Do social values influence levels of conservation effort in threatened species? The case of two Australian chats

AbstractThis research aims to understand why one of two almost identical subspecies of the Australian yellow chat Ephthianura crocea has received significantly higher levels of local and institutional support than the other despite both having the same conservation status and taxonomic distinctiveness, factors commonly thought to influence conservation effort. Using a qualitative multiple case study approach we explored how a range of social factors, including stakeholder attitudes and institutional, policy and operational aspects, might have affected conservation efforts for the two taxa. Our results suggest that the conservation trajectories of these two subspecies have diverged since their identification as threatened species in 2000 because of differences in the social landscapes within which they persist. For one subspecies local advocacy was kindled initially by the small number of local endemic bird species but developed into a strong emotional engagement, resulting in increased local awareness, government funding, and effectiveness of conservation action. The other subspecies has had to compete for attention with approximately 200 other threatened taxa occurring in its region. No individual advocate has accorded this subspecies a high priority for action, and none of those responsible for its conservation have seen it or acknowledged an emotional attachment to it. Our findings confirm that initiation of conservation effort is strongly tied to the social values of individuals with power to take action, regardless of legislation.

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Global extinction risk for seahorses, pipefishes and their near relatives (Syngnathiformes)

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605320000782 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Riley A. Pollom ◽

Gina M. Ralph ◽

Caroline M. Pollock ◽

Amanda C.J. Vincent

Keyword(s):

Threatened Species ◽

Habitat Degradation ◽

Extinction Risk ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Field Research ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Point Estimate ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Data Deficient

Abstract Few marine taxa have been comprehensively assessed for their conservation status, despite heavy pressures from fishing, habitat degradation and climate change. Here we report on the first global assessment of extinction risk for 300 species of syngnathiform fishes known as of 2017, using the IUCN Red List criteria. This order of bony teleosts is dominated by seahorses, pipefishes and seadragons (family Syngnathidae). It also includes trumpetfishes (Aulostomidae), shrimpfishes (Centriscidae), cornetfishes (Fistulariidae) and ghost pipefishes (Solenostomidae). At least 6% are threatened, but data suggest a mid-point estimate of 7.9% and an upper bound of 38%. Most of the threatened species are seahorses (Hippocampus spp.: 14/42 species, with an additional 17 that are Data Deficient) or freshwater pipefishes of the genus Microphis (2/18 species, with seven additional that are Data Deficient). Two species are Near Threatened. Nearly one-third of syngnathiformes (97 species) are Data Deficient and could potentially be threatened, requiring further field research and evaluation. Most species (61%) were, however, evaluated as Least Concern. Primary threats to syngnathids are (1) overexploitation, primarily by non-selective fisheries, for which most assessments were determined by criterion A (Hippocampus) and/or (2) habitat loss and degradation, for which assessments were determined by criterion B (Microphis and some Hippocampus). Threatened species occurred in most regions but more are found in East and South-east Asia and in South African estuaries. Vital conservation action for syngnathids, including constraining fisheries, particularly non-selective extraction, and habitat protection and rehabilitation, will benefit many other aquatic species.

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Conservation Status of Marine Biodiversity in Oceania: An Analysis of Marine Species on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species

Journal of Marine Biology ◽

10.1155/2011/247030 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Beth A. Polidoro ◽

Cristiane T. Elfes ◽

Jonnell C. Sanciangco ◽

Helen Pippard ◽

Kent E. Carpenter

Keyword(s):

Threatened Species ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Extinction Risk ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Marine Species ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Marine Biodiversity ◽

Conservation Priorities ◽

Conservation Action

Given the economic and cultural dependence on the marine environment in Oceania and a rapidly expanding human population, many marine species populations are in decline and may be vulnerable to extinction from a number of local and regional threats. IUCN Red List assessments, a widely used system for quantifying threats to species and assessing species extinction risk, have been completed for 1190 marine species in Oceania to date, including all known species of corals, mangroves, seagrasses, sea snakes, marine mammals, sea birds, sea turtles, sharks, and rays present in Oceania, plus all species in five important perciform fish groups. Many of the species in these groups are threatened by the modification or destruction of coastal habitats, overfishing from direct or indirect exploitation, pollution, and other ecological or environmental changes associated with climate change. Spatial analyses of threatened species highlight priority areas for both site- and species-specific conservation action. Although increased knowledge and use of newly available IUCN Red List assessments for marine species can greatly improve conservation priorities for marine species in Oceania, many important fish groups are still in urgent need of assessment.

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Bird conservation on Santa Catarina Island, Southern Brazil

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s0959270902002083 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 123-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Luciano N. Naka ◽

Marcos Rodrigues ◽

Andrei L. Roos ◽

Marcos A. G. Azevedo

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Threatened Species ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Bird Species ◽

Bird Conservation ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Habitat Specificity ◽

Number Of Species ◽

The Government

The island of Santa Catarina lies in the Atlantic Forest Domain of southern Brazil, one of the most threatened ecosys tems on the planet. It holds a wide variety of habitats, ranging from sand dune ‘restingas’ to mature rain forest. We report, for the first time, a survey of the bird species and their conservation status for the different habitats present on the island. We recorded 269 bird species of 54 families (25 species were seabirds). More than 50% (140) of the total number of species were residents or probable residents, 20% (58) were visitors and a relatively high number of species (61, 23%) had indeterminate residential status. Nearly 15% (35 species) of the 244 landbird species observed were endemic to the Atlantic Forest. Habitat specificity was recorded for 40% (97 species). We recorded one Endangered (Solitary Tinamou Tinamus solitarius), one Vulnerable (White-necked Hawk Leucopternis lacernulata), and three Near-threatened species (Azure Jay Cyanocorax caeruleus, Azure-shouldered Tanager Thraupis cyanoptera, Black-backed Tanager Tangara peruviana). We also recorded six locally threatened species that we predict will become extinct in the near future. The future for the birds of the island is uncertain, especially for habitat specialists, due to habitat loss for resort developments, and a lack of concern by the government and local people.

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The avifauna and conservation status of the Namuli Massif, northern Mozambique

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s0959270900003518 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 315-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Peter G. Ryan ◽

Carlos Bento ◽

Callan Cohen ◽

John Graham ◽

Vincent Parker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conservation Status ◽

Bird Species ◽

Current Status ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Forest Patches ◽

Commercial Logging ◽

Remnant Forest ◽

First Time ◽

Pristine Forest ◽

Montane Grasslands

SummaryWe report the current status of birds at the Namuli Massif, northern Mozambique. Despite being the only known locality for the Namuli Apalis Apalis lynesi and the nominate race of the Dapplethroat Arcanator orostruthus, the mountain is very little known ornithologically. Prior to our survey it had only been visited by an ornithologist in 1932, when Jack Vincent collected in the area for three weeks. During our week-long survey in November-December 1998 we recorded 130 bird species from the Namuli area, including all three globally threatened species reported by Vincent (Thyolo Alethe Alethe choloensis, Dapplethroat and Namuli Apalis). The higher-elevation (>1,500 m) forests are still largely intact, but most of those at lower elevations have been cleared for agriculture. The alethe and apalis are common, occurring in remnant forest patches and secondary scrub as well as pristine forest from 1,160 to 2,000 m. The Dapplethroat is restricted to large, intact forests above 1,500 m, but also is fairly common (up to 2–3 singing males per hectare; greater densities than recorded elsewhere). Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica was recorded for the first time in Mozambique, and was suspected of breeding at 1,400 m. We estimate that some 1,300 ha of pristine forest remains on the main massif between Gurue and Mount Namuli, but this area is being reduced by burning and “subsistence” logging. Approximately 7,000 people currently live in the area east of the main forest. Grazing by goats and pigs on the montane grasslands surrounding the forests is another problem, but the gravest threat is posed by improved road access to the area, which could open the forests to commercial logging. In addition to being the sole locality known for the Namuli Apalis and the nominate race of Dapplethroat, the Namuli forests probably support the largest single populations of Thyolo Alethe and the well-marked belcheri race of Green Barbet. These populations make Namuli arguably the most critical Important Bird Area for Mozambique, and the remaining forests have a high priority for conservation action.

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Identifying the characteristics of conservation areas that appeal to potential flagship campaign donors

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605321000259 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Fiona Dobson ◽

Iain Fraser ◽

Robert J. Smith

Keyword(s):

Bird Species ◽

Effective Area ◽

The Other ◽

Preference Heterogeneity ◽

Management Effectiveness ◽

Conservation Areas ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Community Ownership ◽

Environmental Organization

Abstract The conservation flagship approach is a valuable tool for raising funds and awareness, but species-based campaigns have been criticized for providing little benefit to wider biodiversity. One possible solution is to use conservation areas as flagships, but we lack data on the types of area that most appeal to potential donors. Here, we used an online choice experiment involving hypothetical overseas conservation areas to investigate how respondents value a series of conservation area attributes. We calculated the average willingness to pay for each attribute and assessed preference heterogeneity. Our results suggest that community ownership is valued the most, followed by the presence of threatened bird species, low current funding in the conservation area, the presence of charismatic mammals, and charity ownership. Respondents could be divided into three groups, based on their education, environmental organization membership and income. The group of respondents who were less wealthy and were members of environmental organizations were not willing to pay for this kind of conservation action, suggesting that flagship area campaigns targeted at them should encourage other types of involvement. The other two groups, which included respondents who were less engaged in conservation (neither group included environmental organization members, with one group less wealthy and less educated, and the other wealthier), found community ownership particularly appealing, suggesting that many potential donors may be driven by social concerns. This is a key finding and suggests flagship conservation areas could attract a new audience of donors, helping to support current global efforts to increase the management effectiveness, connectivity and extent of protected areas and land under other effective area-based conservation measures.

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Parental Grief in Three Societies: Networks and Religion as Social Supports in Mourning

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.2190/023p-2j03-8511-561r ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 179-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jeffrey K. Hass ◽

Tony Walter

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Social Ties ◽

Social Supports ◽

The Other ◽

Emotional Engagement ◽

Parental Grief ◽

The Social ◽

Two Cities ◽

The Usa ◽

Network Form

How do people respond to the grief of parents over the death of their infant child? This article documents the experience of one of the authors, an American married to a Russian whose child died in England. Responses to this death by friends, colleagues and family in the USA, England, and two cities in Russia varied considerably in terms of depth and degree of engagement (emotional engagement, respect, or distance and avoidance). What factors underlie these varied responses? Two are identified, one structural, the other cultural: the strength of the social ties within social networks, and religiosity as historically sedimented within a culture. The degree of engagement is correlated with network form; but the content of engagement depends on religiosity.

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UPAYA MENERAPKAN NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL TARI JAPIN KUALA MEMBENTUK BUDI PEKERTI BAGI PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VII DI SMP NEGERI 1 ALALAK KEC. ALALAK KAB. BARITO KUALA MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN SENI TARI

Jurnal Socius ◽

10.20527/jurnalsocius.v8i2.7227 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Siti Aminah

Keyword(s):

Social Values ◽

Research Result ◽

Self Esteem ◽

The Other ◽

Dance Movement ◽

Mutual Cooperation ◽

Social Dance ◽

Dance Class ◽

The Social ◽

Islamic Religion

AbstractThe purpose of research to describe social values at Japin Dance Kuala in learning art dance class VII SMP Negeri 1 Alalak with qualitative research methods. The main purpose of using this method is to describe the nature of a situation that is temporarily running at the time of the study, and examine the causes of a particular symptom. The research result of Japin Kuala dance is one of South Kalimantan people dance. Japin dance is derived or grow and develop in the coastal area of the Martapura River or often called kuala area. Japin Kuala dance is a young promiscuous dance in Banjar area, which describes the tight feeling of silaturrahmi and brotherhood. This dance is very liked by young people Banjar Land because in addition to express the joy in an event, not infrequently also Japin dance is a medium for finding a mate. Although this dance is a social dance but still holds the norms of Islamic religion .. Japin Kuala dance variety is very much related to the social values that exist in society, such as communicative and trusted, low self-esteem, environmental awareness, mutual cooperation, respect and appreciate.Implementation of social values in 100% students are taught always to help friends, 100% of teachers always give advice, 100% students are taught always work together, 100% of students are always taught to help each other students who can not dance, 100% of teachers always give advice in the form of social values contained in the dance, 80% of students rebuked the other students (partner) if one in a dance movement, 100% of students stated always cooperate while practicing dancing, 85% of students invite friends to learn dance, and 96.15% students are supported by the lord to learn to dance.Keywords: Social Values, Kuala Japin Dance, Dance ArtsAbstrakTujuan penelitian untuk mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai sosial pada Tari Japin Kuala dalam pembelajaran seni tari kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Alalak dengan metode penelitian kualitatif. Penelitian deskripsi bertujuan untuk menggambarkan suatu realita sosial tertentu atau dirancang untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang keadaan- keadaan nyata yang berlangsung sekarang. Tujuan utama menggunakan metode ini adalah untuk menggambarkan sifat suatu keadaan yang sementara berjalan pada saat penelitian dilakukan, dan memeriksa sebab-sebab dari suatu gejala tertentu. Hasil penelitian Tari Japin Kuala merupakan salah satu tari rakyat Kalimantan Selatan. Tari Japin ini berasal atau tumbuh dan berkembang di daerah pesisir Sungai Martapura atau sering dinamakan daerah kuala. Tari Japin Kuala merupakan tari pergaulan muda – mudi di daerah Banjar, yang melukiskan rasa eratnya tali silaturrahmi dan persaudaraan. Tarian ini sangat disukai oleh muda-mudi Tanah Banjar karena disamping untuk mengekspresikan kegembiraan dalam suatu acara, tak jarang pula Tari Japin merupakan media untuk mencari jodoh. Walaupun tarian ini adalah tarian pergaulan namun masih memegang norma - norma agama Islam.. Ragam gerak tari Japin Kuala sangat terkait dengan nilai-nilai sosial yang ada dalam masyarakat, seperti komunikatif dan dipercaya, rendah diri, keperdulian dengan lingkungan, gotong royong, menghormati dan menghargai.Implementasi nilai-nilai sosial pada peserta didik 100% diajarkan selalu membantu kawan, 100% guru selalu memberikan nasehat, 100% peserta didik diajarkan selalu bekerja sama, 100% peserta didik selalu diajarkan untuk saling membantu peserta didik lainya yang belum bisa menari, 100% guru selalu memberikan nasehat berupa nilai-nilai sosial yang terkandung dalam tarian, 80% peserta didik menegur peserta didik lainnya (pasangannya) apabila salah dalam melakukan gerakan tari, 100% peserta didik menyatakan selalu bekerjasama saat berlatih menari, 85% peserta didik mengajak temannya untuk belajar menari, dan 96,15% peserta didik didukung oleh orang tuan untuk belajar menari.Kata Kunci : Nilai-Nilai Sosial, Tari Japin Kuala, Seni Tari

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Factors affecting the distribution of landbirds on the Falkland Islands

Bird Conservation International ◽

10.1017/s0959270902002095 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 151-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

James R. Hall ◽

Robin W. Woods ◽

M. de L. Brooke ◽

Geoff M. Hilton

Keyword(s):

Conservation Status ◽

Bird Species ◽

Habitat Destruction ◽

Habitat Modification ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Island Species ◽

Introduced Predators ◽

Isolation Effects ◽

Bird Distribution

A high proportion of island birds are threatened with extinction as a result of their vulnerability to introduced predators, habitat destruction, and fragmentation/isolation effects. In order to conserve island species effectively, it is necessary to disentangle these effects on distribution and abundance. We attempt to do this for the nine native passerines in the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands, using a database of presence/absence on 59 offshore islands in the archipelago, linked to data for each island on mammal presence, habitat modification, and isolation. Falklands native passerines are of considerable conservation importance, comprising one endemic globally threatened species, several endemic subspecies, and several restricted range species. Presence of rats on islands was by far the most important predictor of passerine presence, overriding the effect of habitat modifications. The globally threatened endemic Cobb's Wren Troglodytes cobbi was absent from all islands containing rats. Some species were more likely, and others less likely to occur on islands where tussac Poa flabellata grassland had been destroyed by grazing. The former species were primarily those adapted to dwarf-heath vegetation, and/or that thrive around human settlements. Island size and isolation were important predictors of occurrence for several bird species. The analyses show that, if vegetation restoration in the Falklands is to meet conservation aims, then it should be accompanied by introduced mammal control. Secondly, they indicate that biogeographical effects on bird distribution among islands in the Falklands are important, and need to be considered when assessing the conservation status of species, and when considering conservation action.

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Colonization and Cultural Values of Yorùbá People: A Case of Traditional Drums in Yorùbá Land

Journal of Language and Literature ◽

10.24071/joll.v19i2.2144 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 148

Author(s):

Aladesami Ọmọ́bọ́lá Agnes

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Social Values ◽

Technological Development ◽

Community Setting ◽

The Other ◽

Cultural Belief ◽

The Past ◽

The People ◽

The Social ◽

Different Cultures

Culture is one of the marks by which a community of people of a nation is normally identified. Culture is a phenomenon that distinguishes one ethnic tribe from the other. Various cultures can be identified among the people that are found in a particular community setting. Some cultures can be similar among different people but cultures that differ one from the other are peculiar to people of various tribes. Culture and tradition are sometimes used interchangeably. However, these two concepts have some differences. Tradition is rooted in religious beliefs of a people while culture is embedded in the social activities and social values of a people. Culture is multi-dimensional. Among the Yorùbá ethnic group of South Western Nigeria, there are different cultures that can be identified. Some of these cultures include but not limited to: tribal marks, mode of greetings, dressing/hairstyle and music in which drums are embedded. The focus of this paper is on the use of traditional drums among the Yorùbá. The paper shall examine the origin of drum beating, types of drums and the type of drum beating that is peculiar to each activity and the phenomenon of drum beating in the past and now. The paper discusses the influence the modern technological development has brought into the issue of traditional drums both in positive and negative ways. The paper concludes that this culture is gradually fading away among the Yorùbá people and observed that this is due to the fact that not much value is placed on Yorùbá culture anymore and this is very inimical to the socio-cultural belief of the people.Keywords: culture, traditional Drums, technology, socio-cultural belief_________________________________________DOI > <a href="https://search.crossref.org/?q=10.24071%2Fjoll.2019.190214">https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.2019.190214</a>

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