DGAT1 polymorphism in Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle breeds

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Kaupe ◽  
Andreas Winter ◽  
Ruedi Fries ◽  
Georg Erhardt
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Potential Candidate Gene ◽  
Trait Locus

As a result of multiple QTL-mapping projects in recent years, a quantitative trait locus for milk fat percentage and milk yield has been described on BTA14. Recent reports name the acyl-CoA[ratio ]diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) gene on BTA14 as a potential candidate gene, with a nonconservative substitution of lysine by alanine (K232A) producing a major effect on milk composition and yield. DGAT1K appears to be the ancestral allele and the K232A substitution probably occurred after the divergence of the Bos indicus and Bos taurus lineages. These findings prompted us to genotype 1748 DNA samples of 38 different Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle breeds from 13 countries on five continents (Europe, Africa, Asia, North America and South America), to examine the occurrence of the DGAT1 polymorphism and characterize the K232A substitution in cattle breeds of different origins and selected for different purposes (e.g., beef, dairy and dual purpose). Calculating pairwise FST values for pooled subpopulations showed least divergence for Bos indicus breeds with high milk fat percentage. Fixation of DGAT1A was found in some Bos taurus breeds and fixation of DGAT1K in one Bos indicus breed. Breeds of no known organized breeding background from the Near East domestication centre of Bos taurus and taurine African N'Dama cattle were found to possess intermediate frequencies of DGAT1K. While beef breeds tended to harbour higher DGAT1A levels, dairy cattle showed everything from very low levels of DGAT1K to unexpectedly high frequencies of this allele.

Characterization and validation of point mutation in exon 19 of CACNA2D1 gene in Karan Fries (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) cattle

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Magotra ◽  
I. D. Gupta ◽  
Archana Verma ◽  
M. V. Chaudhari ◽  
Ashwani Arya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Mutation ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Conserved Sequence ◽  
Potential Candidate Gene ◽  
Pcr Product ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Karan Fries ◽  
Exon 19

The objective of this study was to characterize and validate the candidate point mutation in Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, alpha-2/ delta subunit 1 (CACNA2D1) gene in Karan Fries (Bos taurus x Bos indicus) cattle. The CACNA2D1 gene reported as one of the potential candidate gene influencing Somatic cell Score and Mastitis. A PCR product of 249 bp amplifying the exon 19 and partial 18 and 19 intronic region of CACNA2D1 gene was digested with Hae III restriction enzyme to screen the reported point mutation. A monomorphic banding pattern with genotype AA was found in Karan Fries cattle. Sequencing was also carried out to characterize and explore insilico screened mutation in the nucleotide sequence of a particular region. The result indicates highly conserved sequence in Karan Fries cattle. The Phylogenetic tree revealed that Karan Fries cattle were closer to Bos taurus cattle, Bos mutus (Yak), and Bison bison (American buffalo) compared to other species.

The effect of udder infections on the lactation yield of milk and milk solids

1960 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O'Donovan ◽  
F. H. Dodd ◽  
F. K. Neave
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Milk Solids

SummaryData available for fifty cows mainly infected with Staphylococcus pyogenes have been analysed to determine the effects of udder infections and mastitis on milk, fat and solids-not-fat yield and on fat and solids-not-fat percentages over full lactations.It was found that lactation yields of milk, solids-not-fat and fat were depressed by 10, 11 and 12% respectively in the presence of infection. These depressions were significant (P < 0·05). The composition of the milk averaged over whole lactations was not significantly affected (P > 0·05), although the mean solids-not-fat percentage of the milk was significantly depressed by 0·196±0·092 during the period of infection.It is suggested that the depressions in lactation yield and changes in milk composition would have been greater in the absence of antibiotic therapy for mastitis.

Allele frequencies of gene polymorphisms related to economic traits in Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle breeds

2011 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto KANEDA ◽  
Bang Zhong LIN ◽  
Shinji SASAZAKI ◽  
Kenji OYAMA ◽  
Hideyuki MANNEN
Keyword(s):  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Cattle Breeds

scholarly journals The patterns of admixture, divergence, and ancestry of African cattle populations determined from genome-wide SNP data

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Z. Gebrehiwot ◽  
E. M. Strucken ◽  
H. Aliloo ◽  
K. Marshall ◽  
J. P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
African Cattle ◽  
Snp Data

Abstract Background Humpless Bos taurus cattle are one of the earliest domestic cattle in Africa, followed by the arrival of humped Bos indicus cattle. The diverse indigenous cattle breeds of Africa are derived from these migrations, with most appearing to be hybrids between Bos taurus and Bos indicus. The present study examines the patterns of admixture, diversity, and relationships among African cattle breeds. Methods Data for ~ 40 k SNPs was obtained from previous projects for 4089 animals representing 35 African indigenous, 6 European Bos taurus, 4 Bos indicus, and 5 African crossbred cattle populations. Genetic diversity and population structure were assessed using principal component analyses (PCA), admixture analyses, and Wright’s F statistic. The linkage disequilibrium and effective population size (Ne) were estimated for the pure cattle populations. Results The first two principal components differentiated Bos indicus from European Bos taurus, and African Bos taurus from other breeds. PCA and admixture analyses showed that, except for recently admixed cattle, all indigenous breeds are either pure African Bos taurus or admixtures of African Bos taurus and Bos indicus. The African zebu breeds had highest proportions of Bos indicus ancestry ranging from 70 to 90% or 60 to 75%, depending on the admixture model. Other indigenous breeds that were not 100% African Bos taurus, ranged from 42 to 70% or 23 to 61% Bos indicus ancestry. The African Bos taurus populations showed substantial genetic diversity, and other indigenous breeds show evidence of having more than one African taurine ancestor. Ne estimates based on r2 and r2adj showed a decline in Ne from a large population at 2000 generations ago, which is surprising for the indigenous breeds given the expected increase in cattle populations over that period and the lack of structured breeding programs. Conclusion African indigenous cattle breeds have a large genetic diversity and are either pure African Bos taurus or admixtures of African Bos taurus and Bos indicus. This provides a rich resource of potentially valuable genetic variation, particularly for adaptation traits, and to support conservation programs. It also provides challenges for the development of genomic assays and tools for use in African populations.

Sequence characterization and polymorphism detection in lactoferrin gene of Deoni (Bos indicus) cattle

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Pratap Singh ◽  
K. P. Ramesha ◽  
S. Isloor ◽  
P. Divya ◽  
Ashwani Arya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Sequence Characterization ◽  
Potential Candidate Gene ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Lactoferrin Gene

Lactoferrin is an iron binding glycoprotein which plays an essential role in antimicrobial defense and a potential candidate gene in dairy cattle breeding. The present study was undertaken with the objective of sequence characterization and identification of polymorphisms within exons 2, 3 and 14 and their flanking intronic regions in lactoferrin gene of Deoni (Bos indicus) cattle by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Amplicons of exons 4, 5 and 16 showed monomorphic patterns. PCR-SSCP analysis revealed a total of eight different variants in three investigated regions of the lactoferrin gene. The locus LtfE2 revealed four different variants, viz. LtfE2-A, LtfE2-B, LtfE2-C and LtfE2-D with the frequency of 0.42, 0.26, 0.22 and 0.10, respectively. Analysis of exon 3 and 14 revealed two unique SSCP patterns with the frequencies of 0.54 and 0.46, 0.86 and 0.14 respectively. Comparison of nucleotide sequences of lactoferrin gene of the Deoni cattle with taurine cattle revealed a total of 12 point mutations, 11 of which were found to be in coding region with 10 transitions. Conceptualized translation of nucleotide sequence revealed 5 amino acid changes. The SNPs identified in the coding region of lactoferrin gene may serve as potential genetic marker (s) in cattle for disease resistance.

scholarly journals Short Communication: A Polymorphism in ABCG2 in Bos indicus and Bos taurus Cattle Breeds

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 4921-4923 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ron ◽  
M. Cohen-Zinder ◽  
C. Peter ◽  
J.I. Weller ◽  
G. Erhardt
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cattle Breeds

scholarly journals Fine mapping of a quantitative trait locus for bovine milk fat composition on Bos taurus autosome 19

2014 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 1139-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aniek C. Bouwman ◽  
Marleen H.P.W. Visker ◽  
JohanA.M. van Arendonk ◽  
Henk Bovenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Fine Mapping ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Trait Locus

scholarly journals Genotype and allele frequencies of polymorphisms in ABCG2, PPARGC1A and OLR1 genes in indigenous cattle breeds in Turkey

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atila Ateş ◽  
Gülhan Türkay Hoştürk ◽  
Iraz Akiş ◽  
Feraye Esen Gürsel ◽  
Hasret Yardibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Autosomal Gene ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Allele Distribution ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Abcg2 Gene

Abstract This study was carried out to determine polymorphisms of four genes in South Anatolian Red (SAR) and East Anatolian Red (EAR) indigenous cattle breeds in Turkey. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) monitored in this study are Y581S in ATP binding cassette sub family G member 2 (ABCG2) gene, c.1892T>C and c.3359A>C in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A) gene and g.8232C>A in oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (OLR1) gene. The frequency of the ancestral allele A of the ABCG2 gene Y581S polymorphism was found to be very high (SAR: 0.63; EAR: 0.64) in both cattle breeds. The CC genotypes of PPARGC1A gene c.1892T>C (SAR: 0.65; EAR: 0.80) and OLR1 gene g.8232C>A polymorphisms (SAR: 0.82; EAR: 0.86), which are associated with high milk fat percentage, had higher frequencies than those of the other genotypes. In conclusion, we might suggest that the allele distribution of the ABCG2 gene Y581S polymorphism can be the evidence indicating autosomal gene flow from zebu cattle to SAR and EAR cattle breeds.

scholarly journals Genetic structure of the Southern meat cattle breed based on microsatellite markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (91) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
A. S. Kramarenko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Cattle Breeds

The Southern Meat cattle is a composite breed developed by crossing Cuban zebu (Bos indicus) with different cattle breeds (Bos taurus) – local the Red Steppe, Hereford, Charolais, Santa Gertrudis, Dairy Shorthorn. Genetic structure of the Southern meat cattle breed from the State Enterprise Experimental Farm “Askaniyske” NAAS Ukraine (Kherson region) were investigated based on the microsatellite DNA loci. Analysis included 192 animals. A panel of 12 bovine-specific microsatellite markers (TGLA227, BM2113, TGLA53, ETH10, SPS115, TGLA122, INRA23, TGLA126, BM1818, ETH3, ETH225 and BM1824), recommended of the ISAG for cattle genetic diversity studies, was selected for genetic characterization and revealing the extent of genetic diversity in the Southern Meat cattle breed. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissue samples using Nexttec column (Nexttec Biotechnology GmbH, Germany) following the manufacturer's instructions. All laboratory tests were conducted in the laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Animal Center of Biotechnology and Molecular Diagnostics, All-Russian Research Institute for Animal Husbandry named after academy member L.K. Ernst. We report the distribution and the frequency of a taurine and an indicine specific alleles in the Southern Meat cattle breed using literature data about the Zebu and different cattle breeds genetic structure based on microsatellite loci from our list. It can be assumed that the TGLA22777, BM2113141-143, ETH10209-211, TGLA122149, INRA23194-198, TGLA126123, ETH225156-158-160 alleles among the Southern Meat cattle breed examined individuals were inherited from a B. indicus ancestor. On the other hand, the TGLA53156, ETH10217-219, TGLA122143, INRA23202, TGLA126115, ETH225148-150, BM1824188-190 alleles in the Southern Meat cattle gene pool may be inherited from a B. taurus ancestor (i.e., taurine breeds diagnostic alleles).

scholarly journals Whole genome characterization of autochthonous Bos taurus brachyceros and introduced Bos indicus indicus cattle breeds in Cameroon regarding their adaptive phenotypic traits and pathogen resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archile Eric paguem ◽  
Babette Abanda ◽  
Mbunkah Daniel Achukwi ◽  
Praveen Baskaran ◽  
Stefan Czemmel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Taurine Breed ◽  
Taurine Cattle

Abstract BackgroundWest African indigenous taurine cattle display unique adaptive traits shaped by husbandry management, regional climate and exposure to endemic pathogens. They are less productive with respect to milk and meat production which has been associated with a number of factors, amongst others small size, traditional beliefs and husbandry practices. This resulted in the severe dwindling of their populations size rendering them vulnerable to extinction. The Namchi (Doayo) taurine cattle breed has documented resistance traits against trypanosome infection and exposure to tick infestation. Nonetheless, the historically later introduced Zebu cattle are the main cattle breeds in Africa today, even though they suffer more from locally prevailing pathogens. By using a reference-based whole genome sequencing approach, we sequenced for the first time the genomes of five cattle breeds from Cameroon: the Namchi (Doayo), an endangered trypanotolerant taurine breed, the Kapsiki, an indigenous trypanosusceptible taurine breed, and three Zebu (Bos indicus indicus) breeds: Ngaoundere Gudali, White Fulani and Red Fulani.ResultsApproximately 167 Giga bases of raw sequencing data were generated and mapped to the cattle reference genome UMD3.1. The coverage was 22 to 30-fold. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were compared with reference genomes of European Bos taurus Holstein and of Asian Bos indicus Brahman and the African trypanotolerant N’Dama breeds.Of a total of 50 million SNPs identified, 3.43 million were breed-specific ranging from 0.37 to 0.47 million SNPs in the domestic Cameroonian breeds and approximately 0.58 million constituted of small insertions and deletions. We identified breed specific-non-synonymous variants as genetic traits that could explain certain cattle-breed specific phenotypes such as increased tolerance against trypanosome parasites in the Namchi (Doayo) breed, heat tolerance in the Kapsiki breed, and growth, metabolism and meat quality in the Gudali breeds. Phylogenetic comparison grouped Namchi (Doayo) to the African Zebu clade indicating a hybrid status of the selected animal with a Zebu breed, albeit it showed the Namchi breed’s phenotype.ConclusionsThe findings provide the first comprehensive set of full genome variant data of the most important Cameroonian cattle breeds. The genomic data shall constitute a foundation for breed amelioration whilst exploiting the heritable traits and support conservation efforts for the endangered local cattle breeds.

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