STATE-LEVEL DIETARY DIVERSITY AS A CONTEXTUAL DETERMINANT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN IN INDIA: A MULTILEVEL APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kakoli Borkotoky ◽  
Sayeed Unisa ◽  
Ashish Kumar Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Consumer Expenditure ◽  
Multilevel Regression ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

SummaryThis study aimed to identify the determinants of nutritional status of children in India with a special focus on dietary diversity at the state level. Household-level consumption data from three rounds of the Consumer Expenditure Survey of the National Sample Survey Organization (1993–2012) were used. Information on the nutritional status of children was taken from the National Family Health Survey (2005–06). Dietary diversity indices were constructed at the state level to examine diversity in quantity of food consumed and food expenditure. Multilevel regression analysis was applied to examine the association of state-level dietary diversity and other socioeconomic factors with the nutritional status of children. It was observed that significant variation in childhood stunting, wasting and underweight could be explained by community- and state-level factors. The results indicate that dietary diversity has increased in India over time, and that dietary diversity at the state level is significantly associated with the nutritional status of children. Moreover, percentage of households with a regular salaried income in a state, percentage of educated mothers and mothers receiving antenatal care in a community are important factors for improving the nutritional status of children. Diversity in complementary child feeding is another significant determinant of nutritional status of children. The study thus concludes that increasing dietary diversity at the state level is an effective measure to reduce childhood malnutrition in India.

scholarly journals Household food consumption and nutritional status of children aged 6 to 59 months in Zinder, Niger Republic

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 16652-16668
Author(s):  
Diadie Halima Oumarou ◽  
◽  
HA Issaka ◽  
A Balla ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Food Diversity ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Female Headed Households ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Malnutrition exists in both urban and rural areas in Niger. An analysis of food and nutrition situation was carried out in the urban municipality of Zinder in order to contribute to a better understanding of the situation.This work was done from February to March 2018, at the household level,sampled by probabilistic method.The study involved 168 children from 6 to 59 months selected from 150 households in 15neighborhoods in the urban municipalities of Zinder. An analysis of the Food Consumption Score and Household Food Diversity Score showed acceptable food consumption and high food diversity respectively in58.7% and 67.3% of households.Furthermore, the results showed that the socio-economic characteristics that determined Score of food consumption were the main activities of heads of households and their wives. Food diversity was generally acceptable, although 2.7 %of households still had low dietary diversity in the study area.Also,food diversity remained low overall for nearly 8.9% of children with a rate of 6.0% for households headed by a woman.Nevertheless, the latter female-headed households had an estimated 13.7% of children with average individual food diversity. The prevalence of acute global malnutrition is 13.1% with the severe form at3%. It should be noted that girls were much more affected by this severe form (3.4%) compared to 2.5% for boys.However, stunting was more prevalent in males than in females with 57.5% and 46.6%,respectively. Moderate form accounting for 28.4% in females compared to 17.5% in males.This nutritional status reflects the relatively acceptable food situation in which these children lived. Furthermore, the appreciation of different foods and modes of consumption have shown on the one hand that the diet remains monotonous. On the other hand, this analysis revealed that cereal-based dishes accompanied by vegetable/leafy sauces predominated in these households in the study area.This situation exposes the members of these households and especially young children to the risk of malnutrition.

scholarly journals Undernutrition among children under five (5) years in the municipalities of Natitingou, Boukoumbé and Toucountouna (NBT Zone) in the Department of Atacora in North West Benin

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdou Ganiou YESSOUFOU ◽  
Marius BIO BOUKO ◽  
Patrice SANTA KOUESSOPA ◽  
Abèbi Karimath YESSOUFOU ◽  
Adégnika Amirath ADEBO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
North West ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the nutritional status of the children under five years of the Municipalities of Natitingou, Boukoumbé, and Toucountouna located in the Department of Atacora in North West Benin. It is a prospective, descriptive and analytical study in which we collected the anthropometric measurements of 600 children and submitted their mothers to a questionnaire. The results show that the three forms of undernutrition are still present with 53% of stunted children, 75% of underweight children and 26% of emaciated children. Moreover, the dietary diversity scores recorded in the surveyed households are mostly low. Determinants identified include diseases, dietary diversity, non-compliance with the principle of exclusive breastfeeding, and poor weaning practices. In sum, the very high level of stunting is indicative of chronic food insecurity. There is therefore an awakening of consciousness of the different actors involved in the fight against malnutrition for an improvement of the nutritional status of children in this area of study.

scholarly journals The study of dietary diversity score in children between 6 months to 23 months: a hospital based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya N. ◽  
Rajanish K. V. ◽  
Malavika J. ◽  
Aarti Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Background: Dietary diversity is a qualitative measure of food consumption that reflects household access to a variety of foods and is also a proxy for nutrient adequacy of diet of individual. Breast-feeding and complementary feeding practices are fundamental to children’s survival and development. Feeding practices have an impact on physical growth, which is one of the best indicators of children’s well-being. However, the relation between the quality of feeding practices during early age and nutritional status are difficult to establish, and, depending on the context and overall living conditions, the influence of feeding factors on children’s nutritional status can vary considerably. This study helps us to assess the dietary diversity score by simple food count method which is a good indicator of adequate micronutrient intake.Methods: The study was a retrospective study conducted on babies between 6 months to 23 months of age presenting in Paediatric outpatient Department. Data was collected by 24-hour recall method for 3 days and an average.Results: 30% of subjects had weight for age below 2 SD and 8% had length for age below 2 SD. Dietary diversity Score of 1and 6 in 8%, 2 in 48%, 3 and 5 in 6%, 4 in 24% was noted. The average scoring was low among 6-9 and10-12 months and it increased between 13-23 months. With increase in age there was increase in dietary diversity score and vice versa.Conclusions: Limited diversity in complementary foods is a strong predictor of the nutritional status of children. Inclusion of a variety of food groups may be more essential to improve child’s nutritional status.

scholarly journals Economic crisis and malnutrition: socioeconomic determinants of anthropometric status of preschool children and their mothers in an African urban area

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Delpeuch ◽  
P Traissac ◽  
Y Martin-Prével ◽  
JP Massamba ◽  
B Maire
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Socioeconomic Determinants ◽  
Prenatal Factors ◽  
Economic Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the relative importance of socioeconomic and maternal/prenatal determinants of the nutritional situation of children < 6 years old in an urban African area after several years of economic crisis.DesignCross-sectional cluster sample survey.SettingBrazzaville, capital city of the Congo.SubjectsInformation on socioeconomic characteristics was gathered from a random sample of 1368 households by house visits and anthropometric measurements were performed using standardized procedures on preschool children (n=2373) and their mothers (n=1512).ResultsThe influence of socioeconomic factors on the nutritional status of children, taking into account adjustment variables such as mother's age and child's age and sex was assessed. For stunting, as well as for the mean height-for-age index among children, the main determinants were economic level of the household (P=0.048 and P=0.004, respectively), schooling of the mother (P=0.004 and P < 10−3) and living in the peripheral district (P=0.005 and P < 10−3). The influence of socioeconomic determinants on weight-for-age and wasting was less straightforward. When adjusting, in addition, for maternal and prenatal factors (mother's height and body mass index (BMI) and birth weight), most of the effects of the socioeconomic determinants on the nutritional status of children persisted somewhat, but the effect of the economic level on the stunting became not significant (P=0.11). The mean BMI of mothers appeared to be related to the economic level of the household (P < 10−4), to the marital status (P=0.01) and to the occupation of the mother (P < 10−4).ConclusionsAmong the socioeconomic determinants of malnutrition in children, some, such as economic level of the household or schooling of the mother, seem to act mainly through prenatal factors, whereas others, mainly dwelling district characteristics, seem to influence more directly the children's nutritional status.

scholarly journals Dietary diversity and nutritional status of 2 to 5 years old children in households with and without home gardens in selected districts in Siem Reap province, Cambodia

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sek Liny ◽  
◽  
Aimee A. Sheree Barrion ◽  
Clarissa B Juanico ◽  
Josefina T. Dizon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score ◽  
Home Gardening ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of malnutrition in Cambodia during the past 10 years. One of the programmes implemented to secure household food security in order to alleviate malnutrition was home gardening. This study aimed to compare the nutritional status of 2 to 5 years old children in households with and without home gardens. Methods: Twenty-five households with home gardens and 60 households without home gardens were sampled. Results: The households sampled had a mixed type of home garden with three to five crop varieties occupying 20 to 200 square meters area. The purpose of the garden was to increase vegetable consumption and produce additional income. Results showed that 72% and 65% of the children resided in households with and without home gardens, respectively. Majority had medium dietary diversity score, i.e. consumed four to five different food groups per day. Except for stunting, higher prevalences of undernutrition (32%) and wasting (8%) were observed among children residing in households with home gardens compared to children in households without home gardens. Conclusion: There were no associations for dietary diversity score and nutritional status of children from households with and without home gardens. Among the sociodemographic and economic factors, age, sex, family size, and vegetable consumption were significantly associated with dietary diversity score and nutritional status of the children.

scholarly journals Keragaman Pangan dan Status Gizi Pada Anak Balita di Kelurahan Pasirkaliki Kota Cimahi

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Witri Priawantiputri ◽  
Mimin Aminah
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score ◽  
Food Diversity ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

Dietary diversity refers to an increase in the variety of foods across and within food groups capable of ensuring adequate intake to promote a good nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of food diversity with the nutritional status of children under five in Kelurahan Pasirkaliki Kota Cimahi. A cross-sectional study with a simple random sampling method was conducted among 79 households having under five age children. Individual food diversity was measured using a dietary diversity score through questionnaire from FANTA Dietary Diversity Score Indicator Guide. Nutritional status of children under five measured by anthropometric measurement with indicator z-score of WHZ, WAZ, and HAZ. The analysis was carried out by Chi square test and fisher's exact. The average age of children under five is 31 months consisting of 43 boys (54.4%) and 36 (45.6%) girls. The prevalence of wasting children was 3.8%, stunting 21.5%, and underweight 10.1%. As many as 56 (70.9%) children consume diverse foods. There is no relationship between food diversity with nutritional status (p>0.05). Consumption of diverse food with appropriate amount of food portions are recommended for children under five years to get optimal nutritional status.

scholarly journals Effect of inappropriate complementary feeding practices on the nutritional status of children aged 6-24 months in urban Moshi, Northern Tanzania: Cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250562
Author(s):  
Rachel Masuke ◽  
Sia E. Msuya ◽  
Johnson M. Mahande ◽  
Ester J. Diarz ◽  
Babill Stray-Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Early Introduction ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity

Introduction Childhood undernutrition is a major public health problem especially in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). The prevalence of early introduction of complementary feeding, low meal frequency, and low dietary diversity are frequent in LMICs. The effect of inappropriate complementary feeding practices on the nutritional status of children is not well documented in East African countries including Tanzania. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the effect of inappropriate complementary feeding practices on the nutritional status of children aged 6–24 months in urban Moshi, Tanzania. Methodology A retrospective cohort study was done using the Pasua and Majengo cohorts of mother-child pairs in urban Moshi who were enrolled from 2002 to 2017. About 3355 mother-child pairs were included in the analysis. Appropriate complementary feeding practices were assessed using WHO IYFP indicators such as age at introduction of solid, semi-solid, or soft foods, minimum dietary diversity, and minimum meal frequency. Nutritional status (stunting, wasting, and underweight) was determined. Multilevel modeling was applied to obtain the effect of inappropriate complementary feeding practices on the nutritional status of children and to account for the clustering effect of mothers and children and the correlation of repeated measures within each child. Results Majority of the children (91.2%) were given soft/semi-solid/solid foods before six months of age, 40.3percent had low meal frequency, and 74percent had low dietary diversity. Early introduction of complementary food at age 0–1 month was statistically significantly associated with higher risks of wasting and underweight (ARR 2.9, 95%CI 1.3–6.3; and ARR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3–5.1 respectively). Children with low minimum meal frequency had higher risks of stunting, wasting, and underweight (ARR 2.9, 95%CI 2.3–3.6; ARR 1.9, 95%CI 1.5–2.5 and ARR 1.9, 95%CI 1.5–2.4 respectively). Children with low minimum dietary diversity were more likely to be stunted than is the case with their peers who received the minimum dietary diversity (ARR 1.3, 95% CI 1.01–1.6). Conclusion There were a high proportion of children, which were fed inappropriately; Inappropriate complementary feeding practices predisposed children to undernutrition. Our study supports the introduction of complementary feeding, providing minimum dietary diversity, and minimum feeding frequency at six months of age as important in improving the nutritional status of the children.

scholarly journals Impacts of Eating Behaviors of Pregnant and Lactating Women on the Nutritional Status of Children under 6 Months in the Lake-Chad Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Abdel-Aziz Ousmane Mahamat ◽  
Marie Modestine Kana Sop ◽  
Himeda Makhlouf ◽  
Marlyne-Joséphine Mananga
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Lake Chad ◽  
Breastfeeding Rate ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children ◽  
The Impact

Background: Malnutrition causes real problems, especially for the survival and growth of children on the one hand and for the health of pregnant and lactating women on the other. Purpose: The purpose of our study is to evaluate the impact of pregnant and lactating women's eating behaviors on the nutritional status of children under 6 months in the Lake Chad Region. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of 380 patients including 106 pregnant women 137 lactating women and 137 children under 6 months of age identified in few hospitals and health centers in the Lake Chad Region was conducted from October 1 to November 30, 2017, using a questionnaire administered to pregnant and lactating women after their consent. The 24-hour recall and the frequency of consumption of the food groups allowed us to evaluate the food intake of the surveyed women. The nutritional status of mothers and children was assessed by anthropometric and biochemical measures. The data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20 software. The Chi-square test allowed us to establish the correlations between the different variables at a significance level set at 5%. Results: This study found that only 8.5% and 10.9% of pregnant and lactating women respectively had satisfactory dietary diversity scores. The exclusive breastfeeding rate was 11.7% and the immediate initiation rate for breastfeeding after delivery was 50.4%. The children had 19% wasting, 31.4% stunting, 34.3% underweight and 56.4% anemia. Respectively, 34% and 29% of pregnant and lactating women were malnourished; 17% and 10.2% were at risk of malnutrition, with 60.6 % and 50% prevalence of anemia respectively. Conclusion: The modifiable factors that significantly influenced the nutritional status of children were: maternal feeding behaviors such as low dietary diversity scores and daily meals lack of hygiene and sanitary follow-up, underweight and presence of children anemia in mothers.

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