germination of the other two legumes. Under greenhouse conditions, where legumes were grown in soils, the effects of treatments were less deleterious than on wet blotting paper. Number of alfalfa and ladino clover plants per pot was reduced and the yields were decreased by 37 and 54%, respectively, for the two legumes. Dry matter yields of alfalfa were increased by phosphorus mixed with nitrogen. Potassium decreased the number of legume plants per pot. Number of nodules on the legume roots was also reduced by potassium application.

scholarly journals Accumulation of dry mass and macronutrients by the Caeté tomato cultivar under field conditions

DYNA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (207) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Talita Barbosa Abreu Diógenes ◽  
Fábio Henrique Tavares De Oliveira ◽  
Fabio Martins De Queiroga ◽  
Anderson Cley Costa Moura ◽  
Simplicio Lyra De Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Tomato Cultivar ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Cultivation Techniques ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Mass Accumulation

New cultivation techniques associated to the use of genetic materials of highly productive potential have provided the need for studies related to the accumulation of dry mass and nutrients by tomato plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of dry mass and macronutrients by the ‘Caeté’ tomato at Chapada do Apodi-CE. The accumulation of dry mass and nutrients was quantified by sampling the plants at 14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84 and 99 days after transplantation (DAT). The total accumulation of macronutrients in the plant followed the dry mass accumulation, with higher demands in the fruiting phase. The accumulation of macronutrients at 99 DAT followed by the following decreasing order: K> N> Ca> S> Mg> P. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were accumulated in larger quantities in the fruits, while the other macronutrients in the vegetative part.

Development and regional planning within the decentralized administrative frame: case study (the Jordanian Experiment)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Mansour Safran
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The Way

This aims to review and analyze the Jordanian experiment in the developmental regional planning field within the decentralized managerial methods, which is considered one of the primary basic provisions for applying and success of this kind of planning. The study shoed that Jordan has passed important steps in the way for implanting the decentralized administration, but these steps are still not enough to established the effective and active regional planning. The study reveled that there are many problems facing the decentralized regional planning in Jordan, despite of the clear goals that this planning is trying to achieve. These problems have resulted from the existing relationship between the decentralized administration process’ dimensions from one side, and between its levels which ranged from weak to medium decentralization from the other side, In spite of the official trends aiming at applying more of the decentralized administrative policies, still high portion of these procedures are theoretical, did not yet find a way to reality. Because any progress or success at the level of applying the decentralized administrative policies doubtless means greater effectiveness and influence on the development regional planning in life of the residents in the kingdom’s different regions. So, it is important to go a head in applying more steps and decentralized administrative procedures, gradually and continuously to guarantee the control over any negative effects that might result from Appling this kind of systems.   © 2018 JASET, International Scholars and Researchers Association

Speech Acts by the Governor Candidates of North Sumatera in Political Debates

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Dwi Amalia Zati ◽  
Sumarsih Sumarsih ◽  
Lince Sihombing
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Direct Speech ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The Way ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

The objectives of the research were to describe the types of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera, to derive the dominant type of speech acts used in televised political debates of governor candidates of North Sumatera and to elaborate the way of five governor candidates of North Sumatera use speech acts in televised political debates. This research was conducted by applying descriptive qualitative research. The findings show that there were only four types of speech acts used in televised political debates, Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara, they were assertives, directives, commissives and expressives. The dominant type of speech acts used in both televised political debates was assertives, with 82 utterances or 51.6% in Debat Pemilukada Sumatera Utara and 36 utterances or 41.37% in Uji Publik Cagub dan Cawagub Sumatera Utara. The way of governor candidates of North Sumatera used speech acts in televised political debates is in direct speech acts, they spoke straight to the point and clearly in order to make the other candidates and audiences understand their utterances.   Keywords: Governor Candidate; Political Debate; Speech Acts

Ibn-Ul-Arabi's Cultural Environment that Influenced Him

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Assist. Prof. Dr. Kazım Yıldırım
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Ibn Rushd ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

The cultural environment of Ibn al-Arabi is in Andalusia, Spain today. There, on the one hand, Sufism, on the other hand, thinks like Ibn Bacce (Death.1138), Ibn Tufeyl (Death186), Ibn Rushd (Death.1198) and the knowledge and philosophy inherited by scholars, . Ibn al-Arabi (1165-1240), that was the effect of all this; But more mystic (mystic) circles came out of the way. This work, written by Ibn al-Arabi's works (especially Futuhati Mekkiye), also contains a very small number of other relevant sources.

Effects of Water-Nitrogen Interaction on Absorption, Translocation and Distribution of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in Rice

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Jian SUN ◽  
Yuan-Yuan SUN ◽  
Xu-Yi LI ◽  
Rong-Ping ZHANG ◽  
Xiang GUO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus
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