Effect of urea and neem cake coated urea on yield, and concentration and quality of essential oil in Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt)

Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) is an important perennial aromatic grass cultivated in different parts of India. The steam-volatile essential oil from the citronella herb is widely used in perfumery, in manufacture of deodorants and mosquito repellent creams and in flavouring beverages. Systematic cultivation of this crop is being taken up and application of large quantities of N fertilizers was found to increase yield (Narayana et al. 1975; Bommegowda, 1978; Singh, Pathak & Bodoloi, 1980; Prakasa Rao et al. 1983). However, the efficiency of N utilization by this crop was found to be quite poor (Prakasa Rao et al. 1983). No systematic data are available in India on the effect of harvest season and N fertilizers on the principal constituents of citronella oil. Therefore the present experiment was made with two objectives: (i) to determine the effect of harvest season and N fertilizers on the essential oil concentration and the principal constituents of the oil which determine the oil quality, and (ii) to determine the effect of neem cake, an indigenous cheap material which is reported to have nitrification inhibitory properties, on the herb and essential oil yields of citronella.

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Influence of amounts and methods of potassium application on yield and quality of citronella Java (Cymbopogon winterianus)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600075195 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 115 (2) ◽

pp. 247-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Singh ◽

A. Chowdhury ◽

K. Subrahmanyam ◽

B. N. Chatterjee ◽

D. V. Singh

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Perennial Grass ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Cymbopogon Winterianus ◽

Potassium Application

SUMMARYField experiments were conducted during 1983–85 and 1984–86 on an entisol at Lucknow, India. Dry herbage, essential-oil yields and nutrient uptake increased significantly with the application of 83 kg K/ha. Considering the means from both experiments over a two-year cropping cycle, the application of 41·5 kg K/ha in four splits exceeded the zero K control by 6·8 t/ha (dry matter) and 233 kg/ha (oil), and exceeded a basal application of 83 kg/ha K by 2·8 t/ha (dry matter) and 109 kg/ha (oil). Amounts and methods of K application showed no effect on oil quality. Application of 41·5 kg K/ha in four splits, one after each harvest, is recommended to obtain maximum yields in this perennial grass.

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Essential oil from Cymbopogon nardus and repellant activity against Aedes aegypti

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210857 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Ni Luh Arpiwi ◽

I Ketut MUksin ◽

Ni Luh Kartini

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Specific Weight ◽

Test Method ◽

Repellent Activity ◽

National Standard ◽

Citronella Oil ◽

Cymbopogon Nardus

Abstract. Arpiwi NL, Muksin IK, Kartini NL. 2020. Essential oil from Cymbopogon nardus and repellant activity against Aedes aegypti. Biodiversitas 21: 3873-3878. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle is an aromatic grass from the Poaceae family that produces essential oil mainly in the leaves. The essential oil from C. nardus is known as citronella oil has repellent activity. This research aimed to quantify the oil content of C. nardus leaves, to analyze the essential oil quality, to analyze the repellent activity of lotion with different concentrations of citronella oil against Aedes aegypti, and to examine the quality of formulated lotions. The oil was extracted from leaves using steam distillation, and the quality was examined according to the Indonesian National Standard. The citronella oil was formulated into a lotion with five concentrations (0, 2, 3, 4, 5% w/w). Repellent activity of the lotions against Ae. aegypti was tested using screened cage test method under laboratory conditions. Lotion quality was analyzed for pH, viscosity, homogeneity, and sensorial assessments. The result showed that the oil yield of C. nardus leaves was 0.9% w/w. The color of the oil was pale yellow, specific weight was 0.8819, the refraction index was 1.464, total geraniol was 72.71%, citronellal content was 49.14%, and solubility in 80% alcohol 1:2 was clear. The repellent activity of lotions with citronella oil was concentration-dependent, where a concentration of 5% gave the highest protection. The quality of formulated lotions met the standard and the lotions were nonirritant.

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Study on the Improvement of Essential Oil Quality and Its Repellent Activity of Betel Leaves Oil (Piper betle l.) from Indonesia

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/340631 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 2913-2926 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dante Alighiri ◽

Edy Cahyono ◽

Willy Tirza Eden ◽

Ersanghono Kusuma ◽

Kasmadi Imam Supardi

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Sodium Carbonate ◽

Iron Content ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Acid Value ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Main Component

The study to improve the quality of Indonesia betel leaves oil is done by treatment of citric acid and sodium carbonate. The treatment showed that the iron content and acid value were reduced optimally in the addition of 5% (w/w) citric acid (12 hours, 50oC) and 5% (w/w) sodium carbonate (9 hours, 50oC) yielded 0.45 mg/L of iron content and 1.00 mg/g of acid value, respectively. The main component of Indonesia betel leaves oil are 4-allyl phenylacetate. The descriptive sensory analysis showed that there were differences between betel leaves oil from Bogor compared with Boyolali and Makassar. There is a significant difference that the content of betel leaves oil from Bogor contains an isoeugenol compound of 20.71% while, Boyolali and Makassar contain eugenol of 17.02 and 19.21%, respectively. The study of the insect repellency indicated that Indonesia betel leaves oil potentially used as mosquito of Aedes aegypti repellent.

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