Newly discovered parasitic Turbellaria of opisthobranch gastropods

2010 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 1123-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Sudo ◽  
Yoshiaki J. Hirano ◽  
Yayoi M. Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Obligate Parasite ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Parasitic Worm ◽  
The Family

An endoparasitic platyhelminth from six species of sacoglossan opisthobranchs was collected at several localities of temperate to subtropical waters in Japan. Poecilostomatoid copepods (all species of Splanchnotrophidae and several species of Philoblennidae) and a few digenean flukes had been the only endoparasitic metazoans known for opisthobranch hosts. The newly discovered parasite was 1 to 15 mm in length and had no eyes, mouth, pharynx, or intestine. It had no external organs for parasitic life (e.g. attachment organs) and inhabited the haemocoel of the host. When mature, it emerged from the host and secreted a silky substance around itself to form a cocoon. The cocoon contained egg capsules with 19–42 eggs. Larvae, hatched from the capsule, had a ciliated body and a pair of eye spots. They were negatively phototactic and capable of invading suitable hosts. These morphological and life history features suggest this parasitic worm may belong to the family Fecampiidae (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria), one of a few obligate parasite taxa in Turbellaria. Molluscan hosts which are common for parasitic Platyhelminthes have not previously been known for this family. The newly discovered parasite may be important for understanding the evolution of parasitism in Platyhelminthes.

A revision of the subfamily Haplorchinae Looss, 1899 (Trematoda: Heterophyidae): I. The Haplorchis group

Parasitology ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Ventral Sucker ◽  
Genital Pore ◽  
History Data ◽  
Life History Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Excretory Bladder

Earlier schemes of classification of the family Heterophyidae have been based in large part on such features as shape of body, presence of oral spines, number and position of testes, and distribution of vitellaria (Witenberg, 1929; Ciurea, 1933; Mueller & Van Cleave, 1932). Price (1940a) was the first to make extensive use of features of the ventrogenital complex (ventral sucker, gonotyl, genital pore, terminal male duct) and excretory bladder, and produced the first reasonable classification of both the family Heterophyidae and the superfamily Opisthorchioidea. In despite of the obvious significance of the rationale of Price's approach, later authors (Morozov, 1952, 1955; Yamaguti, 1958) have largely ignored the ventrogenital complex and recently discovered life-history data, and have used much the same sorts of features as earlier authors.

scholarly journals Recovery of Globba wengeri (C.E.C. Fisch.) K.J. Williams, critically endangered plant species from Serchhip District in Mizoram, Northeast India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-181
Author(s):  
Lalnun Mawia ◽  
Vanlalhruaii Ralte ◽  
H. Lalruatsanga ◽  
Zothan Mawia ◽  
P.C. Vanlalhluna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Endangered Plant Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

Globba wengeri (C.E.C. Fisch.) K.J. Williams, former state flower of Mizoram, a rare and critically endangered plant species, commonly known as ‘dancing girl’, belonging to the family Zingiberaceae, is reported in this communication for the first time from Serchhip District in Mizoram at an elevation of about 1187 m a.s.l. It was found on moist, watery and rocky slopes. The plant is under severe threat in the natural habitat and therefore, further studies are required to determine life history and particular survival threats of this species.

scholarly journals Quid estClea helena?Evidence for a previously unrecognized radiation of assassin snails (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea: Nassariidae)

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen E. Strong ◽  
Lee Ann Galindo ◽  
Yuri I. Kantor
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Aquarium Trade ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Se Asia ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Us

The genusCleafrom SE Asia is from one of only two unrelated families among the megadiverse predatory marine Neogastropoda to have successfully conquered continental waters. While little is known about their anatomy, life history and ecology, interest has grown exponentially in recent years owing to their increasing popularity as aquarium pets. However, the systematic affinities of the genus and the validity of the included species have not been robustly explored. Differences in shell, operculum and radula characters support separation ofCleaas presently defined into two distinct genera:Clea, for the type speciesClea nigricansand its allies, andAnentomeforClea helenaand allies. A five-gene mitochondrial (COI, 16S, 12S) and nuclear (H3, 28S) gene dataset confirms the placement ofAnentomeas a somewhat isolated offshoot of the family Nassariidae and sister to the estuarineNassodonta. Anatomical data corroborate this grouping and, in conjunction with their phylogenetic placement, support their recognition as a new subfamily, the Anentominae. The assassin snailAnentome helena, a popular import through the aquarium trade so named for their voracious appetite for other snails, is found to comprise a complex of at least four species. None of these likely represents trueAnentome helenadescribed from Java, including a specimen purchased through the aquarium trade under this name in the US and one that was recently found introduced in Singapore, both of which were supported as conspecific with a species from Thailand. The introduction ofAnentome“helena” through the aquarium trade constitutes a significant threat to native aquatic snail faunas which are often already highly imperiled. Comprehensive systematic revision of this previously unrecognized species complex is urgently needed to facilitate communication and manage this emerging threat.

Taxonomic studies on Archigetes Leuckart, 1878 (Cestoda: Caryophyllaeidae)

Parasitology ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Keneedy
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Nature Conservancy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Genus ◽  
Biological Characters ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Recent Experimental Work ◽  
The Relationship

Recent experimental work has indicated that species of Archigetes are capable of infecting and maturing in fishes in addition to tubificids.The genus Archigetes is re-defined on the basis of morphological and biological characters, with particular emphasis on recent life history studies. All species capable of neotenic development have been re-united in a single genus.A description of all species of Archigetes together with a key for their identification are included. New synonomies are discussed.The relationship of Archigetes to other genera of the family is briefly considered, and it is concluded that it forms the terminal stage in a series showing the attainment of neotenic development.I wish to thank Professor R. J. Pumphrey in whose Department the work was carried out, and Dr J. C. Chubb for advice and help in the preparation of this manuscript. I am also grateful to Professor K. Berg and Dr R. L. Calentine for the loan of specimens. The work was carried out during the tenure of a Nature Conservancy Research Studentship.

How long do Tydeidae live?

Zoosymposia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
LIANA JOHANN ◽  
GUILHERME LIBERATO DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Free Living ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

The family Tydeidae consists of small, free-living, soft-bodied mites with a diversity of feeding habits, including phytophages, pollen feeders and even predators, but the majority are scavengers or fungivores. Approximately 330 species in 30 genera have been described from throughout the world, but only a few species (<1% of all species) have been studied for their life history. This review provides a survey of their life history with a focus on their lifespan.

scholarly journals Rays and Skates (Raiœ) No. 1.—Egg-Capsules and Young

1922 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 578-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Egg Capsules ◽  
The Family ◽  
Northern Distribution

The family Raiidæ belongs to the division Batoidei of the sub-order Hypotremata, and is represented by the principal genera Raia, Psammobatis, and Sympterygia (Regan, 1906). The genus Raia (an altered spelling of Raja) was instituted by Linnæus, after Artedi, for the type Raja batis in the Systema Naturæ, Ed. X, Vol. I, 1758. The species are numerous and mostly of northern distribution.

The genus Pseudis (Anura: Pseudidae) in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, with description of a new species

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Kwet
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Body Coloration ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

AbstractA new species of Pseudis is described from São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is known from the southern parts of the Serra Geral where it occurs in grassland, inhabiting permanent ponds and still-water zones of slow flowing creeks. It is characterized by a paired vocal sac and a bulbous thumb, considerably widened at the base. It is distinguished from P. minutus by its different call, body coloration, rounded snout, and a more robust body with shorter hindlimbs. Advertisement call, tadpole, and life history are described. The taxonomy of the family Pseudidae in Rio Grande do Sul is discussed, supporting the synonymy of Lysapsus mantidactylus and P. meridionalis with P. minutus.

A revision of the family Galaxiidae (Pisces) in Tasmania

1976 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
AP Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time

Nine species of the genus Galaxias and one species of the genus Paragalaxias are found to be represented in Tasmania. The taxonomy, meristic and morphometric variation of each species is examined and data on the distribution, life history and ecology are presented together with references and synonymy. At the commencement of the present study previous works credited a total of 16 species in four genera to Tasmania distributed as follows: Galaxias, 12 species, Paragalaxias, 1 species, Saxilaga, 2 species and Brachygalaxias, 2 subspecies. In the present study G. scopus Scott is shown to be a synonym of G. truttaceus Valenciennes, G. affinis Regan and G. coxii Macleay are shown to be synonyms of G. brevipinnis Gunther which is recorded for the first time from the Australian mainland. The two species currently referred to the genus Saxilaga, S. cleaveri Scott and S. anguilliformis Scott, together with G. upcheri Scott are found to represent one species of Galaxias. The type locality of G. auratus Johnston is shown to be Lake Sorell and the type locality of G. upcheri is more accurately defined than in previous works. The two subspecies of Brachygalaxias, B. pusillus tasmaniensis Scott and B. pusillus flindersiensis Scott, are treated as one species of Galaxias. The Tasmanian galaxiid fauna is compared and contrasted with the galaxiid faunas of mainland Australia and New Zealand and the distribution patterns and zoogeographic considerations are discussed.

Life History as an Aid to Generic Delimitation in the Family Hylidae

Copeia ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 1971 (1) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Martin ◽  
G. F. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Generic Delimitation ◽  
The Family

scholarly journals Relationship between childhood (un)predictability and life milestones in young Brazilians

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-101
Author(s):  
Cézar Donizetti Luquine Júnior ◽  
Anna Beatriz Carnielli Howat-Rodrigues ◽  
Patrícia Izar
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Childhood Environment ◽  
First Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
Formal Employment

The present study sought to investigate whether perceived family unpredictability affects the development of life history strategies in both the reproductive and somatic domains by evaluating the ages at which life milestones occurred. In this study 211 young Brazilians answered a 10-item instrument that contained future milestones, the Family Unpredictability in Childhood, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Not all participants had already achieved the milestones. Earlier ages of giving birth to the first child, marrying, starting a family, and at first formal employment were correlated with greater unpredictability scores. Significant correlations were found more frequently for the participants who had already met the milestones. Data support the importance of the childhood environment for later development. Results suggest that data obtained based on the ages at which milestones occurred and ages at which milestones are expected to occur may present important differences with regard to the influence of environmental factors.

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