IN VITRO CELL AND TISSUE CULTURE OF THE CEREUS PERUVIANUS MILL. (CACTACEAE) FOR THE CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF BIODIVERSITY: CURRENT STATUS

2009 ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Aparecida Mangolin ◽  
S. Aparecida de Oliveira Collet ◽  
A. José Braz de Oliveira ◽  
R. Aparecida Correia Gonçalves ◽  
M. de Fátima P.S. Machado
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Conservation And Management

scholarly journals Rejuvenation of chicory and lettuce plants following phase change in tissue culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Conner ◽  
Helen Searle ◽  
Jeanne M. E. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
In Vitro Flowering ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture

Abstract Background A frequent problem associated with the tissue culture of Compositae species such as chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the premature bolting to in vitro flowering of regenerated plants. Plants exhibiting such phase changes have poor survival and poor seed set upon transfer from tissue culture to greenhouse conditions. This can result in the loss of valuable plant lines following applications of cell and tissue culture for genetic manipulation. Results This study demonstrates that chicory and lettuce plants exhibiting stable in vitro flowering can be rejuvenated by a further cycle of adventitious shoot regeneration from cauline leaves. The resulting rejuvenated plants exhibit substantially improved performance following transfer to greenhouse conditions, with increased frequency of plant survival, a doubling of the frequency of plants that flowered, and substantially increased seed production. Conclusion As soon as in vitro flowering is observed in unique highly-valued chicory and lettuce lines, a further cycle of adventitious shoot regeneration from cauline leaves should be implemented to induce rejuvenation. This re-establishes a juvenile phase accompanied by in vitro rosette formation, resulting in substantially improved survival, flowering and seed set in a greenhouse, thereby ensuring the recovery of future generations from lines genetically manipulated in cell and tissue culture.

In vitro tissue culture in breeding programs of leguminous pulses: use and current status

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ileana Gatti ◽  
Fernanda Guindón ◽  
Carolina Bermejo ◽  
Andrea Espósito ◽  
Enrique Cointry
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
In Vitro Tissue Culture

Small-scale cultivation of cells and tissues from gobiid teleosts

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 933-938
Author(s):  
C. J. Webb
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Estuarine Fish ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Freshwater Teleost ◽  
Fish Tissues ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture

Although freshwater teleost cell and tissue culture is an established field, the in vitro maintenance and growth of marine or estuarine fish tissues and cells is less well reported (Wolf & Quimby, 1969). Small demersal gobiid teleosts of the genus Pomatoschistus Gill, 1864 are widely distributed and very abundant around the coast of Britain and play an extremely important role in estuarine and coastal ecosystems (Hartley, 1940; Miller, 1963, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Liverpool; Green, 1968). Excluding the in vitro maintenance of whole organs (e.g. Bonnin, 1971a, b and Doneen & Bern, 1974) the culture of cells or tissues from gobiids has not been reported.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATUS OF TRANSGENIC COTTON-UTILITY OF GENOTYPE INDEPENDENT IN PLANTA APPROACHES FOR THE GENERATION OF TRANSGENICS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kesiraju Karthik
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Transgenic Cotton ◽  
Current Status ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Gossypium Spp

Cotton (Gossypium spp.), is a mercantile crop plant is grown for its fluffy fiber and cotton seed oil in around 70 countries worldwide. Cotton is an economically important crop, shows erratic productivity under rain feed conditions; it is bogged down with many biotic and abiotic stresses. Due to lack of resistant germplasm, crop improvement through conventional breeding practices has been lagging. Genetic engineering offers numerous protocols to engineer plants to overcome stress. Biotechnological intervention for cotton improvement has begun three decades ago. The recalcitrance of cotton to tissue culture has been the major constraint for in vitro regeneration. Alternate methods that evade tissue culture regeneration steps have thus been envisaged. Till date there are very few standardized protocols that can be employed to develop transgenics in a genotype independent manner. Thus, genotype independent in planta transformation strategies have gained momentum in the present days, but reproducibility of reported protocols remains an amigna in many cases. In planta transformations holds prominence due to viability and ease in generation of transgenic cotton plants with in less time. This review focuses on grouping efforts made by different research groups in this senior. Several reports and standardizations have been focused that reports development of transgenic cotton.

scholarly journals Plant tissue culture environment as a switch-key of (epi)genetic changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Tomasz Bednarek ◽  
Renata Orłowska
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Genetic Changes ◽  
Culture Stage ◽  
Commercial Applications

Abstract The in vitro tissue cultures are, beyond all difficulties, an essential tool in basic research as well as in commercial applications. Numerous works devoted to plant tissue cultures proved how important this part of the plant science is. Despite half a century of research on the issue of obtaining plants in in vitro cultures, many aspects remain unknown. The path associated with the reprogramming of explants in the fully functioning regenerants includes a series of processes that may result in the appearance of morphological, physiological, biochemical or, finally, genetic and epigenetic changes. All these changes occurring at the tissue culture stage and appearing in regenerants as tissue culture-induced variation and then inherited by generative progeny as somaclonal variation may be the result of oxidative stress, which works at the step of explant preparation, and in tissue culture as a result of nutrient components and environmental factors. In this review, we describe the current status of understanding the genetic and epigenetic changes that occur during tissue culture.

Prospects for the Mass Production of Improved Stock of Forest Trees by Cell and Tissue Culture

1974 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Durzan ◽  
R. A. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cell Hybridization ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Sequential Treatments ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Disease Free

An annotated chronological bibliography of cell and tissue culture studies with forest tree species is presented. The current status of cell and tissue culture as a tool for tree improvement is considered against the background of work with other plant species. Techniques and strategies which have been used to induce differentiation in plant cultures are outlined. The main methods seem to be sequential treatments of growth regulators or nutrients, simplification of media, and growth regulator balances. Additional unexploited treatments such as spatial and temporal gradients, and environmental variables are suggested. There is a new prospect of adding traits and producing genetic combinations which could not be obtained by sexual crossing. This would involve mutation, transcession, transduction, transformation, and somatic cell hybridization. Invitro methods can also be used in forestry for preservation of gene resources, production of homozygous specimens, prediction of phenotypic expression, production of disease-free specimens, study of host-parasite relations, and study of mycorrhizae. We conclude that cell and tissue culture has a great potential value to forestry.

scholarly journals Epigenetic changes and their relationship to somaclonal variation: a need to monitor the micropropagation of plantation crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Azizi ◽  
Mohamed M. Hanafi ◽  
Mahbod Sahebi ◽  
Jennifer A. Harikrishna ◽  
Sima Taheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Gene Expression Regulation ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Somaclonal Variations ◽  
Plantation Crops

Chromatin modulation plays important roles in gene expression regulation and genome activities. In plants, epigenetic changes, including variations in histone modification and DNA methylation, are linked to alterations in gene expression. Despite the significance and potential of in vitro cell and tissue culture systems in fundamental research and marketable applications, these systems threaten the genetic and epigenetic networks of intact plant organs and tissues. Cell and tissue culture applications can lead to DNA variations, methylation alterations, transposon activation, and finally, somaclonal variations. In this review, we discuss the status of the current understanding of epigenomic changes that occur under in vitro conditions in plantation crops, including coconut, oil palm, rubber, cotton, coffee and tea. It is hoped that comprehensive knowledge of the molecular basis of these epigenomic variations will help researchers develop strategies to enhance the totipotent and embryogenic capabilities of tissue culture systems for plantation crops.

scholarly journals Towards More Predictive, Physiological and Animal-free In Vitro Models: Advances in Cell and Tissue Culture 2020 Conference Proceedings

2021 ◽  
pp. 026119292110250
Author(s):  
Bhumika Singh ◽  
Mohamed Essameldin Abdelgawad ◽  
Zulfiqur Ali ◽  
Jarrod Bailey ◽  
Elisa Budyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cellular Tissue ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Annual Conference ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture ◽  
Age Related

Experimental systems that faithfully replicate human physiology at cellular, tissue and organ level are crucial to the development of efficacious and safe therapies with high success rates and low cost. The development of such systems is challenging and requires skills, expertise and inputs from a diverse range of experts, such as biologists, physicists, engineers, clinicians and regulatory bodies. Kirkstall Limited, a biotechnology company based in York, UK, organised the annual conference, Advances in Cell and Tissue Culture (ACTC), which brought together people having a variety of expertise and interests, to present and discuss the latest developments in the field of cell and tissue culture and in vitro modelling. The conference has also been influential in engaging animal welfare organisations in the promotion of research, collaborative projects and funding opportunities. This report describes the proceedings of the latest ACTC conference, which was held virtually on 30th September and 1st October 2020, and included sessions on in vitro models in the following areas: advanced skin and respiratory models, neurological disease, cancer research, advanced models including 3-D, fluid flow and co-cultures, diabetes and other age-related disorders, and animal-free research. The roundtable session on the second day was very interactive and drew huge interest, with intriguing discussion taking place among all participants on the theme of replacement of animal models of disease.

scholarly journals Optimization of protoplast regeneration in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana

Plant Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeong Yeop Jeong ◽  
Hun-Young Lee ◽  
Suk Weon Kim ◽  
Yoo-Sun Noh ◽  
Pil Joon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Protoplast Regeneration ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Cell And Tissue Culture

Abstract Background Plants have a remarkable reprogramming potential, which facilitates plant regeneration, especially from a single cell. Protoplasts have the ability to form a cell wall and undergo cell division, allowing whole plant regeneration. With the growing need for protoplast regeneration in genetic engineering and genome editing, fundamental studies that enhance our understanding of cell cycle re-entry, pluripotency acquisition, and de novo tissue regeneration are essential. To conduct these studies, a reproducible and efficient protoplast regeneration method using model plants is necessary. Results Here, we optimized cell and tissue culture methods for improving protoplast regeneration efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. Protoplasts were isolated from whole seedlings of four different Arabidopsis ecotypes including Columbia (Col-0), Wassilewskija (Ws-2), Nossen (No-0), and HR (HR-10). Among these ecotypes, Ws-2 showed the highest potential for protoplast regeneration. A modified thin alginate layer was applied to the protoplast culture at an optimal density of 1 × 106 protoplasts/mL. Following callus formation and de novo shoot regeneration, the regenerated inflorescence stems were used for de novo root organogenesis. The entire protoplast regeneration process was completed within 15 weeks. The in vitro regenerated plants were fertile and produced morphologically normal progenies. Conclusion The cell and tissue culture system optimized in this study for protoplast regeneration is efficient and reproducible. This method of Arabidopsis protoplast regeneration can be used for fundamental studies on pluripotency establishment and de novo tissue regeneration.

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