A survey of beef production in west wales, 1943–8 Part I. Regional production

1951 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Regional Production ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Total Sales

1. The structure of the cattle population (4 June returns), as well as of cattle sales to the Ministry of Food, have been illustrated.2. The trends in cattle production show the definite changes from that of the traditional storestock rearing to that of milk selling.3. A considerable part (38·2%) of the total graded animals slaughtered for beef are the ‘wastage’ animals from the breeding and dairying herds.4. Reference has also been made to the high proportion of ungraded cows (36·7% of the total cows) purchased by the Ministry. The ungraded cattle, however, are only 17% of the total sales. On the other hand, the ungraded ‘wastage’ cattle contribute 90% of the total ungraded cattle.5. More heifers than steers were sold for slaughter, and it has been shown that the average live weight of the graded steers is nearly 224 lb. heavier than that of the heifers.

A comparison of the Charolais, British Friesian and Hereford breeds as sires of crossbred singlesuckled calves for beef production

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Haycock ◽  
D. A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYIn three successive years cows from an Aberdeen Angus cross Shorthorn herd were mated to pedigree Charolais, British Friesian and Hereford bulls. A comparison of the progeny of the three breeds of sire under controlled conditions was therefore possible using a random selection of dams for mating, and identical rearing of the calves. Results for live-weight gain of the suckled progeny were analysed and showed superiority of the Charolais breed over the other two when used in this form of beef cattle production.For birth weights and daily live-weight gains, particularly during the grazing period, the Charolais cross progeny showed superiority over the other two. There was a consistent although not always statistically significant tendency for these differences between the breed crosses to occur in the male calves only, the females showing little difference between breeds. The data also showed highly significant relationships between gestation period and birth weight, both within and between breed crosses.

Producing and selling beef in scotland (match or mismatch?)

1984 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 119-120
Author(s):  
R. G. Aitken
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Weight Range ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Other Hand

A study was carried out during 1981-82, to assess how far the present production of prime beef in Scotland coincided with the declared preferences of the meat trade.Three main buyer groups were identified, namely, independent butchers, multiple retailers and wholesalers. Each group had differing needs, which can be summarized under the headings of live weight, sex, conformation/fatness and breed type of cattle (Table 5.15.1). Multiple retailers preferred steers between 451 and 550 kg or, in some cases, heavier and there was a general reluctance to accept heifers. Many butchers on the other hand preferred heifers to steers. The weight of heifer preferred was up to 450 kg (to avoid overfatness). The needs of wholesalers, which are not shown in the Table, were best met by a wider weight range of steers — reflecting the need to satisfy different customers and their role in clearing the market.

Intensive beef production. 12. Replacement of concentrates with chopped dried grass

1971 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kay ◽  
R. Massie ◽  
A. MacDearmid
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Trial

SUMMARY1. A growth trial was carried out using 24 British Friesian steers given diets containing (1) 100%, (2) 60%, (3) 40% and (4) 0% concentrates and chopped dried grass up to 100%.2. Daily dry-matter intake was significantly lower for steers on Treatment 1 than for steers on the other three treatments.3. Rate of live-weight gain declined from 1·18 to 0·88 kg/day and carcass gain from 625 to 430 g/day between steers on Treatments 1 and 4.4. Killing-out percentage dropped from 55·3% (1) to 51·9% (4) and the 8th-10th rib from steers on Treatments 3 and 4 contained significantly more crude protein and less ether-extractable matter than ribs from steers on Treatments 1 and 2.

Evaluation of British Friesian, Canadian Holstein and beef breed × British Friesian steers slaughtered over a commercial range of fatness from 16-month and 24-month beef production systems 1. Live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Southgate ◽  
G. L. Cook ◽  
A. J. Kempster
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Sire Breed

ABSTRACTThe live-weight gain (LWG) and efficiency of food utilization of purebred British Friesian and Canadian Holstein steers and of crossbred steers out of British Friesian dams by Charolais, Hereford, Limousin, Lincoln Red, Simmental, South Devon and Sussex sires were examined in two beef production systems. One was similar to the commercial 18-month grass/cereal system (16-month) and the other to a commercial 2-year system (24-month). The cattle were serially slaughtered at three levels of fatness covering the commercial range and determined by the use of the Scanogram ultrasonic machine. The trial extended over 4 years and involved a total of 650 cattle. Data for the two production systems were analysed separately. Changes in growth performance were examined relative to estimated carcass subcutaneous fat content (g/kg; SFC) and sire breed crosses compared at the mean fatness level within system: 65 g/kg SFe for 16-month and 74 g/kg SFe for 24-month.Sire breed differences were not detected (P > 0·05) in the regressions on SFe of age and live weight at slaughter, overall daily LWG and overall efficiency of weight gain. Pooled within sire breed, live at slaughter and age at slaughter increased by 2·5 kg and 2·8 days (16-month) and 2·2 kg and 2·1 days (24-month) for each g/kg increase in SFe.Charolais crosses and Canadian Holsteins were heaviest at equal SFC in both systems, but the latter were 63 days older (16-month) and 42 days older (24-month): Hereford, Lincoln Red and Sussex crosses were lightest and among the youngest in both systems.Sire breed crosses differed significantly in daily LWG: Charolais crosses grew fastest in both systems; the relative growth rate of other sire breed crosses was less consistent between the two although the Hereford crosses and British Friesians grew slowly in both systems. Overall efficiency of LWG (g gain per kg digestible organic matter intake) ranged from 164 to 205 (16-month) and 146 to 171 (24-month). Canadian Holsteins and British Friesians had the lowest efficiency of LWG in both systems of production; differences between the other breeds were not statistically significant (P > 0·05).

Intensive beef production. II. Replacement of cereals with ground straw

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kay ◽  
A. Macdearmid ◽  
R. Massie
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Growth Trial

SUMMARY1. A growth trial was carried out with 21 Friesian steers given diets containing either 0%, 30% or 50% ground straw, and concentrates up to 100%.2. Steers offered the diet containing 0% straw consumed less dry matter per day than steers on the other two treatments.3. Rates of live-weight gain were 1·20, 1·04 and 0·87 kg/day for the three treatments respectively, and carcass gains were 690, 550 and 440 g/day.4. Killing-out percentage dropped and alimentary-tract fill increased as the proportion of straw in the diet increased.5. The dry-matter digestibility coefficients for the three diets, determined at maximal intake, were 79·1%, 62·3% and 56·6%, respectively.

A comparison of the progeny of British Friesian dams and different sire breeds in 16- and 24-month beef production systems 1. Live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Southgate ◽  
G. L. Cook ◽  
A. J. Kempster
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Ultrasonic Machine ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Sire Breed

ABSTRACTThe live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization of purebred British Friesian steers and of crossbred steers out of British Friesian dams by Aberdeen-Angus, Charolais, Devon, Hereford, Lincoln Red, Simmental, South Devon and Sussex sires were examined in two beef production systems. One system was similar to the commercial 18-month grass/cereal system (16-month system) and the other to a commercial 2-year system (24-month system). The cattle were slaughtered at a standard level of fatness, determined by the use of the Scanogram ultrasonic machine.The trial extended over 3 years and a total of 579 cattle were involved.Data for the two production systems were analysed separately. Adjustment was made to equal age at the beginning of the test and to equal carcass subcutaneous fat concentration.There were important differences between sire breeds in daily live-weight gain (P < 0.05), the order of performance for the different sire breeds being similar in the two systems. Charolais and Simmental crosses grew fastest, followed by South Devon crosses, and then by the purebred British Friesian and the other native breed crosses. Faster growing sire-breed crosses were generally heavier and older at slaughter; they ate more, and there was no obvious relationship between sire-breed means for growth rate and efficiency. The range in efficiency between sire breeds was 27 g and 17 g live-weight gain per kg digestible organic matter intake for the 16- and 24- month systems respectively. In both systems, Hereford crosses ranked highest and the purebred British Friesian among the lowest. Probability levels for sire breed differences were P < 0.1 (16 month) and P < 0.01 (24 month).

Hume on the Meaning of ‘Power’

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-248
Author(s):  
Asher Jiang
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Other Hand

Hume frequently states that we are ignorant of genuine power. There is a well-known internal difficulty concerning this claim concerning ignorance. According to Hume, we do not have an impression-based idea of genuine power; on the other hand, every noun needs a corresponding idea to be meaningful. Is his claim concerning ignorance, which makes use of the noun ‘power’, meaningless in light of his own criterion of meaningfulness? I focus on two exegetical approaches to this difficulty proposed in the literature of the ‘New Hume Debate’: 1) we may read Hume's own positive definitions of power (not using any idea of genuine power) back into his claim of ignorance to ensure the meaningfulness of ‘power’; and 2) ‘power’ may correspond to a relative idea of genuine power and derive its meaning from this relative idea. I argue against both of these solutions and offer my own solution that is quite close to the text. However, adopting my proposal demands a price: a considerable part of Hume's argumentative undertaking does not meet his own standard of philosophical precision.

Genetic and environmental influences on beef cattle production in Zambia 2. Live weights for age of purebred and reciprocally crossbred progeny

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Thorpe ◽  
D. K. R. Cruickshank ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Natural Grassland

ABSTRACTLive weights from birth to 3·5 years are reported for beef cattle reared under ranching conditions in Zambia. The 809 cattle were purebred Africanders, Angonis, Barotses and Borans and the reciprocal crossbreds of the latter three breeds born in 2 years. All animals born in the 1st year and half the males born in the 2nd year grazed natural grassland. The remaining males and all females born in the 2nd year received, in addition, dry season supplementary feed from 1·5 years of age.The interaction of genotype with year-of-birth was important but not the interactions of genotype with management or sex. Purebred progeny of the introduced Africander breed were heavier than the progeny of the indigenous Angoni and Barotse breeds in both year-of-birth groups, but only heavier than progeny of the introduced Boran breed in the first group. On average, the Africander progeny had live-weight advantages of about 16% and 10%, and the Boran progeny advantages of about 12·5% and 5·5% over the purebred Angoni and Barotse progeny respectively. Heterosis estimates tended to increase with age, reaching levels of about 5 to 6% in the Barotse/Boran crosses at and after 1·5 years. Heterosis was not shown by the other crosses. The Barotse and Boran breeds had similar maternal effects which were superior to those of the Angoni breed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Campuran Eceng Gondok Tetes dan Urea Terhadap Pertambahan Berat Badan Anak Sapi Aceh Jantan

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Mahyuddin Mahyuddin
Keyword(s):  
Latin Square ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Mixed Water

ABSTRACT. The experiment was conducted in Experimental Farm of Agriculture Fakulty, Syiah Kuala University. The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of mixed Water hyiacinth molasses and urea fed on live-weight gains of Aceh Bullocks. Four Aceh Bullocks (live weight: 140-170 kg, age : 12 months) were used design was Latin Square which were divided into treatments and 4 periods. The treatments were : 0 percent (A), 15 percent (B), 30 percent (C) and 45 percent (D). Water hyiacinth. The resulth of this experiment showed that no significant differences on feed consumption and live weight gains. However, among the treatments, feed consumption of treatment 45 percent tends to decrease. On the other hand, live-weight gains Aceh Bullocks of treatment 45 percent tends to increase. There was a significant difference on feed conversion. Feed conversion of treatment 45 percent is the best.

IMPACT OF THE FARMER’S EDUCATION ON THE LEVEL OF FARM SUSTAINABILITY

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Andrzej Madej
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Farm Sustainability ◽  
Economic Criteria

Research on the education of farmers were conducted in 20 farms specialized in cattle production. The results showed that two groups of farms (differing in the education of farmers) had an average level of sustainability. Farms run by people with secondary and higher education were more sustainable that those run by farmers with vocational and primary education, particularly in terms of social and economic criteria. On the other hand, farms managed by farmers with vocational and primary education, were more sustainable in agro-ecological aspects and less sustainable in social aspects.

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