Vetupraeca n. gen. and Mucopraeca n. gen. (Cryptodonta, Bivalvia): A reappraisal of Late Devonian bivalves from the Hercynian Facies

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1150-1160
Author(s):  
Judith Nagel-Myers ◽  
Michael R. W. Amler ◽  
R. Thomas Becker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Outer Shelf ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Hercynian Facies

Bivalves from the Late Devonian pelagic or Hercynian Facies of classical regions such as eastern North America and Europe have not been investigated for almost a century.A group of small, radially ribbed bivalves frequently occurs in association with ammonoids and conodonts in pelagic cephalopod limestones and shales of the latest Frasnian and early Famennian. These bivalves have traditionally been assigned to the Late Silurian genus Praecardium Barrande, 1881. Re-studying the types of the Late Devonian taxa, Cardium? vetustum Hall, 1843, Cardiola duplicata Münster, 1840, Praecardium clymeniae Beushausen, 1895, Praecardium melletes Clarke, 1904, and Praecardium multicostatum Clarke, 1904 shows that they differ significantly from Praecardium.As a result, two new genera, Vetupraeca n. gen. and Mucopraeca n. gen, are established. Furthermore, neotypes are designated for Cardiola nehdensis, Kayser, 1873 and Vetupraeca clymeniae (Beushausen, 1895), and lectotypes are chosen for Mucopraeca multicostata (Clarke, 1904) and Vetupraeca duplicata (Münster, 1840). These bivalve taxa were widely distributed in the subtropical to tropical, latest Frasnian/early Famennian outer shelf habitats of Laurussia and Gondwana.

Review of the Devonian camerate crinoid Bogotacrinus scheibei Schmidt from Colombia

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 750-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
George C. Mcintosh
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Lower Devonian ◽  
Appalachian Basin ◽  
Upper Devonian ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Early Devonian ◽  
Lower Upper

Two recently collected specimens of Bogotacrinus scheibei Schmidt, 1937, from the Devonian (Emsian–Eifelian) Floresta Formation of Colombia reveal that Bogotacrinus is a dicyclic camerate crinoid genus closely related to Pterinocrinus Goldring, 1923 (Lower–Upper Devonian of eastern North America and western Europe), and Ampurocrinus McIntosh, 1981 (Lower Devonian of Bolivia). The new diplobathrid camerate crinoid family Pterinocrinidae, characterized by species with low conical dicyclic cups and rami composed of compound, bipinnulate brachials, is herein proposed to accommodate these three genera. This family originated in western Europe and migrated into the Malvinokaffric and southern Eastern Americas Realms during the Early Devonian and into the northeastern Appalachian Basin by the Late Devonian.

scholarly journals Extinct Taxa of Exotestal Seeds Close to Austrobaileyales and Nymphaeales From the Early Cretaceous of Portugal

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 135-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Else Marie Friis ◽  
Peter R. Crane ◽  
Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Surface Pattern ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Jigsaw Puzzle ◽  
Nutritive Tissue ◽  
Fossil Seeds

Early Cretaceous mesofossil floras from Portugal and North America include a surprising diversity of small, bitegmic angiosperm seeds with a hard exotestal seed coat. This study describes six different kinds of these seeds from three Portuguese mesofossil localities; Vale de Agua, Torres Vedras, and especially from Famalicão, which has yielded a flora exceptionally rich in exotestal seeds. All the seeds are almost smooth with a characteristic jigsaw puzzle-shaped surface pattern that is formed from the strongly undulate anticlinal walls of the sclerenchyma cells that comprise the exotesta. Several specimens have internal details preserved, including remains of a cellular nutritive tissue interpreted as endosperm, and a tiny embryo with two rudimentary cotyledons. Based on differences in details of the seed coat, and configuration of hilum and micropyle, the fossil seeds are assigned to six new genera, as six new species: Gastonispermum portugallicum gen. et sp. nov., Pazlia hilaris gen. et sp. nov., Pazliopsis reyi gen. et sp. nov., Reyispermum parvum gen. et sp. nov., Lusitanispermum choffatii gen. et sp. nov. and Silutanispermum kvacekiorum gen. et sp. nov. The characteristic exotestal cells with undulate anticlinal walls, details of the hilar and micropylar region, together with the tiny dicotyledonous embryos with rudimentary cotyledons, suggest close relationships to seeds of Nitaspermum and Tanispermum described previously from Early Cretaceous mesofossil floras from eastern North America. These exotestal seeds from Portugal and North America indicate the presence of diverse extinct early angiosperms close to the lineages that today include extant Austrobaileyales and Nymphaeales.

The youngest styliolines and nowakiids (Late Devonian) currently known from New York

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis L. Yochelson ◽  
William T. Kirchgasser
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Appalachian Region ◽  
The West ◽  
First Report

This is the first report of styliolines in the Angola Shale Member of the West Falls Formation in western New York. These specimens are of late Frasnian age and are the youngest individuals known from the Appalachian Region. This upward extension of range places the extinction of styliolines in eastern North America more in accord with their time of extinction in Europe. Nowakiids have also been found in the younger Hanover Shale Member, in the upper part of the Java Formation, also of late Frasnian age. These are the youngest known nowakiids from the Appalachians. Within the limits of preservation, the external characters and wall structure of the Angola styliolines are comparable with those of older specimens. The associated rare small annulated nowakiids and homotcenids have a laminated wall structure fundamentally different from that of the styliolines.

Late Devonian ammonoids from Ohio and adjacent states

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. House ◽  
Mackenzie Gordon ◽  
W. J. Hlavin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Lower Carboniferous ◽  
International Importance ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Cleveland Ohio

Three late Devonian ammonoid-bearing levels are described from the area of Cleveland, Ohio. These appear to represent the German Platyclymenia, Clymenia and Wocklumeria Stufen, clear evidence for which has been lacking previously in eastern North America. The lowest level, around the base of the Cleveland Shale, yieldsSporadoceras, Cyrtoclymenia, Platyclymeniaand a new species,Pleuroclymenia(?)ohioense. The middle level, near the top of the Cleveland Shale, bearsCymaclymenia, SporadocerasandPrionoceras. The highest level, just above the base of the Bedford Shale, hasPrionoceras quadripartitum. This species, and a fauna of the basal Bedford, have been located also in the area of Columbus, Ohio. AnEpiwocklumeria(?) sp. is recorded from Indiana. Attention is drawn to the international importance of the late Famennian and Lower Carboniferous ammonoid sequence which can now be recognized in Ohio.

scholarly journals Rightcania and Kvacekispermum: Early Cretaceous Seeds From Eastern North America and Portugal Provide Further Evidence of the Early Chloranthoid Diversification

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Else Marie Friis ◽  
Peter R. Crane ◽  
Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Nutritive Tissue ◽  
Crystal Cells

Abundant flowers, fruits, seeds and stamens that are closely related to extant Chloranthaceae have been reported from the Early Cretaceous floras of Portugal. Among these are small berries with endotestal seeds assigned to the extinct genera Canrightia and Canrightiopsis. Here we describe two new genera, each including a single species, based on fossil fruits and seeds from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America and Portugal. Both genera have pendent, orthotropous, bitegmic and endotestal ovules/seeds, in which the endotesta consists of a layer of cubic to palisade-shaped crystal cells with endoreticulate fibrous infillings, a combination of features that also characterize Canrightia and Canrightiopsis and that among extant angiosperms are known only for members of the Chloranthaceae. Rightcania kvacekii gen. et sp. nov. from the early to middle Albian Puddledock mesofossil flora of Virginia, USA, is the first representative in the Early Cretaceous floras of North America of a chloranthaceous fossil related to Canrightia and Canrightiopsis. It has three- to five-seeded fruits very similar to fruits and seeds of Canrightia, also with a pronounced tegmen that probably functioned as a nutritive tissue for the developing embryo. Fruits and seeds of Rightcania are larger than those of Canrightia, and also differ in details of the seed coat. Kvacekispermum rugosum gen. et sp. nov. is rare in the late Aptian to early Albian Portuguese mesofossil flora from Vale de Água. It differs from Canrightiopsis in the coarsely rugulate outer surface of the endotesta and its larger size, but is closely similar in the general structure of seed coat and nutritive tissue. Together, Rightcania and Kvacekispermum provide further evidence of the early diversity achieved by chloranthoid angiosperms before the end of the Early Cretaceous.

A REVISION OF THE NORTH AMERICAN OMALIINAE (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE): 2. THE TRIBE CORYPHIINI

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (S106) ◽  
pp. 21-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
The North

AbstractThe tribe Coryphiini Hatch is redefined to include six genera and 18 species from North America. Two new genera are described: Gnathoryphium (type-species G. mandibulare n. sp.) and Holoboreaphilus (type-species Boreaphilus nordenskioeldi Maklin). Seven new species are described: Coryphium nigrum from the northeastern United States and Subhaida californica, S. aptera, S. monticola, S. utahensis, S. sinuata, and Gnathoryphium mandibulare from western North America. The genus Occiephelinus Hatch from western North America and Planeboreaphilus Shibata from Japan are considered junior synonyms of Coryphium Stephens. The western North American species formerly placed in Ephelinus Cockerell are transferred to the genus Coryphium. Pseudohaida ingrata Hatch is transferred to the genus Subhaida Hatch. Boreaphilus americanus Notman is placed in synonymy with B. henningianus C.R. Sahlberg.All genera and species are described. Habitus drawings, and line drawings of the antenna, labrum, maxilla, mandible, mentum, and labium are presented for at least one species of each genus. The aedeagus is illustrated for all the species except two that are known only from females.Of the species treated, three are Holarctic in distribution, four are restricted to eastern North America, and 11 are endemic to the mountainous areas of western North America.All available biological information for each species is included and a key is presented to aid in the identification of all the genera and species of the tribe in North America.

Ordovician Sphinctozoan Sponges from the Eastern Klamath Mountains, Northern California

1986 ◽  
Vol 60 (S20) ◽  
pp. 1-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keith Rigby ◽  
A. W. Potter
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
Late Devonian ◽  
Northern California ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Klamath Mountains ◽  
Middle Ordovician

Extensive silicified faunules of Middle and Late Ordovician sphinctozoan sponges have been assembled from the northern part of the eastern Klamath Mountains in northern California. The sponges are from eugeosynclinal rocks that are the westernmost Middle Ordovician to Late Devonian rocks at that latitude in North America. Seventeen new species occur in the assemblages, including 10 porate and 7 aporate forms. New genera of porate forms areAmblysiphonelloidesandCorymbospongia, and new porate species include:Amblysiphonella grossa, Amblysiphonelloides tubula, A. reticulata, Imperatoria mega, I. media, I. minima, I. irregularis, Corymbospongia adnata, C. mica, andC.(?)perforata.These are the first reported occurrences ofAmblysiphonellaandImperatoriain the Ordovician. New aporate genera areCystothalamiellaandPorefieldia, and new aporate species include:Cystothalamiella ducta, C. craticula, C. tuboides, Porefieldia robusta, Girtyocoelia epiporata, andG. canna.This is the oldest known occurrence ofGirtyocoelia, which is generally considered a Late Paleozoic form.Cliefdenella obconican. sp. is characterized by an obconical growth form in contrast to other species of the genus that are more massive or explanate.Cliefdenellais considered here as an imperforate sphinctozoan.Minor isolated hexactines and hexactine-derived spicules of Hexactinellida were associated with the sphinctozoans. No particular taxa within the class can be distinguished from these individual elements.

scholarly journals Multiparted, apocarpous flowers from the Early Cretaceous of eastern North America and Portugal

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-296
Author(s):  
Else Marie Friis ◽  
Peter R. Crane ◽  
Kaj Raunsgaard Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Angiosperm Evolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fossil Material ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge

Three new genera, Atlantocarpus, Lambertiflora and Mugideiriflora, are described from the Early Cretaceous of North America and Portugal based on floral structures with multicarpellate and apocarpous gynoecia that have been studied using scanning electron microscopy and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy. Lambertiflora and Mugideiriflora have numerous perianth parts in several series, as well as many stamens and many carpels borne on a short conical receptacle. Atlantocarpus has many carpels arranged spirally on an elongated receptacle. Perianth and stamens are not preserved in Atlantocarpus, but scars of two sizes at the base of the receptacle indicate the presence of several series of tepals and stamens. Phylogenetic assessment of the three new genera indicates close relationships with members of extant Austrobaileyales, which is also favoured by the apparently ascidiate carpels of Atlantocarpus. However, the phylogenetic signal is not strong and the fossils also share many features with magnoliid angiosperms. Fully secure resolution of their relationships is hampered by lack of information of critical floral features in the fossil material, the constellation of likely plesiomorphic characters that they exhibit, and inadequate knowledge of character homologies and character evolution among extant taxa. There is also the broader concern about whether phylogenetic patterns can be reliably inferred for the earliest phases of angiosperm evolution based solely on a depauperate assemblage of extant taxa given extensive extinction over the last 100 million years. The new genera add to growing evidence of diverse extinct angiosperms with multiparted flowers during the Early Cretaceous that have a variety of relationships to extant ANA-grade angiosperms and magnoliids.

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