A comparison of the Charolais, British Friesian and Hereford breeds as sires of crossbred singlesuckled calves for beef production

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Haycock ◽  
D. A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Selection Of

SUMMARYIn three successive years cows from an Aberdeen Angus cross Shorthorn herd were mated to pedigree Charolais, British Friesian and Hereford bulls. A comparison of the progeny of the three breeds of sire under controlled conditions was therefore possible using a random selection of dams for mating, and identical rearing of the calves. Results for live-weight gain of the suckled progeny were analysed and showed superiority of the Charolais breed over the other two when used in this form of beef cattle production.For birth weights and daily live-weight gains, particularly during the grazing period, the Charolais cross progeny showed superiority over the other two. There was a consistent although not always statistically significant tendency for these differences between the breed crosses to occur in the male calves only, the females showing little difference between breeds. The data also showed highly significant relationships between gestation period and birth weight, both within and between breed crosses.

Evaluation of British Friesian, Canadian Holstein and beef breed × British Friesian steers slaughtered over a commercial range of fatness from 16-month and 24-month beef production systems 1. Live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Southgate ◽  
G. L. Cook ◽  
A. J. Kempster
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Sire Breed

ABSTRACTThe live-weight gain (LWG) and efficiency of food utilization of purebred British Friesian and Canadian Holstein steers and of crossbred steers out of British Friesian dams by Charolais, Hereford, Limousin, Lincoln Red, Simmental, South Devon and Sussex sires were examined in two beef production systems. One was similar to the commercial 18-month grass/cereal system (16-month) and the other to a commercial 2-year system (24-month). The cattle were serially slaughtered at three levels of fatness covering the commercial range and determined by the use of the Scanogram ultrasonic machine. The trial extended over 4 years and involved a total of 650 cattle. Data for the two production systems were analysed separately. Changes in growth performance were examined relative to estimated carcass subcutaneous fat content (g/kg; SFC) and sire breed crosses compared at the mean fatness level within system: 65 g/kg SFe for 16-month and 74 g/kg SFe for 24-month.Sire breed differences were not detected (P > 0·05) in the regressions on SFe of age and live weight at slaughter, overall daily LWG and overall efficiency of weight gain. Pooled within sire breed, live at slaughter and age at slaughter increased by 2·5 kg and 2·8 days (16-month) and 2·2 kg and 2·1 days (24-month) for each g/kg increase in SFe.Charolais crosses and Canadian Holsteins were heaviest at equal SFC in both systems, but the latter were 63 days older (16-month) and 42 days older (24-month): Hereford, Lincoln Red and Sussex crosses were lightest and among the youngest in both systems.Sire breed crosses differed significantly in daily LWG: Charolais crosses grew fastest in both systems; the relative growth rate of other sire breed crosses was less consistent between the two although the Hereford crosses and British Friesians grew slowly in both systems. Overall efficiency of LWG (g gain per kg digestible organic matter intake) ranged from 164 to 205 (16-month) and 146 to 171 (24-month). Canadian Holsteins and British Friesians had the lowest efficiency of LWG in both systems of production; differences between the other breeds were not statistically significant (P > 0·05).

Effect of energy source or fibre level in concentrates fed to finishing Swaledale lambs

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 121-121
Author(s):  
C A Middlemass ◽  
C M Minter ◽  
M Marsden
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake ◽  
Effective Growth

Concentrate finishing systems for store lambs often involves a dramatic change in the basal diet as lambs are moved from being managed on, e.g. grass and / or roots to concentrates. If this is done too quickly there is a risk of digestive disturbances leading to acidosis and secondary infections. Hence, the selection of the carbohydrate balance between starch and digestible fibre is crucial as ruminants fed high levels of starch-based concentrates can develop sub-clinical acidosis and liver abscess, leading to decreased voluntary food intake and daily live weight gain (DLWG). The aim of this study was to evaluate two concentrate formulations for effective growth for finishing of Swaledale lambs, one concentrate being starch biased the other digestible fibre biased.

A comparison of the progeny of British Friesian dams and different sire breeds in 16- and 24-month beef production systems 1. Live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization

1982 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Southgate ◽  
G. L. Cook ◽  
A. J. Kempster
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Ultrasonic Machine ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Sire Breed

ABSTRACTThe live-weight gain and efficiency of food utilization of purebred British Friesian steers and of crossbred steers out of British Friesian dams by Aberdeen-Angus, Charolais, Devon, Hereford, Lincoln Red, Simmental, South Devon and Sussex sires were examined in two beef production systems. One system was similar to the commercial 18-month grass/cereal system (16-month system) and the other to a commercial 2-year system (24-month system). The cattle were slaughtered at a standard level of fatness, determined by the use of the Scanogram ultrasonic machine.The trial extended over 3 years and a total of 579 cattle were involved.Data for the two production systems were analysed separately. Adjustment was made to equal age at the beginning of the test and to equal carcass subcutaneous fat concentration.There were important differences between sire breeds in daily live-weight gain (P < 0.05), the order of performance for the different sire breeds being similar in the two systems. Charolais and Simmental crosses grew fastest, followed by South Devon crosses, and then by the purebred British Friesian and the other native breed crosses. Faster growing sire-breed crosses were generally heavier and older at slaughter; they ate more, and there was no obvious relationship between sire-breed means for growth rate and efficiency. The range in efficiency between sire breeds was 27 g and 17 g live-weight gain per kg digestible organic matter intake for the 16- and 24- month systems respectively. In both systems, Hereford crosses ranked highest and the purebred British Friesian among the lowest. Probability levels for sire breed differences were P < 0.1 (16 month) and P < 0.01 (24 month).

Genetic and environmental influences on beef cattle production in Zambia 2. Live weights for age of purebred and reciprocally crossbred progeny

1980 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Thorpe ◽  
D. K. R. Cruickshank ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Supplementary Feed ◽  
Natural Grassland

ABSTRACTLive weights from birth to 3·5 years are reported for beef cattle reared under ranching conditions in Zambia. The 809 cattle were purebred Africanders, Angonis, Barotses and Borans and the reciprocal crossbreds of the latter three breeds born in 2 years. All animals born in the 1st year and half the males born in the 2nd year grazed natural grassland. The remaining males and all females born in the 2nd year received, in addition, dry season supplementary feed from 1·5 years of age.The interaction of genotype with year-of-birth was important but not the interactions of genotype with management or sex. Purebred progeny of the introduced Africander breed were heavier than the progeny of the indigenous Angoni and Barotse breeds in both year-of-birth groups, but only heavier than progeny of the introduced Boran breed in the first group. On average, the Africander progeny had live-weight advantages of about 16% and 10%, and the Boran progeny advantages of about 12·5% and 5·5% over the purebred Angoni and Barotse progeny respectively. Heterosis estimates tended to increase with age, reaching levels of about 5 to 6% in the Barotse/Boran crosses at and after 1·5 years. Heterosis was not shown by the other crosses. The Barotse and Boran breeds had similar maternal effects which were superior to those of the Angoni breed.

Genetic and environmental influences on beef cattle production in Zambia 4. Weaner production from purebred and reciprocally crossbred dams

1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Thorpe ◽  
D. K. R. Cruickshank ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Calving Rate

ABSTRACTEstimates of dam reproductive performance are reported for purebred Africander, Angoni, Barotse and Boran dams, and the reciprocal crossbreds of the latter three breeds, under ranching conditions in Zambia.Mean performances based on a maximum of 1996 records collected over six parities were: calving rate, 65·6%; weaning rate, 62·8%; calf birth weight, 26·6kg; calf weaning weight, 163·6kg; and dam live weight at weaning, 363 0 kg.Purebred Africander and Barotse dams had significantly poorer calving rates, 542 and 57·6% respectively, than the purebred dams of the Angoni and Boran breeds, 69·1 and 66·0% respectively. Reciprocal crossbred dams of the latter two breeds had the highest calving rates, 71·2 and 74·4%. Heterosis estimates for calving rate were 0·8% for Angoni/Barotse crosses, 7·8% for Angoni/Boran crosses and 10·3% for Barotse/Boran crosses and, for weaning rate, 3·7, 6·7 and 11·5% respectively. There were no differences between reciprocal crossbred dams for calving and weaning percentages. The mortality rate of calves born to crossbred dams was 40% and that of the calves born to purebred dams of the same breeds 4·7%. Dam status at mating had an important effect on fertility with the calving rate of dams dry at mating, 89·1%, contrasting with a rate of 39·8% for those dams that were lactating at mating and that had calved late in the season.There were large differences between breeds for calf weights but heterosis estimates were small and nonsignificant. There were no differences between the progeny weights of reciprocal crossbred dams. Sex, date and period of birth, and dam status had significant effects on calf weights.Africander dams had the heaviest, and Angoni dams the lightest, live weights at weaning, 421·1 and 320·7 kg respectively. Heterosis estimates for dam live weights were small and non-significant, and reciprocal crossbred differences were unimportant. Dams which lost most live weight during the dry season, that had extremely light live weights at the beginning of the breeding season or that gained little weight during the breeding season had significantly poorer fertility than other dams.Overall estimates of heritability derived by dam/daughter regression were 0·20 for calving percentage, 0·76 for calf birth weight and 0·72 for calf weaning weight.

Comparison of the productivity of Texel and Rouge de l’Ouest ewes and their crosses

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. R. Dawson ◽  
A. F. Carson ◽  
L. O. W. McClinton
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Average Figure

AbstractAn experiment was undertaken to compare the productivity of crossbred ewes, produced by crossing Texel sires with Rouge de l’Ouest (Rouge) dams and Rouge sires with Texel dams, relative to purebred Texel and Rouge ewes. The purebred and crossbred ewes were crossed with Rouge and Texel sires. The proportion of productive ewes was similar in the purebred and crossbred ewes with an average figure of 0·92. Irrespective of crossing sire, Rouge ewes produced 0·48 more lambs per ewe lambed than Texel ewes (P < 0·001). The two crossbred ewe types (Texel ✕ Rouge and Rouge ✕ Texel) each produced similar numbers of lambs (on average 1·92 lambs per ewe lambed). Individual heterosis values for ewe fertility and prolificacy were small and not significant (–1·67 for the proportion of productive ewes and –3·14 for the number of lambs born per ewe lambed). Maternal heterosis values were also not significant but were of larger magnitude (6·26 for ewe fertility and 3·12 for prolificacy). Lamb mortality (number of lambs born dead per ewe lambed) at birth was similar for purebred Rouge (0·44) and Texel (0·30) ewes and was significantly reduced by crossbred matings and mating the crossbred ewes (individual heterosis –30·68, P < 0·10; maternal heterosis –80·23, P < 0·001). Individual and maternal heterosis values for lamb growth rate from birth to six weeks were 8 (P < 0·05) and 4 (P > 0·05) respectively. Lamb growth rate from birth to weaning was significantly lower in lambs from Texel ewes compared with those from the other genotypes (P < 0·05). Individual and maternal heterosis values for live-weight gain from birth to weaning were 5 (P < 0·10) and 5 (P < 0·01). The results of the current study demonstrate the superior performance of purebred Rouge ewes compared with purebred Texel ewes in terms of prolificacy and lamb growth rate from birth to weaning. However, both breeds had high lamb mortality at birth. Crossbreeding led to the production of hybrid ewes which had relatively high prolificacy with low levels of dystocia and lamb mortality.

scholarly journals Some Environmental Factors Affecting Birth Weight, Weaning Weight and Daily Live Weight Gain of Holstein Calves

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erdal Yaylak ◽  
Hikmet Orhan ◽  
Alim Daşkaya
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Holstein Calves

The present study was conducted to determine some environmental factors affecting birth weight, weaning weight and daily live weight gain of Holstein calves of a livestock facility in Izmir, Turkey. The data on 2091 calves born between the years 2005-2010 were used to assess the relevant parameters. Effects of calving year, calving month, calf gender and the interaction between calving year and calving month on calves’ birth weights were highly significant. The overall mean of birth weights was 39.6±0.15 kg. In addition, effects of calving year, calving month, gender, birth weight, weaning age, calving year x calving month, calving year x gender and calving year x calving month x gender interactions on weaning weight (WW) and daily live weight gain (DLWG) were highly significant. The overall means of WW and DLWG were respectively found to be 79.7±0.20 kg and 525±2.5 g. A one kilogram increase in birth weight resulted in an increase of 0.89 kg in weaning weight and a decrease of 1.26 g in daily live weight gain. Prenatal temperature-humidity index (THI) affected birth weight of calves (R2=0.67). Increasing THI from 50 to 80 resulted in 3.8 kg decrease in birth weight.

scholarly journals Effect of breed on growth performance and carcass composition of Aberdeen Angus, Charolais,Herefordand Simmental bulls

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bartoň ◽  
D. Řehák ◽  
V. Teslík ◽  
D. Bureš ◽  
R. Zahrádková
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Dressing Percentage

Breed effects on live weight gain, slaughter characteristics and carcass composition were compared in Aberdeen Angus, Charolais, Hereford and Simmental bulls. The experiment extended over 2 years and involved totally 96 animals. The target slaughter live weights were determined 550 kg for earlier maturing breeds Aberdeen Angus and Hereford and 630 kg for later maturing breeds Charolais and Simmental. Charolais and Simmental gained more rapidly (P &lt; 0.05) than Aberdeen Angus while Hereford were intermediate. Hereford had lower (P &lt; 0.05) dressing percentage than the other breeds. Percentages of grade I meat were significantly higher (P &lt; 0.05) in Charolais and Simmental. The highest percentage of separable fat was recorded in Hereford (P &lt; 0.05). Charolais and Simmental had lower (P &lt; 0.05) thickness of subcutaneous fat over MLLT than Aberdeen Angus andHereford. The later maturing bulls generally tended to achieve higher live weight gains during the experiment, produced less fat and had higher percentage of meat from high priced joints in comparison with earlier maturing animals. &nbsp;

A comparison of the nursing and suckling behaviour of group- and individually-housed sows and their litters

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Bryant ◽  
P. Rowlinson ◽  
H. A. M. Van der Steen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Ad Libitum

ABSTRACTNursing frequency, suckling duration and teat order were recorded in 12 ‘hybrid’ sows and their litters from parturition to weaning at day 42 post partum. Sows and their litters were moved from the farrowing quarters at day 20; half were housed as a group (G) and fed ad libitum with a boar present and the other half were housed individually (S) with no boar present and ration-fed to scale.Some differences occurred in behaviour from day 20. A significantly greater number of false nursing periods, significant synchronization of nursing periods, and a tendency for more long and short nursing intervals occurred in G than S sows and litters. The duration of the preliminary nosing phase and the total nursing period were significantly longer in S than G litters. Teat order scores, indicating consistency of piglet suckling position on the sow, tended to be greater in S than G litters, and there was a fall in the score for G litters in the weeks following grouping. This was associated with a check in live-weight gain.All G sows showed oestrus during lactation, on average 15 days after grouping. There was no incidence of lactational oestrus in the S sows which showed oestrus 5 days after weaning.

A survey of beef production in west wales, 1943–8 Part I. Regional production

1951 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Regional Production ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Total Sales

1. The structure of the cattle population (4 June returns), as well as of cattle sales to the Ministry of Food, have been illustrated.2. The trends in cattle production show the definite changes from that of the traditional storestock rearing to that of milk selling.3. A considerable part (38·2%) of the total graded animals slaughtered for beef are the ‘wastage’ animals from the breeding and dairying herds.4. Reference has also been made to the high proportion of ungraded cows (36·7% of the total cows) purchased by the Ministry. The ungraded cattle, however, are only 17% of the total sales. On the other hand, the ungraded ‘wastage’ cattle contribute 90% of the total ungraded cattle.5. More heifers than steers were sold for slaughter, and it has been shown that the average live weight of the graded steers is nearly 224 lb. heavier than that of the heifers.

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