Small-scale cultivation of cells and tissues from gobiid teleosts

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-938
Author(s):  
C. J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Estuarine Fish ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Freshwater Teleost ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture

Although freshwater teleost cell and tissue culture is an established field, the in vitro maintenance and growth of marine or estuarine fish tissues and cells is less well reported (Wolf & Quimby, 1969). Small demersal gobiid teleosts of the genus Pomatoschistus Gill, 1864 are widely distributed and very abundant around the coast of Britain and play an extremely important role in estuarine and coastal ecosystems (Hartley, 1940; Miller, 1963, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Liverpool; Green, 1968). Excluding the in vitro maintenance of whole organs (e.g. Bonnin, 1971a, b and Doneen & Bern, 1974) the culture of cells or tissues from gobiids has not been reported.

scholarly journals Rejuvenation of chicory and lettuce plants following phase change in tissue culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Conner ◽  
Helen Searle ◽  
Jeanne M. E. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
In Vitro Flowering ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture

Abstract Background A frequent problem associated with the tissue culture of Compositae species such as chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the premature bolting to in vitro flowering of regenerated plants. Plants exhibiting such phase changes have poor survival and poor seed set upon transfer from tissue culture to greenhouse conditions. This can result in the loss of valuable plant lines following applications of cell and tissue culture for genetic manipulation. Results This study demonstrates that chicory and lettuce plants exhibiting stable in vitro flowering can be rejuvenated by a further cycle of adventitious shoot regeneration from cauline leaves. The resulting rejuvenated plants exhibit substantially improved performance following transfer to greenhouse conditions, with increased frequency of plant survival, a doubling of the frequency of plants that flowered, and substantially increased seed production. Conclusion As soon as in vitro flowering is observed in unique highly-valued chicory and lettuce lines, a further cycle of adventitious shoot regeneration from cauline leaves should be implemented to induce rejuvenation. This re-establishes a juvenile phase accompanied by in vitro rosette formation, resulting in substantially improved survival, flowering and seed set in a greenhouse, thereby ensuring the recovery of future generations from lines genetically manipulated in cell and tissue culture.

IN VITRO CELL AND TISSUE CULTURE OF THE CEREUS PERUVIANUS MILL. (CACTACEAE) FOR THE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF BIODIVERSITY: CURRENT STATUS

2009 ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Aparecida Mangolin ◽  
S. Aparecida de Oliveira Collet ◽  
A. José Braz de Oliveira ◽  
R. Aparecida Correia Gonçalves ◽  
M. de Fátima P.S. Machado
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Conservation And Management

scholarly journals Epigenetic changes and their relationship to somaclonal variation: a need to monitor the micropropagation of plantation crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Azizi ◽  
Mohamed M. Hanafi ◽  
Mahbod Sahebi ◽  
Jennifer A. Harikrishna ◽  
Sima Taheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Plantation Crops

Chromatin modulation plays important roles in gene expression regulation and genome activities. In plants, epigenetic changes, including variations in histone modification and DNA methylation, are linked to alterations in gene expression. Despite the significance and potential of in vitro cell and tissue culture systems in fundamental research and marketable applications, these systems threaten the genetic and epigenetic networks of intact plant organs and tissues. Cell and tissue culture applications can lead to DNA variations, methylation alterations, transposon activation, and finally, somaclonal variations. In this review, we discuss the status of the current understanding of epigenomic changes that occur under in vitro conditions in plantation crops, including coconut, oil palm, rubber, cotton, coffee and tea. It is hoped that comprehensive knowledge of the molecular basis of these epigenomic variations will help researchers develop strategies to enhance the totipotent and embryogenic capabilities of tissue culture systems for plantation crops.

scholarly journals Towards More Predictive, Physiological and Animal-free In Vitro Models: Advances in Cell and Tissue Culture 2020 Conference Proceedings

2021 ◽  
pp. 026119292110250
Author(s):  
Bhumika Singh ◽  
Mohamed Essameldin Abdelgawad ◽  
Zulfiqur Ali ◽  
Jarrod Bailey ◽  
Elisa Budyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cellular Tissue ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Age Related

Experimental systems that faithfully replicate human physiology at cellular, tissue and organ level are crucial to the development of efficacious and safe therapies with high success rates and low cost. The development of such systems is challenging and requires skills, expertise and inputs from a diverse range of experts, such as biologists, physicists, engineers, clinicians and regulatory bodies. Kirkstall Limited, a biotechnology company based in York, UK, organised the annual conference, Advances in Cell and Tissue Culture (ACTC), which brought together people having a variety of expertise and interests, to present and discuss the latest developments in the field of cell and tissue culture and in vitro modelling. The conference has also been influential in engaging animal welfare organisations in the promotion of research, collaborative projects and funding opportunities. This report describes the proceedings of the latest ACTC conference, which was held virtually on 30th September and 1st October 2020, and included sessions on in vitro models in the following areas: advanced skin and respiratory models, neurological disease, cancer research, advanced models including 3-D, fluid flow and co-cultures, diabetes and other age-related disorders, and animal-free research. The roundtable session on the second day was very interactive and drew huge interest, with intriguing discussion taking place among all participants on the theme of replacement of animal models of disease.

scholarly journals Optimization of protoplast regeneration in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana

Plant Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong Yeop Jeong ◽  
Hun-Young Lee ◽  
Suk Weon Kim ◽  
Yoo-Sun Noh ◽  
Pil Joon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Protoplast Regeneration ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture

Abstract Background Plants have a remarkable reprogramming potential, which facilitates plant regeneration, especially from a single cell. Protoplasts have the ability to form a cell wall and undergo cell division, allowing whole plant regeneration. With the growing need for protoplast regeneration in genetic engineering and genome editing, fundamental studies that enhance our understanding of cell cycle re-entry, pluripotency acquisition, and de novo tissue regeneration are essential. To conduct these studies, a reproducible and efficient protoplast regeneration method using model plants is necessary. Results Here, we optimized cell and tissue culture methods for improving protoplast regeneration efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. Protoplasts were isolated from whole seedlings of four different Arabidopsis ecotypes including Columbia (Col-0), Wassilewskija (Ws-2), Nossen (No-0), and HR (HR-10). Among these ecotypes, Ws-2 showed the highest potential for protoplast regeneration. A modified thin alginate layer was applied to the protoplast culture at an optimal density of 1 × 106 protoplasts/mL. Following callus formation and de novo shoot regeneration, the regenerated inflorescence stems were used for de novo root organogenesis. The entire protoplast regeneration process was completed within 15 weeks. The in vitro regenerated plants were fertile and produced morphologically normal progenies. Conclusion The cell and tissue culture system optimized in this study for protoplast regeneration is efficient and reproducible. This method of Arabidopsis protoplast regeneration can be used for fundamental studies on pluripotency establishment and de novo tissue regeneration.

Effects of temperature on tadpole hearts in vitro

Development ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-159
Author(s):  
Elsie M. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Embryonic Heart ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Ringer’S Solution ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Amphibian Heart

The temperatures currently used for amphibian cell and tissue culture appear to range from 26°C (Seto, 1964) to 18°C (Shah, 1964). The experiments of N. G. Stephenson & Tomkins (1964), in which Pseudophryne tadpole humeri and femora transplanted to chick chorioallantoic membranes at 38°C showed definite growth, suggested the possible advantage of culturing other amphibian tissues at temperatures above 26°C. The present study has therefore been carried out in an attempt to establish more precisely the optimal and maximal conditions for amphibian cell and organ culture. Whole hearts of tadpoles of the Leptodactylid frog, Limnodynastes peroni (Duméril & Bibron) were cultured at a series of temperatures ranging from 5 to 37°C for a period of at least 1 week. Although the short-term behaviour of an isolated, adult frog's heart in Ringer's solution in relation to increased temperature is known (Mitchell, 1956), only incidental observations have been recorded with regard to temperature effects on rate of beat of cultured amphibian heart fragments (Johnson, 1915; Morosow, 1929) or embryonic heart rudiments (Stöhr, 1924).

Plant Cell and Tissue Culture Techniques for Weed Science Research

Weed Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid J. Smeda ◽  
Stephen C. Weller
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Homogeneous System ◽  
Cell Culture Techniques ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture

Tissue and cell culture offer weed scientists many opportunities to research herbicide effects on plants. This review will discuss examples in which plant cells grown in vitro have been used to study herbicide action. Plant cell and tissue culture have many advantages over the use of whole plants; however, several disadvantages that exist are discussed. Cell cultures can be established for most plant species and provide a relatively homogeneous system for studying herbicide action. Responses of plant cells to herbicides are usually correlated with responses at the whole plant level, and cells have the advantage of posing fewer physical barriers to herbicide uptake and translocation. Cell culture techniques discussed include: screening candidate herbicide compounds; investigating herbicide efficacy, mechanism of action, metabolism, and uptake; and ascertaining mechanisms of herbicide resistance, selecting for resistance, and regenerating crops.

scholarly journals How to Make Living Viral Tattoos

Leonardo ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-165
Author(s):  
Tagny Duff ◽  
Jill Muhling ◽  
Maria Grade Godinho ◽  
Stuart Hodgetts
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Source Model ◽  
Technical Paper ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Pig Skin ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Made In

Living Viral Tattoos (2008) is a research-creation project featuring the development of sculptures made in vitro. The creation of tattoos in the form of blue ‘bruises’ on pig skin and donated human skin was made using retroviruses, cell and tissue culture and immunohistochemical stains. This technical paper presents the protocols created and materials used in the project with the intention of contributing to an open source model for the development of wetware and biological art processes.

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