Use of the DeLaval cell counter (DCC) on goats' milk

2007 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Berry ◽  
Jennifer Broughan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Methyl Green ◽  
Dairy Production ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Cell Counter ◽  
Significant Factors

Milk quality is measured by a variety of parameters and one of these is the number of somatic cells in the milk. Within the bovine dairy industry there are maximum acceptable levels on bulk milk cell counts and these are being introduced into caprine dairy production. The reference method for cell counting in goats is the direct microscope (DM) method using pyronin Y-methyl green stain, which stains cell DNA. The use of the DeLaval cell counter (DCC) on goats' milk was compared with this reference method. Samples from 102 udder halves were cell counted using the direct microscope method and the DeLaval cell counter (DCC). Each sample was counted twice by two different observers by the DM method and once using DCC. DCC showed large coefficients of regression (1·03) and correlation (0·95) when compared with the DM cell count (F1,199=1080·0; P<0·001). Goat, udder half and reader type were significant factors.

scholarly journals The Graphical Representation of Cell Count Representation; a New Procedure for the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 346
Author(s):  
Bernd Fink ◽  
Marius Hoyka ◽  
Elke Weissbarth ◽  
Philipp Schuster ◽  
Irina Berger
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Wear Particles ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Joint Infections ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Matrix Assessment ◽  
Wbc Count

Aim: This study was designed to answer the question whether a graphical representation increase the diagnostic value of automated leucocyte counting of the synovial fluid in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). Material and methods: Synovial aspirates from 322 patients (162 women, 160 men) with revisions of 192 total knee and 130 hip arthroplasties were analysed with microbiological cultivation, determination of cell counts and assay of the biomarker alpha-defensin (170 cases). In addition, microbiological and histological analysis of the periprosthetic tissue obtained during the revision surgery was carried out using the ICM classification and the histological classification of Morawietz and Krenn. The synovial aspirates were additionally analysed to produce dot plot representations (LMNE matrices) of the cells and particles in the aspirates using the hematology analyser ABX Pentra XL 80. Results: 112 patients (34.8%) had an infection according to the ICM criteria. When analysing the graphical LMNE matrices from synovia cell counting, four types could be differentiated: the type “wear particles” (I) in 28.3%, the type “infection” (II) in 24.8%, the “combined” type (III) in 15.5% and “indeterminate” type (IV) in 31.4%. There was a significant correlation between the graphical LMNE-types and the histological types of Morawietz and Krenn (p < 0.001 and Cramer test V value of 0.529). The addition of the LMNE-Matrix assessment increased the diagnostic value of the cell count and the cut-off value of the WBC count could be set lower by adding the LMNE-Matrix to the diagnostic procedure. Conclusion: The graphical representation of the cell count analysis of synovial aspirates is a new and helpful method for differentiating between real periprosthetic infections with an increased leukocyte count and false positive data resulting from wear particles. This new approach helps to increase the diagnostic value of cell count analysis in the diagnosis of PJI.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LEUKOCYTE COUNTS IN BULK MILK AND APPARENT QUARTER INFECTIONS IN DAIRY HERDS

1971 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 517-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Postle ◽  
R. P. Natzke ◽  
R. W. Everett
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
New York State ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Strip Plate ◽  
Leukocyte Counts

Bulk tank milk samples and quarter samples from 15,982 cows were collected from 285 herds enrolled in the New York State Mastitis Control Program. Culture and strip-plate examination findings from quarter samples were correlated with bulk milk cell counts. A correlation of 0.50 was found between percent quarters yielding mastitis pathogens and bulk milk cell counts. A correlation of 0.51 was found between percent quarters producing abnormal secretions and bulk milk cell counts. These relationships indicated the bulk milk cell count was not a reliable measure of herd infection or prevalence of abnormal secretion. The most prominent trend in a relationship between pathogens and increased bulk milk cell count was found for Streptococcus agalactiae and a lesser relationship between staphylococci and increased bulk milk cell count. Herds classified as having low bulk milk cell counts produced an average of 1,759 lb. of milk more than herds with high bulk milk cell counts. Only three milking and management practices were found to be associated with bulk milk cell counts.

Influence of elevated somatic cell count on casein distribution and cheese-making

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali E. Ali ◽  
Anthony T. Andrews ◽  
Gordon C. Cheeseman
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Cheese Making ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Soluble Phase ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryThe effects of increased somatic cell count, whether caused by infection or by experimental infusion of bacterial endotoxin, on the distribution in milk of caseins between the micellar and soluble forms were investigated. The relationship of somatic cell count to some cheese-making parameters was also studied. With quite modestly elevated cell counts (2–3 × 106/ml) increases of up to 37% in total casein in the soluble phase were observed, most of which was contributed by β-casein, while κ- and αs1-caseins increased only slightly. With storage at 4°C, the concentrations of all the caseins, Ca and phosphate in the soluble phase increased substantially during the first 48 h, but this was followed by a slight decline on further storage. Rennet clotting time, losses of fat in whey, curd moisture, and losses in curd yield and rigidity were all greater the higher the somatic count. Clear differences were detectable in these parameters between milks of very low cell count (e.g. 5 × 104 cells/ml) and milks with counts more typical of those found in bulk supplies (e.g. about 5 × 105 cells/ml). If these findings can be reproduced in commercial practice even a modest reduction in bulk milk somatic cell counts might be expected to bring definite benefits.

Particles in bulk milk capable of causing falsely high electronic cell counts

1982 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. Hill ◽  
Kenneth G. Hibbitt ◽  
Jonathon Davies
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Normal Cell ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Casein Micelles ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Milking Machine

SUMMARYBulk milk with an apparently high electronic cell count (ECC) was found to have a normal cell count when the latter was determined directly with a microscope or when cell nuclei were counted with a Fossomatic apparatus. Particles in the form of collapsed spheres formed by aggregated casein micelles were found in bulk milk which accounted for the falsely high ECC values. The ECC value agreed with the values obtained by the other methods if the milk was heated to 55 °C for 15 min before fixation. The shape of the particles and the fact that they were only present after the milk had passed through the milking machine suggested that they may be produced as vacuum vacuoles arising from cavitation in the pump.

scholarly journals Ontario Bulk Milk Somatic Cell Count Reduction Program. 2. Dynamics of Bulk Milk Somatic Cell Counts

1992 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 3359-3366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ynte H. Schukken ◽  
K.E. Leslie ◽  
A.J. Weersink ◽  
S.W. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Milk ◽  
Reduction Program

Comparison of the Automated with the Semi-Automatic Coulter Counter Method and the Direct Microscopic Somatic Cell Count (DMSCC) on Raw Milk Samples1

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. GINN ◽  
V. S. PACKARD ◽  
D. R. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counter ◽  
Electronic Cell Counter

The automatic Milk Cell Counter (MCC) and semi-automatic electronic cell counter (ESCC) of Coulter Electronics were compared with each other and with the direct microscopic cell count (DMSCC) on raw milk samples with various cell counts. The average DMSCC count on 241 samples of milk with Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT) results of 22 mm and higher was 55,000 cells/ml above the average MCC count when calibrated to a 4.4-μm minimum particle diameter. This difference is statistically significant at the 1% level. On 24 different raw milk samples of widely varying somatic cell count analyzed in replicate six times per sample, the standard deviations for replicate samples were 34,300, 34,900 and 136,000 for the MCC, ESCC and DMSCC, respectively. For these tests, the MCC had been calibrated to a 4.3-μm minimum particle diameter. The average difference between counts by the MCC and ESCC methods was only 6080/ml, but this was statistically significant at the 5% level. The average MCC count with the equipment set at 4.3-μm minimum particle diameter was 58,000 above the average DMSCC count.

A PROCEDURE TO MINIMIZE DIFFERENCES IN EXPECTED COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION IN THE DIRECT MICROSCOPIC SOMATIC CELL COUNT

1969 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 477-479
Author(s):  
W. D. Schultze ◽  
J. W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Constant Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Number Of Cells

The Direct Microscopic Somatic Cell Count (DMSCC), developed to meet the need for a closely standardized reference method in an abnormal milk control program, requires the use of a specified single-band eyepiece reticle chosen to yield optimum precision for cell counts in the region of the Control limit. We have adapted the techniques of the DMSCC and the statistical model for its evaluation to mastitis research, in which quarter milk samples may require precise counting over an extreme range of cell concentrations. A special reticle provides a choice of 2 band widths, and 1, 2, or 4 strips are counted. The area of milk film to be examined differs for each of 6 Concentration ranges, identified by a preliminary estimation of cell density and by the count on the first strip. Except in the lowest range, in which the number of cells counted may be as low as 0, total cells counted vary only between 400 and 800 and the expected coefficient of variation between 5.0 and 3.5%. Above the maximum concentration of 18 × 106/ml a field-strip method extends the usable range to 70 × 106/ml at a constant coefficient of variation of 5.0%.

Preparation and Use of Somatic Cell Count Samples (SCCS) for Comparison of Milk Somatic Cell Counting Methods

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. LINTNER ◽  
A. L. LANGE ◽  
C. W. HEALD ◽  
R. J. EBERHART
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Coulter Counter ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Cell Content ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Counting Methods ◽  
Before And After

Somatic cell count samples (SCCS) for use in comparison of milk somatic cell counting methods were prepared from the cell sediment deposited in a creamery milk separator. Bovine milk somatic cells were resuspended from the sediment, and serial cell dilutions were prepared in bronopol-preserved milk diluent. Over a 1-year period, sets of SCCS were prepared each month and sent to milk-testing laboratories in the U.S.A., Canada and Europe, and counted by the methods in use at those Laboratories: (a) direct microscopic somatic cell count (DMSCC), (b) Fossomatic counter and (c) Coulter counter. Cell counts were normalized to eliminate the effect of month to month variation in the cell content of the SCCS. Counts obtained by the three methods were similar, although Coulter counter results tended to be lower, and significantly lower (P&lt; 0.05) in SCCS with cell counts greater than 700,000 cells/ml than those counts by the other two methods. The effect of shipping on SCCS stability was assessed for SCCS samples sent to and returned from other laboratories, and counted by the Fossomatic method on their return. Counts were similar before and after shipping, except that results for SCCS with cell counts greater than 1,000,000 cells/ml were significantly higher (P&lt;0.05) after their return.

scholarly journals Leukocyte Counts in Cerebrospinal Fluid with the Automated Hematology Analyzer CellDyn 3500 and the Urine Flow Cytometer UF-100

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Ziebig ◽  
Andreas Lun ◽  
Pranav Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Flow Cytometer ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Hematology Analyzer

Abstract Background: The counting of leukocytes and erythrocytes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is still performed microscopically, e.g., using a chamber in most laboratories. This requires sufficient practical experience, is time-consuming, and may constitute a problem in emergency diagnostics. Specific automated systems for CSF cell counting are not available at present. Methods: We tested the hematology analyzer CellDyn 3500 (CD) and the urine flow cytometer UF-100 (UF), which are not designed for CSF analysis. We studied &gt;104 samples with both analyzers, and the counts obtained were compared with the reference method (Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber). Results: Good linearity in the medically relevant range of 15 × 106 to 1000 × 106 leukocytes/L and a high degree of within-run accuracy were seen for both analyzers. Cell counting on the UF was excellent, especially when low cell counts were encountered (CV, 4.9% compared with 28% observed for the CD). Method comparison showed that identical results could be detected for a majority of the count pairs. For a few samples, there was a discrepancy between the results from the analyzers and the counting chamber. In most cases, these were CSF samples containing a high proportion of lymphocytes. For these samples, the CD result led to a false-positive high leukocyte count, and on the UF these cells were not allocated to the leukocyte population, thus leading to false-negative counts. Conclusions: Both analyzers should not be used for CSF cell counting in all cases at present. However, once the technical and software problems have been solved, routine use of the two analyzers for CSF analysis should be seriously contemplated.

Somatic Cell Reference Samples for Calibration of Milk Somatic Cell Counting Methods

1984 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 694-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. LINTNER ◽  
C. W. HEALD ◽  
R. J. EBERHART
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Counting Methods ◽  
Raw Bulk Milk

Somatic cell count samples (SCCS) for use in calibration of milk somatic cell counting methods were prepared from raw bulk milk preserved with potassium dichromate. Somatic cells were separated by centrifugation, then appropriate cell dilutions were prepared in the dichromate-preserved skim milk. Somatic cell counts from SCCS stored at 4°C were stable over a 23-wk period. No bacterial contamination was detected in these samples. In a collaborative study among eight laboratories, SCCS were not affected by usual conditions by shipping. The SCCS can be used as reference standards for the direct microscopic somatic cell count and the Fossomatic and Coulter Counter somatic cell counting methods.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document