scholarly journals Inter-hospital cross-infection of epidemic infantile gastro-enteritis associated with type strains of Bacterium coli

1951 ◽  
Vol 49 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 152-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Rogers ◽  
S. J. Koegler
Keyword(s):  
Cross Infection ◽  
Central Bureau ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Type Strains

Evidence of how epidemics of infantile gastro-enteritis can spread from one hospital to at least three other hospitals has been presented. Three such outbreaks are described, in two of which the α-type of Bact. coli, and in one the β-type of Bact. coli, were associated with the cases of enteritis.It is suggested that in hospitals which admit infants routine examination of the infants' faeces should be made to identify these types of Bact. coli, and that institutional epidemics of gastro-enteritis should be notified to a central bureau together with the cultural findings, so that the pooled knowledge could be redistributed to paediatric centres.The aetiological relationship between infantile gastro-enteritis and these type strains of Bact. coli is briefly discussed.

A study of cross-infection with type strains ofBacterium coli in gastro-enteritis wards

1954 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Anderson ◽  
Helen Crockatt ◽  
Constance A. C. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Cross Infection ◽  
Type Strains

scholarly journals The spread of infantile gastro-enteritis in a cubicled ward

1951 ◽  
Vol 49 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 140-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. B. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Cross Infection ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Intimate Association ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Type Strains

The type strains ofBact. coli, described by Bray (1945), Giles & Sangster (1948), Gileset al.(1949), Tayloret al.(1949), Smith (1949) and Rogers (1951b), because of their very intimate association with epidemic infantile gastro-enteritis, have been used as indicator organisms to show that the method of cross-infection of epidemic gastro-enteritis is very like that of the cross-infection of burns.It has been shown how a cubicle becomes widely contaminated within 18 hr. and that type strains ofBact. coliwill remain viable in dust for at least 27 days. Communal articles used throughout a ward are blamed for the inter-cubicle spread in a divided ward.The intimate association of the α- and β-types ofBact. coliwith outbreaks of gastro-enteritis is demonstrated, and figures are given to show how these outbreaks prolong the patient's stay in hospital and waste valuable hospital space.

On the Origin of the Microscystalline Structure in Rapidly Solidified IN-100 Powder

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
J. M. Walsh ◽  
K. P. Gumz ◽  
J. C. Whittles ◽  
B. H. Kear
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Microcrystalline Structure ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Atomization Process ◽  
Centrifugal Atomization ◽  
Splat Quenching ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Dendritic Microstructures ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

During a routine examination of the microstructure of rapidly solidified IN-100 powder, produced by a newly-developed centrifugal atomization process1, essentially two distinct types of microstructure were identified. When a high melt superheat is maintained during atomization, the powder particles are predominantly coarse-grained, equiaxed or columnar, with distinctly dendritic microstructures, Figs, la and 4a. On the other hand, when the melt superheat is reduced by increasing the heat flow to the disc of the rotary atomizer, the powder particles are predominantly microcrystalline in character, with typically one dendrite per grain, Figs, lb and 4b. In what follows, evidence is presented that strongly supports the view that the unusual microcrystalline structure has its origin in dendrite erosion occurring in a 'mushy zone' of dynamic solidification on the disc of the rotary atomizer.The critical observations were made on atomized material that had undergone 'splat-quenching' on previously solidified, chilled substrate particles.

Ruthenium red and alcian blue effects on outer structures of methanotrophic bacteria

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 72-73
Author(s):  
T.A. Fassel ◽  
M.J. Schaller ◽  
C.C. Remsen
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
Outer Cell ◽  
Methanotrophic Bacteria ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Methylosinus Trichosporium ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Methylomonas Albus ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Outer Cell Wall

Methane, a contributor to the “greenhouse effect”, is oxidized in the natural environment by methanotrophic bacteria. As part of a comprehensive research effort, we have been examining the ultrastructure of methanotrophs. These microorganisms have complex outer cell wall structures similar to those frequently found in other chemol itho- trophic bacteria. (1,2)In our work, we have focused on the “type” strains of Methylomonas albus BG8 and Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b. Between Spurr and LR White embedding resins, we found a difference 1n the preservation of an outer cup layer of BG8 external to the peripheral membranes. Cells from the same sample embedded in Spurr consistently lacked this feature (FIG. 1). This effect was overcome by an en bloc ruthenium red (RR) protocol that resulted in successful retention of the cup layer in Spurr resin (FIG. 2). For OB3b cells, the en bloc RR protocol resulted in an exterior bead feature distinguishable in thin section (FIG. 4) that previously was seen only by SEM.

Microbiological purity of syringes containing composites in the context of cross-infection prevention in dental practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Joanna Bialowska ◽  
Witold Bojar ◽  
Tomasz Zareba ◽  
Stefan Tyski ◽  
Barbara Tymczyna-Borowicz
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Aerobic Bacteria ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Bodily Fluids ◽  
Dental Office ◽  
Dental Practices ◽  
Dental Offices ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

AbstractCross-infection involves the transmission of microorganisms through secretions, bodily fluids and excreta, as well as undisinfected surfaces and medical equipment. In the dental office, diseases are transmitted via various routes, e.g. from patient to dentist or other member of dental team, from doctor or dental team member to patient, from patient to another patient, from dental office to community and from community to patient. The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of infection control in dental practices based on the qualitative and quantitative assessment of microbiological contaminants detected on the surface of filling material packaging used in dental offices. The material for research were 9 packages containing dental materials during their use in 3 dental settings. The packages were placed in sterile flasks and rinsed to wash microorganisms from the surfaces. The washes were filtered through membrane filters and cultured under proper aerobic and anaerobic conditions, and at elevated CO2 concentration. Microbial growth on TIO and TSB media was observed. The contamination of most samples remained low as indicated by the growth from one to a maximum of five colonies on TSA. The contamination remained at the level of 10-50 CFU/package, i.e. <100 CFU/single package. The tests evaluating the contamination of dental package surfaces with aerobic bacteria confirmed high hygiene standards observed in dental offices from which the packages were brought.

Evaluation of the effects of Covid-19 in a dentist’s daily routine - A Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 591-601
Author(s):  
Akansha Kishen ◽  
Anjali A K ◽  
Brundha M P ◽  
Muralidharan N P
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Significant Extent ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Routine Basis ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Spss Software

Covid 19 is considered to be a pandemic virus infection. SARS-Cov-2 causes it. It is a viral infection that is transmitted through aerosol and droplet contamination, cross-infection, etc. Dentists are at a higher risk due to this corona. It has affected daily routines of dentist's life as they are unavailable to run the clinic and attend to patients. Different search engines like PubMed, and Google Scholar was used. The questionnaire consisting of twenty questions was prepared by using online survey google forms and circulated among the participants. SPSS software was used to evaluate the results and data collection. Statistical analysis was done by chi-square test. Later, results were being tabulated. This survey that is taken among dental students, dentists, and random public, it is seen that the majority of them are well aware of this recent pandemic attack. (COVID-19). It is concluded that dentists are affected to a significant extent due to coronavirus as their daily routine is affected severely. This study aims to identify the effect on dentist life on a routine basis due to the pandemic COVID - 19.

THE CLINICAL COURSE OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PECULIARITIES IN MEN UNDER 60 YEARS OLD WITH PULMONARY HYPERTENSION

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Gordienko A.V. ◽  
Men’shikova A.N. ◽  
Sotnikov A.V.
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Level Group

Relevance. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) negatively affects the prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI). Aim. To evaluate MI clinical features (CF) in men under 60 years old (y.o.) with PH, arising during MI to improve pre-vention and outcomes. Material and methods. The study included men 19-60 y.o. with MI and various dynamics of mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP), determined by echocardiography (A. Kitabatake) in first 48 hours (1) and completion of third week (2). Patients were divided into four groups: studied (I) included 67 patients (mean age 50.4±7.1 y.o) with PH (MPAP2 25 and more mm Hg) and normal of MPAP1 level. Group II included patients with a normal MPAP in both phases of study (70; 52.1±6.6 y.o); group III – with elevated MPAP at both study points (149; 51.2±5.5 y.o) and IV – with in-creased MPAP1 and normal MPAP2 (61, 50.5±6.8 y.o). A comparative assessment of the MI CF frequency in selected groups were performed. Results. The study group occupied intermediate place frequency in medical history presence: coronary heart disease (I: 59.5; II: 61.4; III: 63.6 and IV: 48.9%; p = 0.04), chronic heart failure (CHF) (35.7 ; 34.1; 51.1 and 24.5%, respec-tively; p=0.001), repeated (45.2; 42.0; 47.3 and 29.8%) and early recurrent (3.6; 3.4 ; 6.0 and 3.2%; pIII-IV=0.006) MI, Q-MI (44.0; 35.2; 58.7 and 56.4; p=0.001), anginal MI phenotype (75.0; 74.7; 54.3 and 77.7%; p˂0.0001) and acute HF (ACF) (45,2; 36,8; 50,5 и 48,9%; р=0,002). No pulmonary edema was detected in it (p˂0.0001). Conclusions. Men under 60 y.o. with PH resulting from MI occupy an intermediate place in frequency of complica-tions, ACF and CHF in first 56 days of MI during routine examination compared with other MPAP dynamics patients. This confirms the need for additional verification of PH genesis for the appropriate treatment.

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