Accuracy of simplified sampling procedures for estimating milk composition in dairy ewes

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Houcine Othmane ◽  
J Angel Fuertes ◽  
Carlos Gonzalo ◽  
L Fernando De La Fuente ◽  
Fermín San Primitivo
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dairy Ewes ◽  
Milk Component ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Preceding Interval ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Sampling Procedures

Simplified designs of milk-composition recording, based on information from a single monthly milking, adjusted or not for interval between milkings and for milk yield, were simulated and evaluated for 2553 ewe-test-day records belonging to 155 lactations of Churra dairy ewes. Accuracy of simplified methods was evaluated by comparing estimated trait values (fat, protein, casein and total solid yields) with those observed both in a reference plan, where the two daily milkings were recorded at weekly intervals (A1), and in the official A4 milk recording (monthly records of the two daily milkings). Trait yields per lactation were estimated and adjusted to the only milking period (days in milk 30–120). Estimates of milk component traits were less precise when monthly designs, including the A4 design, were compared with a weekly sampling of both a.m. and p.m. milkings, with fat yield being the most difficult trait to estimate. All options with one daily milking every month were more accurate when the corresponding plan was based on, or began with, the a.m. milking. Adjustment for the preceding interval between milkings or milk yield did not improve sampling accuracy. The design alternating a.m. and p.m. milkings every month, without adjustment, is suggested for recoding milk component traits in dairy ewes.

scholarly journals Milk yield, composition and their correlated relationships in some selected indigenous breeds of cattle in late wet season of Adamawa state, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
H. Y. Abbaya ◽  
I. I. Adedibu ◽  
M. Kabir ◽  
A. O. Iyiola-Tunji
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Milk Components ◽  
Milk Component ◽  
Fat Yield

There is need for characterization of performances of cattle breeds in relation to milk yield and composition particularly in Adamawa State where seasonal fluctuations in climatic elements can affect livestock resilience. This study was carried out to evaluate the breed variation in milk yield and composition of some selected breeds of Nigerian indigenous cattle in Adamawa State in the late wet season (August-October). The milk of 20 cows each from four breeds (Bunaji, Rahaji, Adamawa Gudali and Bokoloji) was sampled for milk yield and composition analysis three times within the season. Milk was analysed for its composition. Breed significantly (p<0.05) influenced the milk component evaluated. Bunaji was superior in milk yield (1.92), fat yield (5.73) and total solid non-fat (4.59). Rahaji was superior in phosphorus (410), sodium (61.01) and iron (3.16) while Bokoloji was superior in protein (4.98) and calcium (721). For the correlated relationships between the milk components evaluated in different breeds, there was a significant (p<0.05-0.01; r = -0.89 to 1.00) correlation between milk components except (p>0.05; r = -0.21 to 0.24) within various breeds. Zero relationship existed between milk yield and Fe in Adamawa Gudali (p>0.05; r =0.00) while a perfect relation exists between milk yield and protein yield (p>0.01; r = 1.00) in Rahaji, Adamawa Gudali and Bokoloji and between protein yield and fat yield (p>0.01; r = 1.00) in Bunaji and Bokoloji.For the pooled correlated responses, there was significant (p<0.05-0.01; r = -0.95 to 0.99) relationships between most milk components. It was therefore concluded that Bunaji had the highest milk yield, Bokoloji was best in milk protein and fat contents while Rahaji was best in mineral contents. Also, correlated relationship between milk components should be maximized in formulating a selection programme for improvement of milk in Nigerian indigenous cattle.

The effects of feeding high fiber canola meal on total tract digestibility and milk production

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Mustafa ◽  
D. A. Christensen ◽  
J. J. McKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
High Fiber

Two studies were undertaken to evaluate the nutritive value of high fiber canola meal (HFCM) relative to regular canola meal for ruminants. In the first study, 21 growing lambs were utilized in a randomized complete block design to determine the total tract digestion coefficients of dry matter (DMD), crude protein (CPD), gross energy (GED), neutral (NDFD) and acid (ADFD) detergent fiber and the digestible energy (DE) contents of seven dehydrated alfalfa-based diets containing 0, 250, 500 and 750 g kg−1 HFCM or canola meal. In the second study, the effect of feeding HFCM as a protein supplement to dairy cows relative to canola meal and soybean meal (SBM) was examined in a triple 3 × 3 Latin square design. Results of the first study showed that HFCM had lower (P < 0.05) DMD, CPD, GED and DE contents than canola meal. The estimated DMD, CPD and GED and DE contents for HFCM were 674 and 795 g kg−1, 695 kJ MJ−1 and 13.68 MJ kg−1, respectively. The corresponding values for canola meal were 707 and 841 g kg−1, 727 kJ MJ−1 and 14.10 MJ kg−1, respectively. Results of the second study showed that protein supplement source had no effect on DM intake, milk yield, milk fat g kg−1, lactose g kg−1 and total solid g kg−1. However, cows fed HFCM- and canola meal-based diets produced milk with lower (P < 0.05) protein content than those fed the SBM-based diet. It was concluded that HFCM had lower total tract nutrient digestion coefficients and DE content compared with canola meal. Incorporation of HFCM in dairy rations up to 100 g kg−1 of the ration had no adverse effect on milk yield or milk composition compared with canola meal. Key words: High fiber, canola meal, total tract digestibility, lactation

The use of short-term secretion rate measurements for estimating the milk production of suckler cows

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. L. P. Le Du ◽  
R. D. Baker ◽  
J. M. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Secretion Rate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Good Agreement

SummaryTwo experiments with dairy cows and one with suckler cows and their calves were conducted to examine the use of secretion rate measurements for estimating total milk production. In the first experiment both 4- and 6- h intervals between measurements gave similar estimates of total 7-d milk yield. The second experiment compared estimated and measured milk composition as well as yield. Milk and solids-not-fat yields were underestimated with dairy cows as a result of an extended milking interval before measurement. However, fat yield was overestimated, indicating that all residual milk was not removed at the first oxytocinaided milking. It was concluded that for the beef cow, previous interval effects would be eliminated by the frequency of calf suckling, but that residual milk effects might cause a 3–6% and a 16% overestimation of milk and fat yields respectively.In the third experiment, the milk yield of suckler cows was estimated from measurements of secretion rate and from changes in calf weight; good agreement was obtained provided there were at least 3 consecutive controlled sucklings.

Effect of parity on changes in udder traits, milk yield and composition of West African dwarf sheep during lactation

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. O. Adegoke ◽  
N. S. Machebe ◽  
A. G. Ezekwe ◽  
O. B. Agaviezor
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
West African ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Length Width ◽  
West African Dwarf Sheep ◽  
Dwarf Sheep

Twelve West African Dwarf sheep, comprising four ewes in each of the Parities 1, 2 and 3, were used to determine the effect of parity on udder traits during lactation, milk yield and composition. Udder length, udder width, udder circumference, udder volume, teat length, teat width, teat circumference, distance between the teats and teat height from the ground of sheep were measured in centimetres (cm) weekly for 12 weeks of lactation, commencing from Day 4 postpartum. Parity highly influenced (P < 0.05) udder traits, except udder volume (P > 0.05). The udder length, width and circumference were higher (P < 0.05) in Parity-3 ewes than Parity-1 and -2 ewes. A similar trend was shown for teat length, width and circumference. Parity had no effect (P > 0.05) on udder volume, but significantly (P > 0.05) affected distance between the teats and teat height from the ground. With the exception of udder volume, all traits peaked by the 3rd week of lactation, and gradually declined thereafter. Milk yield and milk weight peaked by the 3rd week postpartum and these were higher for ewes in Parity 3. Milk yield and milk weight declined faster in ewes in Parities 1 and 2 than they did in Parity-3 ewes (P < 0.05) as lactation length increased. In regard to milk composition, moisture, protein and fat, but not total solid, solid-not-fat and lactose, were greater (P < 0.05) in Parity-3 ewes both at peak milk yield (3rd week of lactation) and end of lactation. From these findings, we conclude that parity type plays a significant role in influencing udder traits, milk yield and milk quality in ewes.

scholarly journals Connection of somatic cell count and milk yield as well as composition in dairy ewes

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
J. Olechnowicz ◽  
Z. Sobek ◽  
J. M. Jaśkowski ◽  
P. Antosik ◽  
D. Bukowska
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Dairy Ewes ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Daily Milk

Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of somatic cell count (SCC) on milk yield and composition using a threshold value of 250 ∙103 cells/ml in dairy ewes of line 05. A total of 1 512 milk samples from udder halves were collected throughout milking periods at monthly intervals. In the present study milk composition (from halves of the udder) and daily milk yield (from udders) was examined in terms of SCC in ewe milk in three groups: from both halves of the udder below 250 ∙103 cells/ml, from one halves of the udder below 250 ∙103 cells/ml and from second half udder above 250 ∙103 cells/ml and from both halves of the udder above 250 ∙103 cells/ml. Milk yield from udders, somatic cell count in milk samples from udder halves and milk composition depended on the level of SCC recorded for halves of the udder. Somatic cell counts in milk from one or both halves of udders exceeding 250 ∙103 cells/ ml resulted in a statistically significant (P<0.01) decrease in daily milk production of ewes, by approx. 15.89 and 30.22 %, respectively. The analysis of variance showed also a significant effect of parity and stage of lactation of ewes on somatic cell count (log SCC) and milk composition from udder halves below 250 ∙103 cells/ml.

scholarly journals Associations of periparturient β-hydroxybutyric acid and non-esterified fatty acids blood serum concentrations with milk yield, milk composition and milk somatic cells count of intensively managed Chios dairy ewes

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Karagiannis ◽  
C. Brozos ◽  
E. Kiossis ◽  
C. Boscos ◽  
G. Fthenakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Hydroxybutyric Acid ◽  
Dairy Ewes ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Intensive System

This Research Paper addresses the hypothesis whether in dairy ewes: periparturient β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations are associated with milk yield, composition and udder halves with increased somatic cell counts (SCC ≥ 0.5 × 106 cells/mL). A total of 186 Chios ewes reared under intensive system were used for this research. Serum BHBA and NEFA concentrations were measured before lambing (-30d,  -15d), and BHBA concentrations after lambing (+7d, +15d, +30d, +45d). Milk samples were collected at 15, 30 and 45days in milk (DIM). Total milk yield (MY) of the first 30, 60 and 90 DIM and total fortnightly milk yield (FMY) produced from 15 to 59 DIM were recorded. Positive associations between BHBA at +7d and MY of the first 30, 60 and 90 DIM were revealed (P < 0.001). For every increased unit of BHBA at +15d, +30d and +45d, FMY was decreased (DIM: 15 – 29 and 30 – 44) (P = 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively) or increased (DIM: 45 – 59) (P < 0.001). BHBA before lambing (-30d, -15d) affected the number of halves presented SCC ≥ 0.5 × 106 cells/mL at 15 and 30 DIM (P = 0.011, P = 0.014, P = 0.009, P = 0.096, respectively). Finally, for every increased unit of BHBA during lactation (+15d, +30d, +45d) a decrease in the concentration of milk in proteins, solids not fat and lactose was noted (P < 0.001). This work demonstrates the associations of periparturient blood biochemical parameters (BHBA, NEFA) with milk yield and specific milk production characteristics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Milk Yield and Milk Composition of Honamlı Goats

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 2747
Author(s):  
AA AKBAŞ ◽  
F TAŞÇI ◽  
Ö ELMAZ ◽  
M SAATCI
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Freezing Point Depression ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts

The aim of this study was to determine the milk yield and milk composition (total solids, fat, protein and lactose), freezing point depressionand somatic cell counts of Honamlı goat during second lactationin Turkey. The animal material of the study consisted of a total of 30 goat. Total milk yield was detected by using Fleischmann’s method. Milk composition was analyzed by Bentley 150, and somatic cells were counted by Bentley Somacount FC. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the effect of lactation stages on milk yield and milk composition. In the study, mean lactation period and lactation milk yield of Honamlı goat were detected as 202.4 days, and 92.6 kg, respectively. The percentages of fat, protein, lactose, total solid, freezing point depression, and somatic cell counts /mL of milk were 2.4%, 4.2%, 5.1%, 12.7%, -0.57 °C, 82.8 and 2.9%, 4.2%, 4.7%, 12.7%, -0.59 °C, 483 on the 60th and 120thlactation day respectively. Total solids, fat, and protein values significantly increased especially towards the end of lactation (P <0.05). Lactose value decreased slowly from the beginning to the end of lactation. The somatic cell counts increased in milk particularly at the end of lactation (P < 0.05). The freezing point depression remained stable throughout lactation. It was thought that results of study were important representing the second lactation milk production of Honamlı goats that is one of the native goat breeds of Turkey.

294 Effect of Supplementing Rumen-protected Methionine on Production, Apparent Digestibility and Economic Effectiveness in Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 159-159
Author(s):  
Jialin Wei ◽  
Zhijun Cao ◽  
Yuanxiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Economic Effectiveness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Dairy Cows

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of reducing dietary crude protein (CP) levels and supplementing rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on production, apparent digestibility of nutrients and economic effectiveness of lactating Holstein cows. A total of 96 (60 ± 7 d in milk; 34.39 ± 5.74 kg/d of milk production; mean ± SD) lactating Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: diet containing 17.3% CP without RPM (control group; CON); diet containing 16.4% CP with supplementing 15.0 g/d of RPM (treatment group; RPM). All the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of SAS (SAS version 9.2, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.). No effects were observed of reducing dietary CP on somatic cell counts, milk yield and milk composition including fat, protein, lactose, total solid, solids-not-fat and milk urea nitrogen. The total apparent digestibility of nutrients was similar between treatments, while RPM group had higher calcium digestion (44.24% vs. 42.75% ± 10.13%) and phosphorus digestion (48.50% vs. 45.96% ± 12.90%) numerically. In addition, supplying the diet of 16.4% CP with RPM supplementation to cows could reduce feeding cost by 0.5 $/d per cow and boost net profits. In conclusion, lower dietary CP with RPM supplementation did not limit milk yield, milk composition and apparent digestibility of nutrients, and also could improve the economic benefits of the dairy farms.

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