Fatty acid profile of the milk of cows reared in the mountain region of Poland

An appropriate composition of milk fatty acids (FA) improves the nutritional value of milk and milk products, and improves milk processing. Polish dairy farms in the mountainous region are rather small, animal nutrition there is based on locally produced forages and this, together with the transitional climate zone brings about seasonal changes in FA composition of milk. The aim of the study was to evaluate the composition of FA in bovine milk fat in relation to fat intake in forages and their FA profiles. The study involved 5 herds reared in low-input mountain farms located at an altitude of 670–780 m above sea level (Beskid Mountains). The cows were fed forages produced locally. FAs in forages and milk samples were subjected to gas chromatography. Highest fat intake observed in grazing season (4·2–4·7%) and high amounts of polyunsaturated FA in forages from that period (51·8–64·1 g/100 g FA) resulted in a markedly high content of valuable FAs:t-11C18:1 (3·22 g/100 g FA),c-9, t-11C18:2 (CLA; 1·20 g/100 g FA) in milk. Lower fat intake of forages containing high amount of SFA (32·42–38·83 g/100 g FA) in the indoor period resulted in changes in milk composition. The content of total short-chain saturated FA (SCFA) was highest in winter and early spring samples (14·10 and 13·44 g/100 g FA, respectively), like the amounts of myristic C14:0 and palmitic C16:0 acids (11·80 and 37·92 g/100 g FA). Total odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA; 6·58 g/100 g FA) content was highest at the beginning of the grazing period. Fresh grass consumed by cows promoted the activity of Δ9-desaturase in mammary gland as evidenced by higher C14:1 : C14:0 (0·054) and C16:1 : C16:0 (0·026) ratios in grazing than in the indoor periods.

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1333 Changes in milk odd and branched-chain fatty acids during induction and recovery from biohydrogenation-induced milk fat depression

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jam2016-1333 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽

pp. 643-643

Author(s):

E. Palmer ◽

M. Baldin ◽

D. E. Rico ◽

K. J. Harvatine

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Milk Fat Depression ◽

Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Branched Chain ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Relationship between milk odd and branched-chain fatty acids and urinary purine derivatives in dairy cows supplemented with quebracho tannins—A study to test milk fatty acids as predictors of rumen microbial protein synthesis

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.01.016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 22-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. Castro-Montoya ◽

A. Henke ◽

J. Molkentin ◽

K. Knappstein ◽

A. Susenbeth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Protein Synthesis ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Microbial Protein ◽

Purine Derivatives ◽

Milk Fatty Acids ◽

Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽

Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Branched Chain ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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Odd- and branched-chain fatty acids in milk fat – characteristic and health properties

Postępy Higieny i Medycyny Doświadczalnej ◽

10.5604/17322693.1118188 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 68 ◽

pp. 998-1007 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Agata Adamska ◽

Jarosława Rutkowska

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Branched Chain ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

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The effect of ruminal fluid pH on milk fatty acids composition in cattle

Annals of Animal Science ◽

10.2478/aoas-2021-0063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Jolanta Komisarek ◽

Barbara Stefańska ◽

Włodzimierz Nowak

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Bovine Milk ◽

Future Research ◽

Milk Fatty Acids ◽

Ruminal Fluid ◽

Ruminal Ph ◽

Rumen Ph ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Fat Composition

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of ruminal fluid pH on the fatty acids (FA) profile of bovine milk. The experiment was performed on 250 Polish Holstein-Friesian cows reared in 11 commercial high-yielding dairy farms. Ruminal fluid samples were collected by rumenocentesis, and fat and FA concentrations in milk were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. According to ruminal fluid pH, cows were categorized into three pH groups: high pH (pH > 5.8), moderate pH (pH 5.8–5.6), and low pH (pH < 5.6). Milk produced by low-rumen pH cows had a decreased fat content as compared to milk from moderate- and high-rumen pH cows (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, milk from low-rumen pH cows was characterized by the lowest level of short-chain FA (SCFA; P ≤ 0.05), and consequently, the highest medium-chain FA to SCFA ratio (P ≤ 0.01). The regression analysis showed that these traits explained a small proportion of rumen pH variance, which makes them unreliable indicators of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in dairy cows. However, despite the extensive variability in milk fat composition observed in this study, the effect of ruminal pH on SCFA in all the analyzed herds showed the same trend. Future research aimed to identify SARA biomarkers should therefore be conducted using techniques that allow detection of more individual FA in milk, including SCFA.

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Milk Odd and Branched Chain Fatty Acids in Dairy Cows: A Review on Dietary Factors and its Consequences on Human Health

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11113210 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 3210

Author(s):

Sidi Ka Amar Abdoul-Aziz ◽

Yangdong Zhang ◽

Jiaqi Wang

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Primary Source ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

The Body ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Milk Fatty Acids ◽

Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Branched Chain ◽

Chain Fatty Acids

This review highlights the importance of odd and branched chain fatty acids (OBCFAs) and dietary factors that may affect the content of milk OBCFAs in dairy cows. Historically, OBCFAs in cow milk had little significance due to their low concentrations compared to other milk fatty acids (FAs). The primary source of OBCFAs is ruminal bacteria. In general, FAs and OBCFAs profile in milk is mainly affected by dietary FAs and FAs metabolism in the rumen. Additionally, lipid mobilization in the body and FAs metabolism in mammary glands affect the milk OBCFAs profile. In cows, supplementation with fat rich in linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid decrease milk OBCFAs content, whereas supplementation with marine algae or fish oil increase milk OBCFAs content. Feeding more forage rather than concentrate increases the yield of some OBCFAs in milk. A high grass silage rate in the diet may increase milk total OBCFAs. In contrast to saturated FAs, OBCFAs have beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases and type II diabetes. Furthermore, OBCFAs may have anti-cancer properties and prevent Alzheimer’s disease and metabolic syndrome.

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PSXI-3 Genome-wide association study for MIR-predicted milk fatty acids composition in Russian Holstein cattle population

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 245-246

Author(s):

Alexander A Sermyagin ◽

Irina Lashneva ◽

Larisa P Ignatieva ◽

Alexander Kositsin ◽

Elena Gladyr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Genome Wide Association Study ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Holstein Cattle ◽

Cattle Population ◽

Milk Fatty Acids ◽

Selection Processes ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Cattle Management

Abstract Milk fatty acids (FA) derived from infrared spectra are a new type of traits that allow fast and predictability use their in dairy breeding and herd cattle management. The Holstein animals feature are the high milk yield, but milk composition traits can be different according to population or country origin. The purpose of our study was to find out genetic variation for milk FA and detect QTLs associated with Holstein sires’ EBV in Russian cattle population. For this analysis, we used an experimental dataset for 36982 milk test records from 14 breeding herds in the Moscow region. Individual milk samples per animal analyzed routinely by MilkoScan7 for different FA types: C14:0, C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, saturated, mono- and polyunsaturated, short-, medium- and long-chain. Total number of bulls consisted 778 individuals including 222 animals with genotypes (39051 SNP, Illumina 50K). For calculating EBV by Sire Model, we applied BLUPF90. Plink 1.90 performed quality check control and GWAS procedure. Heritability coefficients were 0.071–0.155 for C14:0-C18:0 levels, 0.196 for C18:1, 0.083 for SFA, 0.018 for PUFA, 0.176 for MUFA, 0.114–0.155 for SCFA-LCFA levels. GWAS revealed most significant (P < 0.001-0.00001) frequently QTLs associated with FA content that were cited in articles previously for BTA5 (CHST11,C18:1), BTA6 (KCNIP4,C18:1; PPRAGC1A,C18:0), BTA11 (NRXN1,LPIN1,C18:1; NBAS,C18:0), BTA26 (PCDH15,PUFA; PRKG1,C18:1). These genes were responsible for synthesis milk fat, fertility, udder conformation traits, lauric, myristic, myristoleic, palmatoleic, oleic and other types of FA. In addition, we identified several QTLs for C14:0, C16:0, SFA, MUFA, SCFA, LCFA on BTA1 (137.32 Mb), BTA10 (5.50 Mb, 9.79 Mb), BTA14 (44.35 Mb), BTA19 (17.57–17.89 Mb) and BTA22 (14.02–14.06 Mb, 20.29–20.45 Mb). Our results are the first steps toward to understanding genetic and genomic mechanisms for using FA in selection processes to improve milk quality for Holstein cattle in Russia. The study was funded by RSF (project No. 21-76-20046)

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Branched chain fatty acids positional distribution in human milk fat and common human food fats and uptake in human intestinal cells

Journal of Functional Foods ◽

10.1016/j.jff.2016.12.024 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 172-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Yuanyuan Yan ◽

Zhen Wang ◽

Xingguo Wang ◽

Yue Wang ◽

Jingying Xiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Human Milk ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Positional Distribution ◽

Intestinal Cells ◽

Human Food ◽

Branched Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Branched Chain ◽

Human Milk Fat ◽

Human Intestinal Cells

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Productive Performance, Milk Composition and Milk Fatty Acids of Goats Supplemented with Sunflower and Linseed Whole Seeds in Grass Silage-Based Diets

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10071143 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1143 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez ◽

Carlos Alberto García Montes de Oca ◽

Nazario Pescador Salas ◽

Julieta G. Estrada Flores ◽

José Romero Bernal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Milk Fat ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Latin Square ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Productive Performance ◽

Milk Fatty Acids ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Concentrate Mixture

The objective of this study was to determine productive performance, milk composition and milk fatty acids (FA) of goats supplemented with sunflower and linseed whole seeds in grass silage-based diets. Nine Alpine goats were grouped in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design (n = 3), that included three 21-d periods. Treatments were based on grass silage offered ad libitum and a concentrate mixture supplemented with either 40 g/d of Megalac-R® (control), 80 g/d of sunflower seed (SF), or 80 g/d of linseed (LS). Dry matter intake (1292 ± 14.0 g/d) and digestibility (g/kg) of dry matter (640 ± 32.1), organic matter (668 ± 32.4), neutral detergent fiber (628 ± 41.4) and acid detergent fiber (567 ± 60.9) was not affected by treatments (p > 0.05). Treatment did not affect milk fat yield (39.9 ± 1.24 g/d), protein content (4.5 ± 0.03 %) and protein yield (34.7 ± 1.22 g/d). Compared to control, SF and LS, decreased C16:0 (28.2 vs. 23.1 and 22.4 g/100 g), and increased total C18:1 (24.1 vs. 27.6 and 28.4 g/100 g) respectively. Overall, SF and LS resulted an effective strategy for altering the FA composition of goat´s milk towards a healthier profile for humans without deleterious effects on animal performance.

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