Essential oil from Cymbopogon nardus and repellant activity against Aedes aegypti

Abstract. Arpiwi NL, Muksin IK, Kartini NL. 2020. Essential oil from Cymbopogon nardus and repellant activity against Aedes aegypti. Biodiversitas 21: 3873-3878. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle is an aromatic grass from the Poaceae family that produces essential oil mainly in the leaves. The essential oil from C. nardus is known as citronella oil has repellent activity. This research aimed to quantify the oil content of C. nardus leaves, to analyze the essential oil quality, to analyze the repellent activity of lotion with different concentrations of citronella oil against Aedes aegypti, and to examine the quality of formulated lotions. The oil was extracted from leaves using steam distillation, and the quality was examined according to the Indonesian National Standard. The citronella oil was formulated into a lotion with five concentrations (0, 2, 3, 4, 5% w/w). Repellent activity of the lotions against Ae. aegypti was tested using screened cage test method under laboratory conditions. Lotion quality was analyzed for pH, viscosity, homogeneity, and sensorial assessments. The result showed that the oil yield of C. nardus leaves was 0.9% w/w. The color of the oil was pale yellow, specific weight was 0.8819, the refraction index was 1.464, total geraniol was 72.71%, citronellal content was 49.14%, and solubility in 80% alcohol 1:2 was clear. The repellent activity of lotions with citronella oil was concentration-dependent, where a concentration of 5% gave the highest protection. The quality of formulated lotions met the standard and the lotions were nonirritant.

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Kajian Minyak Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.) terhadap Aedes aegypti

Jurnal Kesehatan ◽

10.26630/jk.v12i2.2660 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 299

Author(s):

Yustin Nur Khoiriyah ◽

Nurminha Nurminha

Keyword(s):

Immune System ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Citronella Oil ◽

Cymbopogon Nardus ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Mortality Percentage ◽

Herbal Plant ◽

Citronella Grass

The Aedes aegypti mosquito can develop an immune system against the insecticide used. Control efforts with the use of insecticides are no longer effective if the target insects have become resistant. So there needs to be an effort to overcome the insect resistance that is targeted. Citronella grass is an herbal plant that can be used as an ingredient in vegetable pesticides. The leaves and stems are distilled to produce essential oil known as citronella oil. This research is about studying the effects of citronella oil against the resistance of the vector carrier for dengue fever, namely Aedes aegypti. The detection of citronella essential oil (Cymbopogon nardus L.) by Thin Layer Chromatography showed a reduction in UV254 visualization (Rf 0,68). The resistance test showed that the mortality percentage of adult mosquitoes Aedes aegypti exposed to 0.03% alphacymethrin was 73,7% resistant criteria (<90%). The mortality percentage of adult mosquitoes Aedes aegypti exposed to Alphacypermethrin (0,03%) and citronella oil was 2,5% each; 5%; 7,5% and 10% with treatment time 15 respectively, namely 18,7%, 50,7%, 70,7% and 82,7%; the treatment time of 30 minutes consecutively is 62,7%, 89,3%, 96% and 97,3% and the treatment time is 60 minutes respectively, namely 93,3%, 98,7%, 98,7% and 100%. There was an increase in the percentage of mosquito deaths exposed to the combination of alphacypermethrin and citronella oil, compared to those without citronella oil, this indicates that mosquitoes are more susceptible and resistance has decreased due to exposure to citronella oil.

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Effect of urea and neem cake coated urea on yield, and concentration and quality of essential oil in Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600044191 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 477-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

E. V. S. Prakasa Rao ◽

M. Singh ◽

R. S. Ganesha Rao ◽

S. Ramesh

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Neem Cake ◽

N Fertilizers ◽

Citronella Oil ◽

N Utilization ◽

Cymbopogon Winterianus ◽

Oil Concentration ◽

Coated Urea

Java citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) is an important perennial aromatic grass cultivated in different parts of India. The steam-volatile essential oil from the citronella herb is widely used in perfumery, in manufacture of deodorants and mosquito repellent creams and in flavouring beverages. Systematic cultivation of this crop is being taken up and application of large quantities of N fertilizers was found to increase yield (Narayana et al. 1975; Bommegowda, 1978; Singh, Pathak & Bodoloi, 1980; Prakasa Rao et al. 1983). However, the efficiency of N utilization by this crop was found to be quite poor (Prakasa Rao et al. 1983). No systematic data are available in India on the effect of harvest season and N fertilizers on the principal constituents of citronella oil. Therefore the present experiment was made with two objectives: (i) to determine the effect of harvest season and N fertilizers on the essential oil concentration and the principal constituents of the oil which determine the oil quality, and (ii) to determine the effect of neem cake, an indigenous cheap material which is reported to have nitrification inhibitory properties, on the herb and essential oil yields of citronella.

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PERBANDINGAN KANDUNGAN MINYAK ATSIRI TANAMAN SEREH WANGI (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle) YANG DITANAM DI LOKASI BERBEDA

SIMBIOSIS Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.24843/jsimbiosis.2017.v05.i01.p06 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Margareta Dacosta ◽

Sang Ketut Sudirga ◽

I Ketut Muksin

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Oil Content ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Hexadecanoic Acid ◽

Citronella Oil ◽

Cymbopogon Nardus ◽

Better Than

It has been conducted a research that aims to determine the ratio of essential oil content of citronella stalks (Cymbopogon nardus Rendle L.) grown in the lowlands of Denpasar and the highlands of Bedugul. The experiment was conducted by using experimental designs. The parameters measured were the volume and the level of citronella oil produced. The sample preparation of powdered citronella stalks was as much as 200 grams, macerated with 96% ethanol and evaporated with Vacuum rotary evaporator to form condensed extract. The research used quantitative methods. The volume of hydro distillation was to obtain a crude extract of citronella stalks and the identification of active compounds was conducted by using Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). It can be concluded that the levels of citronella essential oil stalks from the highland of Bedugul was higher than the lowland areas of Denpasar, while the quality of essential oil of the lowland of Denpasar was better than that of the Bedugul highland. The content of secondary metabolites of the results of GC-MS analysis obtained from the essential oils contained in the analyzed crude extract of citronella stalks namely the compound of Selina-6-en-4-ol (2287322), the compound of n-hexadecanoic acid (1238019) and the compound of Driman-8,11-diol from the lowland of Denpasar while the Selina compound-6-en-4-ol (1856137) from the highland of Bedugul. Keywords: Citronella, essential oil content, altitude

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Study on the Improvement of Essential Oil Quality and Its Repellent Activity of Betel Leaves Oil (Piper betle l.) from Indonesia

Oriental Journal Of Chemistry ◽

10.13005/ojc/340631 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 2913-2926 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dante Alighiri ◽

Edy Cahyono ◽

Willy Tirza Eden ◽

Ersanghono Kusuma ◽

Kasmadi Imam Supardi

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Sodium Carbonate ◽

Iron Content ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Acid Value ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Main Component

The study to improve the quality of Indonesia betel leaves oil is done by treatment of citric acid and sodium carbonate. The treatment showed that the iron content and acid value were reduced optimally in the addition of 5% (w/w) citric acid (12 hours, 50oC) and 5% (w/w) sodium carbonate (9 hours, 50oC) yielded 0.45 mg/L of iron content and 1.00 mg/g of acid value, respectively. The main component of Indonesia betel leaves oil are 4-allyl phenylacetate. The descriptive sensory analysis showed that there were differences between betel leaves oil from Bogor compared with Boyolali and Makassar. There is a significant difference that the content of betel leaves oil from Bogor contains an isoeugenol compound of 20.71% while, Boyolali and Makassar contain eugenol of 17.02 and 19.21%, respectively. The study of the insect repellency indicated that Indonesia betel leaves oil potentially used as mosquito of Aedes aegypti repellent.

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THE ESSENTIAL OIL QUALITY OF CHAMOMILE, MATRICARIA RECUTITA L., AFTER ITS LARGE-SCALE DISTILLATION

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2007.749.34 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 269-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

D. Bucko ◽

I. Salamon

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Large Scale ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Matricaria Recutita

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Effect of pH on growth, mineral content and essential oil quality of buchu (Agathosma betulina) grown under controlled conditions

South African Journal of Plant and Soil ◽

10.1080/02571862.2013.811299 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 107-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Babalwa Ntwana ◽

G André Agenbag ◽

Petrus Langenhoven

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Oil Quality ◽

Effect Of Ph ◽

Controlled Conditions

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The Repellent Activity Test of Rosemary Leaf (Rosmarinus officinalis l) Essential Oil Gel Preparations Influence on Aedes aegypti Mosquito

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1788/1/012016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1788 (1) ◽

pp. 012016

Author(s):

Maharani Ayu Manik Pratiwi ◽

Purwati

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽

Repellent Activity ◽

Activity Test ◽

Rosmarinus Officinalis L

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PENGARUH KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK AIR SEREH WANGI (Cymbopogon nardus L.) TERHADAP KUALITAS TAHU

AGRITEKNO Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian ◽

10.30598/jagritekno.2016.5.1.13 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Erynola Moniharapon ◽

Sandriana J Nendissa ◽

Agustina Souripet ◽

Salma Hataul

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Storage Time ◽

Microbial Growth ◽

Water Extract ◽

High Protein ◽

National Standard ◽

Cymbopogon Nardus ◽

Randomized Experimental Design

The objectives of this research were both to know as well as to determine the exact concentration of lemongrass water extract applied during storage on the quality of tofu. A complete randomized experimental design with two factor of treatments was utilized. The first factor was concentration of lemongrass water extract with 3 levels of treatmens, i.e : T1 : 1 kg of lemongrass : 2 L of water, T2 : 1 kg of lemongrass : 3 L of water, T3 : 1 kg of lemongrass : 4 L of water. Whereas the second factor was the storage time, i.e : L0 : 0 day, L1 : 2 day and L3 : 4 day. Variables observed including chemical, and microbial. They consit of protein, moisture, TPC, and Salmonella. Results showed that lemongrass water extract with the concentration of 1 : 4 stored for 4 day had high protein and moisture, content which were 15.4%, and 74.37%, respectively results from microbial test showed that microbial growth was suspressed by the treatments and the content were still in the range set by Indonesian National Standard Agency.

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Repellent activity of essential oils isolated from the leaves of Eupatorium odoratum against malaria, filaria and dengue vectors

Environment Conservation Journal ◽

10.36953/ecj.2013.141203 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (1&2) ◽

pp. 21-25

Author(s):

M. F. Alam

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Aedes Aegypti ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Anopheles Stephensi ◽

Mosquito Species ◽

Repellent Activity ◽

Complete Protection ◽

Protection Measure ◽

Human Volunteers ◽

Dengue Vectors

Light green essential oils extracted from the leaves of Eupatorium odoratum (Asterace) from Himalaya region (India) were screened for repellent activity against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquifaciatus mosquitoes. The repellent activity was evaluated in door condition. Four concentrations 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% (v/v) in ethanol were considered in this study. When the test oil was applied at 10% concentration were found most effective and provided more than 2hr of complete protection against all three mosquito species. The complete protection time (Mean ± S.D) were recorded as 160.2 ± 2.77min, 139.4 ± 1.14min and 125.6 ± 3.13min against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquifaciatus respectively. There was no bite within 125min and 160min confirm due to action of essential oil and thus 100% protection from the bite of mosquitoes achieved. No adverse effects of the human volunteers were observed during the exposure and through three months after the application.Therefore, the essential oil of Eupatorium odoratum (Asterace) may prove useful in the development of mosquito natural repellents as an effective personal protection measure against mosquito bites.

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