Varietal differences in the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of rice straw

1992 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vadiveloo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
The Other ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Stem Leaf

SummaryFour varieties of rice straw, MRl, MR71, MR84 and MR27, were separated into the following botanical fractions; inflorescence, stem, leaf blade and leaf sheath. The relative proportion of each fraction in whole straw was estimated and analysed for its chemical composition and in vitro digestibility (IVD). The composition and IVD of whole straw was then calculated. Cluster analysis showed that MRl was distinct from the other varieties. This could be attributed to a high proportion of stem (32·3%), high IVD (36·9%), low insoluble ash (4·0%) and a low silica content (2·7%) in the whole straw. The genetic distance between any two varieties ranged from 5·4 × 10-3 to 47·8 × 10-3 and was largest between MRl and the other varieties. Cluster analysis also showed that within a variety, the chemical composition and IVD of the stem, leaf blade and leaf sheath were similar, suggesting that sampling errors may be reduced if the inflorescence, which comprises 7–13% of the whole straw, is excluded when the material is analysed. Stepwise and canonical discriminant analyses indicated that the important variables to be measured when comparing straw varieties were IVD, crude protein and insoluble ash.

Losses of the digestible components of annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum Gaudin) during senescence

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Ballard ◽  
RJ Simpson ◽  
GR Pearce
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Annual Ryegrass ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Stem Internode ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Grass Sward ◽  
Stem Leaf

Changes in the digestibility and chemical composition of a L. rigidum cv. Wimmera sward sown in May, 1985 were measured from 21 d pre-anthesis (9 Oct.) until 69 d after anthesis (7 Jan.) when the plants were dead. Max. yield of 11.7 t DM/ha was reached 8 d pre-anthesis. The in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) of whole plants decreased from 58% at anthesis to 36% 69 d after anthesis. This was associated with a decrease in the IVDMD of stem, leaf blades and sheaths. In the 3rd stem internode, which was considered representative of the stem, the loss of digestible yield was due to loss of DM soluble in neutral detergent (NDS). The NDS consisted mainly of non-structural carbohydrates. Similar losses of NDS contributed to loss of digestibility in the uppermost leaf blade and leaf sheath. The digestibility of NDS was generally 80-95% but in the leaf blade this declined to 45% as NDS was mobilized during leaf senescence. NDF digestibility of the stem declined from 35% at anthesis to 19% when dead; corresponding values for the uppermost leaf blade were 83 and 54%, resp., and for the leaf sheath 46 and 37%, resp. These characteristics of a senescing grass sward are discussed in relation to options for improving digestibility of dead grass pastures.

Preservation of wet rice straw using urea and molasses in monsoon of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
R. Sultana ◽  
D. K. Jamee ◽  
S. Islam ◽  
S. M. A. Islam ◽  
M. R. Amin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Physical Quality

An experiment of treated and ensiled wet rice straw with urea and molasses was performed to explore the chemical composition, physical quality, in vitro digestibility and its potentiality as a quality feed for ruminants. In this experiment, plastic containers were used to preserve chopped wet rice straw under airtight condition based on the treatment as T1 (wet rice straw only), T2 (straw with 5% molasses), T3 (straw with 5% urea), T4 (straw with 5% urea and 5% molasses) and T5 (straw with 10% urea and 5% molasses) to analyze chemical composition, physical quality, metabolizable energy (ME) content, in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD) and in vitro gas production (IVGP) at five different ensiling times of 0, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days. The physical quality (color, smell, softness characteristics) of wet rice straw was improved with urea and molasses treatment. Treatments T5 was found better as there was no fungal growth till 90 days of ensiling. The addition of urea and molasses improved the physical quality, nutritive value and preservation quality of wet rice straw. Urea and molasses treated and ensiled (T5) straw showed better color, nutritional quality, softness and longer preservation capacity compared with all treatments followed by T4, T2 and T3. The crude protein (CP) content was increased (P<0.05) but the crude fibre (CF), dry matter (DM), ash contents and ether extract (EE) were decreased (P<0.05) in all of the treatments (T2, T3, T4 and T5) compared to control (T1). The OMD, IVGP and ME contents were increased in all of the treatments (T2, T3, T4 and T5) compared to control (T1). The highest OMD, IVGP and ME values were observed in treatment T5 and the lowest values were in control (T1) Through the Consideration of all the chemical and physical properties, among all of the treatments, 10% urea and 5% molasses are found acceptable for the preservation of rice straw. Thus, environment friendly and cost effective feed can be formulated.

scholarly journals Effects of Explosion Treatment on Chemical Composition and in Vitro Digestibility of Rice Straw and Hulls

1983 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuko TOGAMURA ◽  
Akira MIYAZAKI ◽  
Ryoji KAWASHIMA ◽  
Takayoshi HIGUCHI ◽  
Mitsuhiko TANAHASHI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility

scholarly journals Chemical composition, cell wall features and degradability of stem, leaf blade and sheath in untreated and alkali-treated rice straw

animal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1106-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ghasemi ◽  
G.R. Ghorbani ◽  
M. Khorvash ◽  
M.R. Emami ◽  
K. Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Stem Leaf

scholarly journals Effect of physical form and washing of treated and untreated rice straw with sodium hydroxide upon chemical composition and in vitro digestibility

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Physical Form

Hydroxide upon the chemical composition and dry matter(DM) and organic matter(OM) digestibility . Rice straw was treated with 4% sodium hydroxide using 30% of DM basis moisture, and incubated at 40 ºC for 40 days., DM digestibility (DMD) was significantly affected (P

scholarly journals The Impact of Ammoniation Treatment on the Chemical Composition and In Vitro Digestibility of Rice Straw in Chinese Holsteins

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1854
Author(s):  
Yulin Ma ◽  
Xu Chen ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor Khan ◽  
Jianxin Xiao ◽  
Shuai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Corn Steep Liquor ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
The Impact

The current study was conducted to explore the ammoniation treatment effects on the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of rice straw in Chinese Holsteins. For this purpose, rice straw was stored in polyethylene bags (35 × 25 cm, 350 g per bag) including (i) no additives (RS); (ii) 5% urea (5U, dry matter (DM) basis); (iii) 9% corn steep liquor + 5% urea (9C5U, DM basis); (iv) 9C2.5U; and (v) 9C2.5U + 3% molasses (9C2.5U3M, DM basis). The air-dry matter of the mixture was kept at the same level at 55% for all treatments. Fifteen bags (5 treatments × 3 repeats) were prepared and stored at ambient temperature (25 ± 3 °C). The chemical composition and in vitro digestibility were measured at day 60 after storage. Our analysis revealed that all the four ammoniation treatments improved the in vitro DM and neutral detergent fiber (IVNDFD) digestibility. In addition, all the four ammoniation treatments significantly (P < 0.001) increased the levels of crude protein (CP), gas production (GP), acetic acid (AA), butyric acid (BA) and total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) contents of the rice straw and decreased the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of the rice straw compared to the control. Within four treated groups, the 9C5U treatment was most effective. Finally, we concluded that ammoniation treatments increased the nutritive value of rice straw. In addition the 9C5U treatment could be an effective ammoniation treatment for the better utilization of rice straw.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of rice straw treated with Pleurotus florida

All Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 657-666
Author(s):  
Reynald D. Amido ◽  
Renato G. Reyes ◽  
Sofronio P. Kalaw ◽  
Angeles M. De Leon ◽  
Daniel L. Aquino
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Pleurotus Florida

scholarly journals Temporal Variations in Chemical Composition, In Vitro Digestibility, and Metabolizable Energy of Plant Species Browsed by Goats in Southern Mediterranean Forest Rangeland

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Youssef Chebli ◽  
Samira El Otmani ◽  
Mouad Chentouf ◽  
Jean-Luc Hornick ◽  
Jean-François Cabaraux
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mediterranean Forest ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Southern Mediterranean

Forest rangelands contribute largely to goat diets in the Mediterranean area. Information about browsed plant quality is essential for adequate feeding management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temporal changes in chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of the main plant species selected by goats in the Southern Mediterranean forest rangeland during two consecutive years; these were very contrasted (dry and wet). The browsed species were composed of herbaceous, eleven shrubs, and four tree species. Overall, large variability in chemical composition, in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), and metabolizable energy (ME) was observed among species, grazing season (spring, summer, and autumn), and years within each species. Crude protein (CP) content varied from 60 to 240 g/kg dry matter (DM). The fiber fractions, except for Quercus suber, increased significantly by advancing maturity. Due to the water stress, the lignin level presented a higher value during the spring of the dry year. Condensed tannin (CT) content varied from 2 to 184 g/kg DM. CP, IVOMD, and ME showed a negative correlation with lignin and CT. Based on the results presented herein, it is concluded that the nutritive value of the browsed plant species was highest in the spring and lowest during the summer and autumn of both studied years. With a good grazing management strategy, the selected plant species by goats could guarantee high-quality feeding resources throughout the year.

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