Compensatory growth and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) following pod removal at different stages of reproductive growth

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
Subsequent Flowering

SUMMARYAll the pods on pigeon-pea plants were removed after 1, 2 or 3 weeks of flowering in a pot experiment and in one field trial, in order to evaluate the compensatory ability of the crop under humid tropical conditions.Pod removal after 1 or 2 weeks of flowering led to an immediate significantly higher vegetative development and dry-matter accumulation compared with the control. Subsequent flowering led to greater pod production and pod yield than the control with seed yield increased by 21 and 50%, respectively, in the pot experiment while pod removal after 1 week of flowering increased seed yield by 15% in the field. The removal of pods after 3 weeks of flowering was detrimental to subsequent pod development and seed yield which was decreased by 56 and 34% in the pot and field experiments, respectively.It would seem that the loss of pods produced soon after flowering starts, before active pod filling begins, can be tolerated by pigeon peas, whereas the loss of fully elongated and actively filling pods would significantly reduce seed yield in the crop.

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics:3. Effect of early loss of apical dominance

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Apical Dominance ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Early Loss ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Growth Development

SUMMARYIn a pot experiment and two field trials, the apical portionof the main stem of a dwarf variety of pigeon pea (ev. Cita-1) was removed at 3 or 7 weeks after sowing in order to evaluate the effect of apical bud removal, during the vegetative stage of growth, on the subsequent growth, development and yield of the crop.The early loss of apical dominance led, in all cases, to increased vegetative development, reduced plant height (except in one of the field trials), higher dry-matter accumulation and more pods per plant, with the treatment effect on number of pods being related to the number of branches developed. The yield of seeds was significantly increased by the early loss of apical dominance in the pot experiment and second field trial.The results therefore show that an early loss of apical dominance, as could happen with insect and pest attack, may not be damaging to the vegetative growth and seed yield of pigeon pea under the prevailing lowland humid tropical conditions.

Assessment of the effect of ratooning pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Total Seed ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Ibadan ◽  
Better Than

SummaryPigeon pea (variety Cita-1) was sown on ridges at two plantings in the early and late seasons of 1983 at the University of Ibadan, Two to three weeks after the plants reached maturity and the pods had been harvested by hand-picking, the plants were either ratooned by cutting off the tops at a height of 30 and 60 cm or left intact.At the end of the first and second regrowths, the plants ratooned at 30 and 60 cm had performed better than those left intact in terms of growth and yield characters as well as seed yield. However, the plants ratooned at 30 cm performed best followed by those ratooned at 60 cm. The total seed yield from the planting was 3–6 times higher than if the crop had been harvested once.It would seem that ratooning at 30 cm would give the highest returns from a single planting under the prevailing lowland tropical conditions.

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics:2. Effect of reduced assimilatory capacity

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Filling Stage ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Seed Yields

SUMMARYIn two field trials in 1980, 33, 67 or 100% of the leaves on pigeon pea (cv. Cita-1) plants were removed either at the vegetative stage, the onset of flowering, or at the rapid pod-filling stage, in order to evaluate the effect of reduced assimilatory capacity on the growth and yield characteristics of the crop.Reduction in the assimilatory capacity of the plant led to significant reduction in the vegetative growth, dry-matter accumulation and seed yield of the defoliated plants compared with the undefoliated control such that 33, 67 or 100% defoliation led to 15–55, 40–60 and 75–80% reduction in seed yield respectively, at both trials. Also, defoliation was more damaging to crop performance if carried out from the onset of flowering than at the vegetative stage. Thus, the seed yields of plants defoliated at the onset of flowering and the rapid pod-filling stage were 30–80 and 40–45 % lower than the yield from plants defoliated at the vegetative stage in both trials.

Studies on the effects of foliar spray of nutrients on the performance of cow peas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Late Season

SUMMARYIn three field trials, three varieties of cow pea (Prima, Ife Brown and Vita-5) grown as mono-crops or interplanted with maize (in one trial) were sprayed with a combination of PKS or NPKS in solutions containing 100, 100, 100 and 41 mg/1 of N, P, K and S respectively at the onset of flowering or 2 weeks later, in order to evaluate the effect of foliar spray of mineral nutrients on the performance of the crop.Early season sprayings of NPKS and PKS increased vegetative development and dry-matter accumulation in both mono- and mixed-croppings of Prima and Vita-5, but had little effect on Ife Brown. Seed yield was increased by 80–225 kg/ha in Prima and 160–218 kg/ha in Vita-5. In all cases of enhanced growth and yield, spraying at flowering was more beneficial than spraying 2 weeks later whilst NPKS evoked greater responses than PKS.In two late-season trials, all treatment combinations enhanced vegetative development and dry-matter accumulation in Ife Brown and Vita-5. Seed yield of Ife Brown was increased by 206 kg/ha in the first late season and by 550 kg/ha in the second late season whilst that of Vita-5 was increased by 226 kg/ha in the first late season, during which it was planted. In the first late season of Ife Brown, late spraying was more beneficial than early spraying, whilst plants sprayed with PKS out-yielded those sprayed with NPKS. On the other hand, in the second late season, Ife Brown responded more to early spraying than late spraying and NPKS was more beneficial than PKS: Vita-5 grown in the first late season responded similarly.In all cases of enhanced seed yield during the seasons, the pathway of response was through increased pod production and/or retention on the plants. The results therefore suggest that foliar spray of nutrients during the post-flowering period enhance seed yield in cow pea by ensuring prompt delivery of mineral nutrients to the site of photosynthesis at a time when nutrient depletion in the leaves and reduced efficiency of mineral nutrient uptake by the roots limit the supply of photosynthates to developing reproductive organs.

scholarly journals Standardizing the Hydrogel Application Rates and Foliar Nutrition for Enhancing Yield of Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashidhar K. Shankarappa ◽  
Samuel J. Muniyandi ◽  
Ajay B. Chandrashekar ◽  
Amit K. Singh ◽  
Premaradhya Nagabhushanaradhya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Foliar Nutrition ◽  
Pod Development

Lentil (Lens culinaris) is an important winter season annual legume crop known for its highly valued seed in human and animal nutrition owing to its high lysine and tryptophan content. Shortage of water during the crop growth period has become the major impediment for cultivation of pulses in rice fallow in particular. Under such conditions, the application of hydrogel can be a potential alternative to improve photosynthetic efficiency, assimilate partitioning, and increase growth and yield. A field experiment was conducted from November to February during 2015–16 to 2017–18 on clay loam soil that was medium in fertility and acidic in reaction (pH 5.4) at Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. There were three hydrogel levels in total in the main plot and foliar nutrition with five different nutrient sprays in sub-plots, together comprising 15 treatment combinations. The data pooled over three years, 2015–2018, revealed that application of hydrogel at 5 kg/ha before sowing recorded a significantly greater number of pods per plant (38.0) and seed yield (1032.1 kg/ha) over the control. Foliar application of nutrients over flower initiation and pod development had a positive effect on increasing the number of pods per plant eventually enhanced the seed yield of lentil. Foliar application of either 0.5% NPK or salicylic acid 75 ppm spray at flower initiation and pod development stages recorded significantly more pods per plant over other nutrient treatments. Further, the yield attributed improved because of elevated growth in plant. Significantly maximum seed yield (956 kg/ha) recorded in the NPK spray of 0.5% remained on par with salicylic acid 75 ppm (939 kg/ha) over the rest of the treatments.

Growth and yield of determinate and indeterminate cowpeas in dryland agriculture

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Chaturvedi ◽  
P. K. Aggarwal ◽  
S. K. Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Pod Development ◽  
The Tropics

SummaryCowpea is an important food legume crop of arid and semi-arid regions of the tropics. In such climates whether a determinate or indeterminate type of growth habit would be more useful is not clear. In the present study a determinate and indeterminate cultivar of cowpea were grown at two population densities under rainfed conditions for 2 years. Grain yield was higher in the indeterminate variety for both years. At higher density more dry matter was produced but it had no effect on grain yield. Nitrogen analysis showed that it moved from leaves to developing pods. However, a large amount of nitrogen was still left in vegetative parts in contrast to cereals. Pod development was completed in 19 days and the rate of dry-matter accumulation during the peak period of growth was as high as 120 mg/day per fruit. It was difficult for the plant to cope with this high demand for photosynthates. It is suggested that more pods can develop on a plant provided the growth rate of individual pods is slower and extended to a longer period.

Effect of foliar spray of water soluble fertilizer at pre flowering stage on yield of pulses

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Das ◽  
K. Jana
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Soluble Fertilizer

Field experiments were conducted at Pulses and Oilseeds Research Station, Berhampore, Murshidabad, West Bengal during <italic>pre kharif, kharif and rabi</italic> seasons of 2011-12, 2012-13 and 2013-14 to study the effect of water soluble fertilizer spray on growth and yield of greengram, blackgram, lathyrus, lentil and chickpea. Pulses are mostly grown by the farmers without any fertilizer application, as positive effect of supplying legume plants with supplementary nitrogen was found to have beneficial effect on enhancing growth and increasing seed yield. Five sets of experiments were laid out in a split plot design with three replications <italic>viz.</italic> two levels of basal fertilizer application (F<sub>0</sub> -No basal dose of fertilizer, F<sub>1</sub> -Basal dose of fertilizer application @ 20, 40, 40 kg N, P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>O ha<sup>−1</sup>.) as factor A in main plot and seven levels of foliar spray of water soluble fertilizers at pre flowering stage (no spray, 0.5% NPK(19-19-19), 1% NPK(19-19-19), 2% NPK(19-19-19), 3% NPK(19-19-19), 2% DAP, 2% Urea) as factor B in sub plot. Significantly higher seed yield of pulses were recorded with application of 2% urea spray over basal dose of fertilizer application The lowest seed yield was recorded with no basal fertilizer and spray. Without basal dose of fertilizer application, 3% NPK (19-19-19) spray recorded highest seed yield. Under basal dose of fertilizer application, the results showed a gradual increase in yield with the increase in concentration of NPK (19-19-19) fertilizer spray up to 2%, Among the fertilizer spray treatments irrespective of basal dose of fertilizer application, urea spray was significantly better than all other treatments.

Growth, development and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) in the lowland tropics: 4. Effect of sowing depth

1983 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. O. Tayo
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Establishment ◽  
Sowing Depth ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYThe seeds of a dwarf variety of pigeon pea (cv. Cita-1) were sown at 2, 4, 6 or 8 cm depths in three field trials in 1981 and 1982, in order to evaluate the effect of sowing depth on seedling emergence and the subsequent growth, development and yield of the crop.In all trials, sowing pigeon-pea seeds deeper than 4 cm led to 1–2 days delay in seedling emergence, resulted in only 40–68% seedling emergence, reduced the development of the various growth and yield characters of the plant and significantly reduced seed yield. In two trials, plants from 4 cm sowing performed better than those from 2cm sowing in terms of development of growth and yield characters indicating that shallow sowing of pigeon pea prevents rapid and proper plant establishment.The results therefore indicate that the optimum sowing depth for pigeon pea is 4 cm under the prevailing lowland humid tropical conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Agronomic Biofortification of Sulphur and Boron on the Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica campestris L.) Crop

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
M. A. Awal ◽  
M. H. O. Rashid ◽  
M. M. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Combine Application ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Mustard Crop ◽  
Agronomic Biofortification

Background and Objective: Sulphur and boron are found as most critical nutrient elements for the better growth and yield of mustard crop however no such concrete information for their uses in field production of this crop is yet to be reported. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of agronomic biofortification of sulphur and boron nutrients on the growth and yield of mustard crop. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replicates. Place of Study: The experiment was carried out in the Crop Botany Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Methodology: Three doses of sulphur (S) viz. 0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 and three doses of boron (B) viz. 0, 0.5 and 1.0 kg ha-1 and their possible combinations were used as basal doses. Field data were collected from periodic destructive samplings on the plant height, number of leaves and branches per plant, total dry matter accumulation and finally yield components and yield. Results: Sulphur and boron fertilizations significantly influence the plant height, production of branches and leaves per plant, dry matter accumulation and yield attributes and yield of mustard crop. The mustard crop fertilized with 40 kg S ha-1 in combination with 1 B kg ha-1 produced taller plant, higher number of branches and leaves in each plant and higher amount of dry matter per plant while these plant traits were found as minimum when the growing the mustard crops in control plots i.e. the plants received neither sulphur nor boron. Application of sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1 along with boron @ 1 kg ha-1 produced the highest seed yield (2.73 t ha-1) whereas the lowest seed yield (1.08 t ha-1) was found where no sulphur and boron were applied. Conclusion: The result conclude that combine application of sulphur and boron @ 40 and 1 kg per hectare, respectively was found to be most effective dose in enhancing growth and yield of mustard crop.

Effect of Apical Debudding on Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus)

1986 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. O. Olasantan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Insect Attack

SUMMARYField trials on okra over three seasons showed that the removal of the apical bud on the main stem at 3 or 4 weeks did not affect marketable fruit yield but that yield was reduced by about 39% when debudding was done at 5, 6 or 7 weeks. Apical debudding led to increased vegetative development, enhanced dry matter accumulation and reduced plant height. Removing the apical bud at weeks 3, 4 or 5 delayed the first harvest by 8, 15 or 18 days, respectively, compared to the undebudded control plants. It appears that okra can tolerate considerable apical damage during the vegetative stage, as can happen with insect attack, without serious loss of yield.

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