scholarly journals Nutritional status, dietary intake and adiposity of normal-weight individuals with clustered metabolic risk factors in the UK population

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (OCE3) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Harrison ◽  
F. Amirabdollahian ◽  
I.G. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Maternal nutrition and its intergenerational links to non-communicable disease metabolic risk factors: a systematic review and narrative synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Wilkins ◽  
Kremlin Wickramasinghe ◽  
Jessie Pullar ◽  
Alessandro R. Demaio ◽  
Nia Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Offspring Adiposity

Abstract Background Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death and disability globally, while malnutrition presents a major global burden. An increasing body of evidence suggests that poor maternal nutrition is related to the development of NCDs and their risk factors in adult offspring. However, there has been no systematic evaluation of this evidence. Methods We searched eight electronic databases and reference lists for primary research published between 1 January 1996 and 31 May 2016 for studies presenting data on various dimensions of maternal nutritional status (including maternal exposure to famine, maternal gestational weight gain (GWG), maternal weight and/or body mass index (BMI), and maternal dietary intake) during pregnancy or lactation, and measures of at least one of three NCD metabolic risk factors (blood pressure, blood lipids and blood glucose) in the study population of offspring aged 18 years or over. Owing to high heterogeneity across exposures and outcomes, we employed a narrative approach for data synthesis (PROSPERO= CRD42016039244, CRD42016039247). Results Twenty-seven studies from 10 countries with 62,607 participants in total met our inclusion criteria. The review revealed considerable heterogeneity in findings across studies. There was evidence of a link between maternal exposure to famine during pregnancy with adverse blood pressure, blood lipid, and glucose metabolism outcomes in adult offspring in some contexts, with some tentative support for an influence of adult offspring adiposity in this relationship. However, the evidence base for maternal BMI, GWG, and dietary intake of specific nutrients during pregnancy was more limited and revealed no consistent support for a link between these exposures and adult offspring NCD metabolic risk factors. Conclusion The links identified between maternal exposure to famine and offspring NCD risk factors in some contexts, and the tentative support for the role of adult offspring adiposity in influencing this relationship, suggest the need for increased collaboration between maternal nutrition and NCD sectors. However, in view of the current scant evidence base for other aspects of maternal nutrition, and the overall heterogeneity of findings, ongoing monitoring and evaluation using large prospective studies and linked data sets is a major priority.

scholarly journals Gestational weight gain in normal weight women and offspring cardio-metabolic risk factors at 20 years of age

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Hrolfsdottir ◽  
D Rytter ◽  
S F Olsen ◽  
B H Bech ◽  
E Maslova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Gestational Weight

scholarly journals The association of interleukin-18 genotype and serum levels with metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 157 (5) ◽  
pp. 633-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet Evans ◽  
Malcolm Collins ◽  
Courtney Jennings ◽  
Lize van der Merwe ◽  
Ingegerd Söderström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
South African ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Visceral Adiposity ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
African Women ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Black South African ◽  
South African Women

AbstractObjectiveCirculating levels of interleukin (IL)-18 are associated with the metabolic syndrome and risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigated the association between the circulating IL-18 levels and the −137 G/C polymorphism within the IL-18 gene with metabolic risk factors for CVD in normal-weight and obese black South African women.MethodsBlood pressure (BP), body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer), visceral adiposity (computerized tomography), as well as fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, IL-18 levels, and IL-18 genotype were measured in 104 normal-weight (body mass index (BMI) ≤25 kg/m2) and 124 obese (BMI≥30 kg/m2) black South African women.ResultsSubjects with a GC genotype (23%) had a greater mean arterial pressure (MAP, 90.6±11.1 vs 85.5±10.3 mmHg, P<0.001) than the subjects with the GG genotype. Serum IL-18 levels were not associated with IL-18 genotype (P=0.985); however, they significantly correlated with percentage of body fat (r=0.25, P<0.001), visceral adiposity (r=0.32, P<0.001), MAP (r=0.22, P=0.001), HOMA-IR (r=0.33, P<0.001), fasting insulin (r=0.25, P<0.001), triglyceride (r=0.16, P<0.05), and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r=−0.14, P<0.05) levels, after adjusting for age and body fatness.ConclusionsWe show for the first time that the GC genotype of the IL-18 −137 G/C polymorphism and the circulating IL-18 levels are independently associated with raised BP. Moreover, fasting IL-18 levels are associated with the other metabolic risk factors for CVD in normal-weight and obese black South African women.

scholarly journals Relationship between body fat percentage determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis and metabolic risk factors in Syrian male adolescents (18–19 years)

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-113
Author(s):  
Mahfouz Al-Bachir ◽  
Mohamad Adel Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Obese Subjects

Abstract The association between increasing obesity and metabolic syndrome among adolescent and the adverse consequences in adulthood including type-2 diabetes and coronary heart disease is well documented. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the major metabolic risk factors and some clinical important parameters in Syrian male adolescents (18-19 years old), and to assess the correlations between BF% determined by BIA-man prediction equation and metabolic risk factors in the same group. The correlations between body fat percentage (BF%) based on BIA-man predictive equations, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol (Chol), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), Hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb) in 1596 healthy Syrian adolescents aged 18-19 years and the mean values of these parameters were examined. Data showed that, DBP, Chol, TG, LDL and TG/HDL-C were significantly (p<0.05) higher in overweight and obese subjects in compression to normal weight cases. Whereas, SBP, FBS and Ht were significantly (p<0.05) higher in obese subjects in compression to normal weight. However, all measured variable related to metabolic syndrome risk factors increased with increasing the BF% determined by BIA-man. The present study suggests that % BF by BIA-man is a good predictor of metabolic risks factors for Syrian adolescents.

scholarly journals Health Behavior and Metabolic Risk Factors Associated with Normal Weight Obesity in Adolescents

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e0161451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna S. Olafsdottir ◽  
Johanna E. Torfadottir ◽  
Sigurbjorn A. Arngrimsson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Normal Weight Obesity
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