An Appreciation, on the Occasion of his 90th Birthday, of Academician K. I. Skrjabin: Founder of the Soviet Helminthological School

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
N. P. Schikhobalova

On December 7th, 1968, Academician K. I. Skrjabin celebrated his ninetieth birthday and completed 63 years of his scientific career. From humble beginnings as a student of Veterinary Medicine and Natural History at Juriev University where he qualified in the year 1905, he has traversed the long path which led him to become a very distinguished scientist with an international reputation and one of the outstanding helminthologists of all time. His interest in helminthology began during his veterinary work in Central Asia where he made extensive collections of helminths from all groups of vertebrate animals. These he studied from 1912 to 1914 under the guidance of European specialists in helminthology, viz, with Professors Braun and Lühe of Germany, with Professor Fuhrmann of Switzerland and with Professors Railliet and Henry of France. His studies and publications at this time inaugurated Skrjabin as an erudite and accomplished helminthologist and his master's thesis, submitted in 1916, entitled: “Contributions to the characteristics of the helminth fauna of domestic animals in Turkestan” was a brilliant piece of work. In this he emphasised the necessity of establishing special chairs of parasitology and infectious diseases at Veterinary Institutes and Medical Faculties of Universities. A year later the first chair of parasitology was established, at the Novocherkassk Veterinary Institute, and Skrjabin was appointed to it, thus becoming the first professor of parasitology in the country.

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Hodgkinson ◽  
John E. Whittaker

ABSTRACT: In spite of his many other interests, Edward Heron-Allen also worked for nearly 50 years as a scientist on minute shelled protists, called foraminifera, much of it in an unpaid, unofficial capacity at The Natural History Museum, London, and notably in collaboration with Arthur Earland. During this career he published more than 70 papers and obtained several fellowships, culminating in 1919 in his election to the Royal Society. Subsequently, he bequeathed his foraminiferal collections and fine library to the Museum, and both are housed today in a room named in his honour. In this paper, for the first time, an assessment of his scientific accomplishments is given, together with a full annotated bibliography of his publications held in the Heron-Allen Library. This is part of a project to produce a bibliography of his complete publications, recently initiated by the Heron-Allen Society.


Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Paolo Bonilauri ◽  
Gianluca Rugna

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a well-known group of viruses in veterinary medicine. We currently know four genera of Coronavirus, alfa, beta, gamma, and delta. Wild, farmed, and pet animals are infected with CoVs belonging to all four genera. Seven human respiratory coronaviruses have still been identified, four of which cause upper-respiratory-tract diseases, specifically, the common cold, and the last three that have emerged cause severe acute respiratory syndromes, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. In this review we briefly describe animal coronaviruses and what we actually know about SARS-CoV-2 infection in farm and domestic animals.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana G. Serrato López ◽  
Juan J. Montesinos Montesinos ◽  
Santiago R. Anzaldúa Arce

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated from the endometrium of humans, mice, cows, pigs and ewes. Typically, these cells are detected in the deep regions of the endometrium, closer to the union with the myometrium. MSCs possess characteristics such as clonogenicity and multipotentiality since they can differentiate in vitro into adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. These cells can be induced to differentiate in vitro not only into the mesodermal lineage but also into the endodermal and ectodermal lineages. Therefore, MSCs show a great regenerative capacity for various organs and tissues, including the endometrium. Some advantages of endometrial MSCs compared with other MSC sources are their immune modulating activity, their ease of obtainment, and the amount of sample that may be collected. The study of endometrial MSCs in domestic animals is a new and promising field because increasing our understanding of the physiology and biology of these cells may lead to a better understanding of the physiopathology of reproductive diseases, and the development of treatment methods for infertility problems. In other veterinary medicine fields, MSCs can be used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, cardiac affections, musculoskeletal and articular lesions, muscle degeneration, type 1 diabetes, urinary tract diseases, neurodegenerative processes and tumours. Finally, MSCs are also an important clinical tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The aim of this review is to present an updated outlook of the knowledge regarding endometrial MSCs and their possible applications in veterinary medicine.Figure 1: Immunoregulatory ability of MSCs. MSCs regulate the functions of NK cells, dendritic cells (DC) and T lymphocytes. The immunosuppressive effect may occur through the secretion of different factors or through cellular contact (black arrows). The former pathway involves TGFß, HGF, IL-10, PGE2, and HLA-G5, whereas the latter pathway involves the products of IDO enzyme activity, PD-L1, HLA-G1, ICAM-I and VCAM-I. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-?) secreted by NK cells and activated T lymphocytes favour the immunoregulatory activity of MSCs (dotted lines), because they increase or induce the secretion of molecules that regulate the functions of the distinct cellular components of the immune system. Modified from Montesinos et al, and Ma et al.19,66


2019 ◽  
pp. 13-18

CARACTERES EPIDÉRMICOS FOLIARES DE PLANTAS ORNAMENTALES, TÓXICAS PARA ANIMALES DOMÉSTICOS. LEAF EPIDERMAL CHARACTERS OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS, TOXIC FOR DOMESTIC ANIMALS. Patricia Nasca de Zamora DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2009.0003/ RESUMEN El tejido epidérmico de los vegetales presenta un diseño característico para cada especie, de manera que muchas plantas pueden reconocerse a través de su estudio microscópico. Además, este tejido resiste el pasaje por el tracto digestivo de los animales, permaneciendo prácticamente inalterable. Basados en este hecho, los investigadores Baungartder y Martin (1939) idearon la técnica microhistológica, que consiste en estudiar la composición botánica de la dieta de animales herbívoros a través del análisis microscópico de fragmentos de epidermis vegetales encontrados en la materia fecal de los mismos. A lo largo de los años, el uso de esta técnica se extendió ampliamente, adaptándose a diferentes objetivos, tanto ecológicos como económicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo, que se llevó a cabo en la provincia de Tucumán, República Argentina, es describir las epidermis foliares de cuatro especies ornamentales tóxicas, a fin de aportar datos para la confección de una clave dicotómica de identificación de las mismas, para ser usada como elemento de diagnóstico en medicina veterinaria. Se extrajeron en laboratorio - con diversas técnicas - epidermis foliares de Evonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, Ficus benjamina y Vinca difformis; especies ornamentales citadas como tóxicas en la bibliografía veterinaria y cultivadas habitualmente en jardines particulares y espacios públicos de la Provincia. Se confeccionaron preparados microscópicos permanentes, se tomaron registros fotográficos y se describieron las características epidérmicas de cada especie, teniendo en cuenta la forma de las células, la presencia o ausencia de estomas, presencia de tricomas, tipos de estomas, tipos de tricomas, etc. Hedera helix y Vinca difformis presentan células epidérmicas de contorno lobulado, mientras que las células epidérmicas de Evonymus japonicus. y Ficus benjamina son isodiamétricas y poligonales. Las cuatro especies descriptas presentan estomas sólo en la zona internerval de la cara abaxial de sus hojas. Se encontraron tricomas simples solamente en la zona nerval de la epidermis adaxial de Vinca difformis, las demás epidermis son completamente glabras. Los caracteres encontrados en las especies estudiadas y volcados en las descripciones, constituyen un aporte de utilidad para la confección de una clave dicotómica de indentificación de estas plantas tóxicas a través de sus epidermis. Palabras clave: epidermis foliar, plantas ornamentales, tóxicas, medicina veterinaria. ABSTRACT The epidermal tissue of the vegetables presents a typical design for every species so that many plants can be recognized across its microscopic study. In addition, it resists the passage for the digestive tract of the animals, remaining practically inalterable. Based on this fact, Baungartder and Martin (1939) designed the microhistological technique, which consists of studying botanical composition of diet of herbivorous animals across the microscopic analysis of plant´s epidermis fragments found in the fecal matter. Throughout the years, the use of this technique spread widely, adapting to different aims, both ecological and economic. The aim of the present work, realized in Tucumán's province, Argentina, is to characterize epidermis of ornamental, toxic plants for domestic animals, in order to be used as element of diagnosis in veterinary medicine. Epidermis of Evonymus japonicus, Hedera helix, Ficus benjamina and Vinca difformis were extracted in laboratory. All of them are ornamental species, mentioned like toxic in the bibliography veterinary and cultivated habitually in particular gardens and public spaces of the Province. They were made prepared microscopic permanent, photographic records took and there were described the epidermal characteristics of every species, bearing in mind the form of the cells, the presence or absence of stomata and trichomes, and types of stomata and trichomes. Hedera helix and Vinca difformis present lobulated epidermal cells, whereas Evonymus japonicus and Ficus benjamina ones are isodiametrics and polygonal. Four species present stomata only in the internerval zone of abaxial epidermis. They were trichomes only in the nerval zone of adaxial epidermis of Vinca difformis. The epidermal characters found in the studied species, constitute an usefull contribution for the confection of a dichotomous indentification key of these toxic plants. Keywords: epidermis, ornamental toxic plants, veterinary medicine.


2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
KIT HEINTZMAN

AbstractIn the late eighteenth century, the Ecole vétérinaire d'Alfort was renowned for its innovative veterinary education and for having one of the largest natural history and anatomy collections in France. Yet aside from a recent interest in the works of one particular anatomist, the school's history has been mostly ignored. I examine here the fame of the school in eighteenth-century travel literature, the historic connection between veterinary science and natural history, and the relationship between the school's hospital and its esteemed cabinet. Using the correspondence papers of veterinary administrators, state representatives and competing scientific institutions during the French Revolution, I argue that resource constraints and the management of anatomical and natural history specimens produced new disciplinary boundaries between natural history, veterinary medicine and human medicine, while reinforcing geographic divisions between the local and the foreign in the study of non-human animals. This paper reconstructs theAncien Régimereasoning that veterinary students would benefit from a global perspective on animality, and the Revolutionary government's rejection of that premise. Under republicanism, veterinary medicine became domestic.


Author(s):  
Jovan Maksimovic ◽  
Marko Maksimovic

It was necessary for the first physicians to have the knowledge of plants, because phytotherapy was an integral part of medicine from the very beginning. For this reason, botany was a significant part of the curriculum at medical faculties in the XVIII and XIX century. Some professors at these faculties were known in international scientific circles as prominent botanists (P?l Kitaibel, August Kanitz, Giovanni Scopoli, Carl von Linn?, etc.). After the liberation from the Turkish rule, flora was insufficiently explored in the territory of today?s Vojvodina, which made it an interesting area for botanical studies undertaken by science professors from the universities in Vienna, Pest, and Cluj. A significant contribution to their scientific work was given by researchers from Srem, who in addition to their medical and pharmaceutical work practiced also botany. Some of them had their results published in publications and some became members of the European scientific natural history societies (Andreas Budai, Georgius Streim, Bartholom?us Emmanuel Godra, Mathias Kirchbaum, and Andreas Wolny).


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (Especial 2) ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
Jéssica Leite Fogaça ◽  
Michel de Campos Vettorato ◽  
Ariane Dantas ◽  
Vânia Maria Vasconcelos Machado ◽  
Marco Antônio Rodrigues Fernandes ◽  
...  

Nuclear medicine is a medical practice used to diagnose or treat some diseases. Pulmonary scintigraphy is one of the most common nuclear medicine exams in humans and domestic animals (dogs, cats and horses). Due to their differences, this work proposed to describe the performance of lung scintigraphy in human and veterinary medicine through the literature and present the main differences in the procedures performed in each species. For the preparation of this review were used books, periodicals, sites with online publications found in Google Scholar, Scielo, Bireme and Pubmed. Through the descriptions of pulmonary scintigraphy presented in this review, it was possible to identify the main differences among the analyzed species, such as dose utilization, use of chemical containment, the stages of the examination, isolation and adaptations present in the equipment used.


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 657-662
Author(s):  
Galina Dyakova

Testing of 203, first and second year female students, of all specialties, at the Economic, Agrarian and Veterinarian-medical Faculties, with the Tracian University – Stara Zagora town, has been carried out, including 22 female students, educated in English language, on the specialty Veterinary Medicine. The purpose of this investigation is to establish the knowledge of female students regarding elements and rules of football game. Testing, Theoretical, Alternative, Graphic and Comparative analyses of percentage have been applied, for settlement of the research purpose set. We have conducted Testing of 12 questions, for collecting the quantitative information for establishment of the knowledge of female students, concerning football game elements and rules. Results and analysis show that female students lack serious knowledge concerning the football game technique and rules. The results got, give us a reason to deem that the including of female football in the educational programme, on Physical education and sport in the Higher School would have a serious educational effect and would fill in the shortage of knowledge with the female students, concerning the technique and rules of the most popular game in the world.


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